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Improving ADCP Data Quality
Outline:
● ADCP system: required components
● Approach to Data Acquisition
● Overview of UHDAS
● Overview of CODAS processing
● Errors in ADCP data
Dr. Julia HummonUniversity of HawaiiINMARTECH 2014Corvallis, OR
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ADCP System: Required Components
● ADCP, GPS position, Heading● Data Acquisition System
(eg. VmDAS, UHDAS)– acquire and timestamp data
● Processing– match serial to ADCP– transform into E/W coords– edit, average– display
Result: Ocean Currents
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Approach to ADCP data
(1) Physical Components are competent
– ADCP installation (reduce bubbles, noise)
– GPS (no big drifts or jumps)
– Accurate heading device (0.1-0.2 degree error)
important
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Approach to ADCP data
(2) Data acquisition is competent
● log multiple serial devices for each component● good timestamp● serial feed straight from the instrument
(NO computer-generated messages)– 2 GPS feeds
– 2 headings:● reliable (eg. gyro)● accurate (eg. POSMV, Seapath, Ashtech, CODA-F185)
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Approach to ADCP data
(3) Keep these goals in mind:
● Ensure everything requested is actually logged● At-sea system should be
– repeatable (can get back to good settings)
– reliable (all components are there, no gaps or glitches)
– reasonable (at-sea values = good working values)
● After the cruise, more work can be done to make the data better (post-processing/re-processing)
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Approach to ADCP data
(4) Monitor: (Something will break)
● minimize downtime (gaps)
● have a fallback (switch to other feeds)
● catch mistakes (eg. bad settings) quickly
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Overview of UHDAS
● UHDAS (Univ. Hawaii Data Acquisition System)● written, developed, maintained at Univ. Hawaii● installed on 24 ships (19 UNOLS, 1 USCG, 2 NOAA, +2)● first installed 2003 (Kilo Moana)● supports RDI ADCPs (multiple, same computer)● presently using Xubuntu 14.04● written in C, Python● leverages CODAS processing (also Univ. Hawaii)
(*)
(*) Funded to expand to NOAA ships
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UHDAS:What does it do?
● Data Acquisition● Data Processing (CODAS)
http://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/docs/adcp_doc/index.html
● Create and display data products (on ship)http://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/uhdas_fromships/kilomoana_atseaweb/index.html
● Monitoring (at sea and on shore) http://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/uhdas_fromships.html
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Overview of CODAS Processing
● Open-Source; runs on Linux, Mac OSX, Windows● Automated single-ping editing before averaging:
– thresholds
– acoustic interference from other instruments
– short, biased profiles (bubbles/bad weather)
● Time-dependent heading correction– gyro is reliable, accurate devices are (often) less reliable
● calibration of transducer angle– watertrack, bottomtrack
● graphical editor used in postprocessing
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Errors in ADCP data
● Random: – solution: average more pings for good resolution
– (decreased ping rate makes fuzzy velocities)
● Non-Random:– electrical noise (try to remove it at the source)
– acoustic interference:● CODAS can often edit out before averaging● (come to Acoustic Interference session for more discussion)
– short, biased profiles (bubbles)
Example...
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Errors in ADCP data: Bubbles cause short, biased profiles
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VmDAS LTA averages
(no single-ping editing)
UHDAS (CODAS) averages
(after single-ping editing)
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CODAS processing algorithm removes acoustic interference for FREE-RUNNING ADCP
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Accurate Heading
Typical subsurface open ocean speeds 0.1-0.2m/s
At 10kts:1 degree heading error:● cross-track direction● 0.1m/s
REDUCE cross-trackbiases by using anaccurate headingdevice, good to 0.1deg
0.1-0.2m/s
0.1-0.2m/s
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Always record Quality Flags“d
egre
es”
POSMV “heading accuracy” ($PASHR)
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Summary
● Improve the components● Log multiple sources for ancillary data● Get an accurate heading device● Monitor the system● post-processing can improve final data
(eg. CODAS processing)