Download - Importance of angiosperm
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Importance of angiosperm
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•As a good source of nutrients
•As a source of income
•Medicinal plants
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As a good source of nutrients
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As a source of income
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Medicinal plants
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Poisonous Plants
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Poison
Any substance which, when taken into the system, acts injuriously, in a manner neither thermal nor mechanical, tending to cause death or serious detriment to health.
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In General
• More than 700 plants toxic to animals
• Economic losses
• Chemicals in plants are natural defense
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Can you tell by looking at a plant if it is poisonous?
NO
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Suspect Plant Families
• Philodendron family (Araceae)
• Cactus family (Cactaceae)
• Tomato family (Solanaceae)
• Spurge family (Euphorbiaceae)
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Levels of Poisoning
• Chronic - Over a period of time. Can refer to prolonged or repeated exposure to toxins or to the progression of clinical signs.
• Acute - A rapid, severe onset of signs.
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Classes of Poisons
• Poisons acting on the brain
• Poisons acting on the spinal cord
• Poisons acting on the heart
• Vegetable irritants
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Houseplants
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Amaryllis
•Houseplant
•Bulbs and seeds are toxic
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Caladiums & Dieffenbachia
•Houseplant
•All parts
•Humans and pets
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Easter Lily
•Houseplant or ornamental
•All parts
•Humans, cats, livestock
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Oleander
• Ornamental shrub
• Extremely toxic
• Livestock, pets and humans
• Gastroenteritis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, sweating and weakness
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LandscapingPlants
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Azalea, Rhododendron
• Shrub
• Entire plant
• Livestock, pets and humans
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Castor bean
• Ornamental herb
• Various parts of the plant –particularly in the seed
• All livestock, pets and humans
• 6 seeds can kill a horse
• 1-2 seeds can kill a child
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Poison Ivy
• a climbing vine of the
cashew family that has
three-part leaves and
white berries.
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Foxglove
• Biennial plant
• All parts – most toxic just before the seeds ripen
• Cats, cattle, dogs, goats, horses, humans
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Lantana
• Annual flower, warm climates spreading shrub
• All parts are quite toxic
• Cattle, sheep, horses and humans
• Gastric, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory collapse
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Lily of the Valley
• Perennial flower
• All parts are extremely toxic
• Humans, cats, dogs, goats
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Red Maple
• Ornamental tree
• Leaves, especially when fallen, damaged, or wilted
• Horses only
• Breathing difficulties, jaundice, dark brown urine, death
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Black Walnut
• Natural and ornamental tree
• Moderately toxic, depending upon length of exposure
• Horses, dogs, possibly other animals
• Laminitis, breathing problems, gastroenteritis
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Yew
• Ornamental Shrub
• All parts extremely toxic, death is likely
• All animals-livestock, pets, humans and birds
• Sudden death is the typical sign. Occasionally: breathing problems, trembling, weakness, heart problems, stomach upset.
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Plants in Nature
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Black Locust
• Shrub or tree
• Roots, bark, sprouts, seed pods and/or trimmings
• Horses, cattle, sheep, poultry and humans
• Weakness, posterior paralysis, depression and loss of appetite
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Jetropha Curcas
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Dawa-dawa and saka-saka
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Hemp Dogbane
• Native perennial
• All parts- particularly tender shoots. Can be in hay
• Horses, cattle, humans, sheep, cats, dogs, goats
• Heart stimulant, increased temperature and pulse, pupils dilated. Can result in death.
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Horsenettle
• Perennial, thorny herb
• Berries most toxic, leaves to a lesser degree
• Mostly cattle, humans, rodents
• Sometimes sheep, horses, goats
• Irritation of the mouth, gastrointestinal lesions, unthriftiness, jaundiced mucous membranes, abdominal dropsy and constipation
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Jimsonweed
• Annual
• All parts, green or dried are poisonous – especially seeds
• Cattle, swine:primary Horses, poultry, goats, dogs and humans: possible
• Cattle – .5 to 1#
• Weak, rapid pulse and heartbeat
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Poison Hemlock
• Biennial Herb
• All parts are toxic, but the seeds are the worst
• Livestock, poultry and humans
• Gastrointestinal irritation, nervousness, trembling, staggering, coldness of the extremities, slow heartbeat and eventually coma and death
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Pokeweed
• Perennial herb
• Young leaves often used as cooked green
• Cattle, horses, swine and man
• Severe gastroenteritis w/ cramping, diarrhea and convulsions
• Can be fatal
• Treat with gastrointestinal protectives and sedatives
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Myths & Potentially Poisonous Plants
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Poinsettia
• No part of these holiday beauties is toxic to either people or pets
• Tastes extremely bitter and could cause stomach upset
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Nitrate Toxicity