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In 1865 the South lay in Ruin
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1/5 of the South’s male population had been killed
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Southern Cities were in Shambles
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Businesses and Factories Destroyed
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Much of the South’s Transportation System was Destroyed
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Reconstruction
The United States Attempts to Rebuild after the Civil War
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The South in Ruin
• By May of _______ the last Confederate forces had surrendered to the Union army.
• ___________of the Southern male population dies during the war.
• Farms and plantations were in desperate shape as a result of the ____________and from neglect.
• The South’s_______________system was almost entirely destroyed.
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Many Questions to Answer
• How will the former slave transition into free society?
• How will the South react to free African Americans in their society?
• What is the status of the Confederate states? • How will southern states be brought back into
the Union?• Should the Confederate states be forgiven or
punished?
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Johnson takes over as President
• Andrew Johnson was a slave owning __________ Senator from _________ who sided with the Union.
• Chosen to be Lincoln’s _______to get democratic votes in the 1864 election
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Johnson is _________ on the South
• Against the wishes of the _____________ Congress, Johnson _____________ almost every planter and former Confederate leader who applied. Many states just reelected prewar leaders including_____Confederate generals, two cabinet members and the vice president of the Confederacy (all were rejected by Congress). By the time Congress reconvenes in 1865, Johnson had ______________ all Confederate states but Texas.
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13th and 14th Amendments• 13th: 1865- __________
(involuntary servitude) will not be allowed in any U.S. territory
• 14th: 1868- ___________ extended to African Americans. No state shall deny any citizen life, liberty, or property without __________________
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15th Amendment
• 1869- No one shall be denied the right to _________________________________
• Of course ________________ found many ways to get around this amendment
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Republican Reconstruction Plan
• ____________ commanders placed in charge of Confederate states
• States had to write new ______________, which had to be approved by Congress
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. Republican Reconstruction Plan
• All states trying to get back into the Union had to ratify ________
__________________________• States had to
guarantee__________to vote to all adult ___________.
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Johnson’s Impeachment (1868)
• Republicans ___________ Andrew Johnson
• His conviction ________ by ______ vote
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Republican Governments in the South
• Carpetbaggers:
• Scalawags:
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Democrats Regain Control• Democrats incited white Southerners
against _________________________
• They also accused Republican governments of ______________________________
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Democrats Regain Control• Southerners_________elections to
help Democrats win, and set up “______________” to keep African Americans in a slave-like condition.
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Democrats Regain Control
• In the election of 1876, _____________________________is given the
presidency as part of a deal.• __________________ ends, and troops
are removed from the South
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Life After Slavery
• The newly freed slaves or “_______________” now had freedom, but no food, shelter, job or other necessities of life.
• What do you think about the “Freedmen”?
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The “New” South• Investing helps the South develop some
____________________ and industry• The South remains _________________• _____________ farmers: have to pay rent
on the land they farm
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The “New” South• Sharecroppers:
• African Americans lose most __________ that they had gained
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Changes for African Americans
• Among ________________, African Americans flocked to _______________________________. Despite poverty for many freedmen, some opened businesses and farmed their own land.
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Southern Resistance to Reconstruction
• Many in the South did not want to see the ______________ of blacks. Since individual laws were up to the states, states were able to pass laws that helped to _________________ against freedman.
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Black Codes
• Laws passed to ______________ the unequal relationship between whites and blacks in the South.
• Designed to keep freedmen in a ________________ condition, and give planters a supply of cheap labor.
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The Ku Klux Klan
• Group of White citizens that _______________ African Americans and Whites loyal to the U.S. Government or ___________________ to Freedmen.
• Often local officials would not __________ their violent crimes.
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Reconstruction’s Legacy• If the _____________ War was fought over State’s
Rights, Reconstruction showed that idea had failed. • Southern states resented _____________ control
for 10 years after the war, and continued for much of the next century.
• Intensified___________________of White southerners towards the government.
• _____________ and ____________ Americans were disappointed in being left out of rights passed on to freedmen.
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Let’s Revisit:
• How is the former slave transitioning into free society?
• How did the South react to free African Americans in their society?
• What is the status of the Confederate states post Reconstruction?
• Were the Confederate states be forgiven or punished?