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Impacts of surface gravity waves on a tidal front: a coupled model perspective
Journées Scientifiques LEFE/GMMC 2019
Sophia E. BrumerV. Garnier, J.-L. Redelsperger, M.-N. Bouin, F. Ardhuin, and M. Accensi
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The AMICO Model Framework
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Model Framework
MesoNH
WaveWatchIII
MARS3D
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Model Framework
MesoNH
WaveWatchIII
MARS3D TOY
Sea Surface TemperatureSea Surface Currents
3
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Model Framework
MesoNH TOY
WaveWatchIII
MARS3D
Mean PeriodSignificant Wave Height
Surface Stokes DriftsStokes TransportsSurface Stresses
Wave-Ocean Momentum FluxesWave breaking Dissipation
Wave induced PressureNear-bottom rms Wave VelocitiesBottom Wave Diss. Energy Flux
Bottom Wave Diss. Stresses
Wind StressesHeat Fluxes
Pressure
10-m Wind
5
2
17
3
Sea Surface HeightSea Surface Currents
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Model Framework
MesoNH
WaveWatchIII
MARS3D
Mean PeriodSignificant Wave Height
Surface Stokes DriftsStokes TransportsSurface Stresses
Wave-Ocean Momentum FluxesWave breaking Dissipation
Wave induced PressureNear-bottom rms Wave VelocitiesBottom Wave Diss. Energy Flux
Bottom Wave Diss. Stresses
Wind StressesHeat Fluxes
Pressure
Sea Surface TemperatureSea Surface Currents
10-m Wind Charnock Coefficient
5
2
17
3
13
Sea Surface HeightSea Surface Currents
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Iroise Sea Application
2
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The Iroise Sea
Physical Features:▪ SST Front
▪ Strong tidal currents
▪ Swells
FROMVAR:▪ 2-4 September 2011
▪ Low Winds (2 to 14 m s-1)
▪ Swell from the west-southwest
▪ Atmospheric front moving in from the west on Sept 2nd around 1800
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Model Setup
Models:▪ Ocean → Mars3D (500 m)
▪ Waves → WavewatchIII (1.5 km)
▪ Atmos. → MésoNH (1.25 km)
▪ Coupler → OASIS3MCT
Data:▪ FROMVAR field campaign
(wave buoys, scan fish, ...)
▪ Wave buoy @ Les Pierres Noires
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Model Setup
Models:▪ Ocean → Mars3D (500 m)
▪ Waves → WavewatchIII (1.5 km)
▪ Atmos. → MésoNH (1.25 km)
▪ Coupler → OASIS3MCT
Data:▪ FROMVAR field campaign
(wave buoys, scan fish, ...)
▪ Wave buoy @ Les Pierres Noires
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Experimental Design
02/09/2011 03/09/2011
00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21
WW3
MésoNH - D1
MARS3D
MésoNH - D2
Coupled Runs& TOY forced
▪ >15 RUNS:
▪ 4 stand-alone runs
▪ 7 forced with TOY
▪ 3 coupled (2 models)
▪ 1 coupled (3 models)
▪ Multiple partially coupled runs (2 models)
▪ Hourly forcing
▪ 10 min coupling
▪ 10 min & Hourly output
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Model Validation
3
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Excellent agreement with FROMVAR dataat surface and throughout water column
Ocean Model Validation
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Pierres Noires Treffle
Wave Model Validation
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Impacts of Waves on a Tidal Front
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Wave-Ocean Coupling
[1] Ardhuin et al. (2008), [2] Bennis et al. (2011), [3] Walstra et al. (2000)
1, 2
3
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Wave-Ocean Coupling
1, 2
[1] Ardhuin et al. (2008), [2] Bennis et al. (2011)
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● Semi-diurnal tide
○ Flood → eastward
○ Ebb → westward
● Waves grow gradually,
propagating northeast and
east in response to wind
● wave following (opposing)
current → blue (coral)
shading
Environmental Conditions
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Contrasting MARS3D runs @ 48.8 °N
● Cooling of 1°C on stratified side of front (c).
● Westward shift of the temperature front, opposite to Stokes drift advection (c).
● Reduction (increase) of the westward (eastward) tracer advecting velocity (uL ) around front (e)
Results - Surface Temperature
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Contrasting MARS3D runs @ 48.8 °N
Diagnosis of temperature equation:
● Difference in trend is reflected by difference in advection terms (c, d).
● Difference in diffusion smaller than in advection (e)
Results - Surface Temperature
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Results - Currents
Average profiles in Z1 and Z2:
● quasi-eulerian horizontal current components in coupled run are reduced (increased) in wave following (opposing) situations compared to eulerian currents in stand-alone run
● vertical momentum eddy diffusion (Ku ) increased within surface layer due to waves
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Results - Currents
• Quasi-eulerian horizontal current components in coupled run are reduced (increased) in wave following (opposing) situations compared to eulerian currents in stand-alone run
Terms of current equations for module of (quasi-) eulerian velocity at surface show:
• As waves grow, balance betweenStokes-Coriolis and vertical diff. Terms (+ apparent P grad terms) drives changes in currents.
NB: pressure gradient remains unchanged; apparent influence in (c)solely reflect differences in velocity modules
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1. Waves propagating towards the shore lead to offshore displacement of the SST front. Due to:a. reduced (enhanced) eastward
(westward) advection.b. reduction (enhancement) of
currents when waves follow (oppose) tides.
c. wave induced mixing (vertical diffusion) that works to reduce vertical gradients in current profiles.
2. Increased vertical diffusion partially balanced by Stokes-Coriolis effect.
3. Wave induced mixing has secondary effect on tracers compared to advection.
Conclusions
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Results - Currents
• Quasi-eulerian horizontal current components in coupled run are reduced (increased) in wave following (opposing) situations compared to eulerian currents in stand-alone run
Terms of current equations for module of (quasi-) eulerian velocity at surface show:
• As waves grow, balance betweenStokes-Coriolis and vertical diff. Terms (+ apparent P grad terms) drives changes in currents.
NB: pressure gradient remains unchanged; apparent influence in (c)solely reflect differences in velocity modules
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Results - Currents
• Quasi-eulerian horizontal current components in coupled run are reduced (increased) in wave following (opposing) situations compared to eulerian currents in stand-alone run
Terms of current equations for module of (quasi-) eulerian velocity at surface show:
• As waves grow, balance betweenStokes-Coriolis and vertical diff. Terms (+ apparent P grad terms) drives changes in currents.
NB: pressure gradient remains unchanged; apparent influence in (c)solely reflect differences in velocity modules
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