![Page 1: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SIAM PDE San-Diego, November 14-18,2011
In Collaboration with :
E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A.Solyinin, L. Bloshanskaya,L.Hoang (Texas Tech)
![Page 2: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
This well, with upgrades made by Dupuit in the
early 1850s, was one of the major municipal
supplies of water for the SW side of Paris, along
with the Perrier pumping station at Chaillot,
which supplied water from the Seine
History of the underground fluid flow
starts by Darcy with clean water
supply
Comprehensive principles ….established by Darcy and Dupuit, by R.W. Ritzi, and P. Bobeck,
Water resources research,,v44,2008.
Stratigraphy and structural geology of the Paris basin
[from Darcy, 1856]
![Page 3: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
q P Darcy approximation
1 2 , k P P P
J P
2q q P Forchheimer Two terms approximation
n nq c q P
Forchheimer Power approximation , 1 2n nq c q P n
Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) approximation 2 3Aq Bq Cq P
Muskat, M., The Flow of Homogeneous Fluids through Porous Media, 1937, latest edition, Springer 1982
![Page 4: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bear, J., Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media ,Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1972
![Page 5: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
1'
Two term Forchheimer Law
Power Forchheimer Law
Three term cubic Forchheimer Law
' ,v v v v p (1)
1
' ,n
nv c v v v p
(2)
, ' ,v B K v v v C v v v p (3)
Dimensionless
permeability tensor K
1
,...,nx x
p p p
1
0 1( ) ... n
n
vg v p
g s a a s a s
Algebraic polynomial
with positive coefficients
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, L. Hoang, A. I. , Analyses of Gen. Forchheimer Flows of Compressible fluid …, J. Math. Phys. 50,
(2009).
![Page 6: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Proposition. For any algebraic polynomial g(s) exists G positive function
such that , generalized nonlinear Darcy vector field (5) , solves generalized
Forchheimer equation.
v K p Darcy vector field
( ( ))v K p p Generalized Nonlinear Darcy Vector Field
( , )v x t velocity ( , )p x t pressure
Bilinear form ( ) ,p p p
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, L. Hoang, A. I. , Analysis of Gen. Forchheimer Flows of Compressible Fluid in the porous media…, J.
Math. Phys. 50, (2009).
![Page 7: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
( ( ))v K p p (5)
tp v v p (6)
1 (7)
Momentum equation –Generalized Nonlinear Darcy Vector Field
Continuity equation
Equation of state for slightly compressible fluids
tp v v p
Then (6) is reduced to
![Page 8: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
w
1
( )= ( , ) S
S
Sp t p x t dx
If ( ) and ( )Q t Q const PDD t const
Definition : Pseudo-Steady State (PSS) regime
( ) ( , ),w
xQ t v x t n ds
( ) ( ) ( )w
UPDD t p t p t
( )( , , ) ( )
( )K
Q tJ p v t J t
PDD t
Total Flux on the well
Pressure drawdown
Average Pressure
( , , )G
J p v t constConsequently
Productivity Index/ Diffusive Capacity
A. I., Khalmanova, D., Valk´o, P. P., and Walton, J. R., “On a Mathematical Model of the Productivity Index
of a Well from Reservoir Engineering,” SIAM J. Appl. Math. 65, 1952 (2005).
![Page 9: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
( ( )) in the domain
( ) ( , ),
( , ), 0 on
( ,0) ( )
w
x
e
pK p K p U
t
Q t v x t n ds
v x t n
p x f x
![Page 10: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
K p
2 2
2
2 1 0 2 1 2 1( , ) 1
a aL L
a
Up p dx C p p p p
Weighted monotonicity: :
1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2
( , ) ,u u K u u K u u u u
2 1 ,
11 1
N
a a
N
C CK a
1/2 2
0
( )H K s ds K
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, L. Hoang, A. I. , Analysis of Gen. Forchheimer Flows of Compressible Fluid in the porous media…, J.
Math. Phys. 50, (2009).
![Page 11: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1s-2s)
(3s)
(4s)
Theorem . Psudo Steady State solution exist and unique ff
( , ),w
xv x t n ds Q const
U
w
E. Aulisa, A. I. P. P. Valko, J. R. Walton, “Math. Frame-Work For PI of The Well for Fast Forchheimer (non-Darcy) Flow in
porous media”, Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Science, v.. 19, (2009),
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term dynamics for well productivity index for nonlinear flows , J. Math. Phys. 52 (2011)
(4)
/A Q U K w w
( , ) 0U
v n
0( ) ( ) on
ww x x
( ) 0 on e
w x
( ,0) ( )s
p x w x
0)
wsp At x
( ( ))s s st
p K p K p
![Page 12: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Definition :
Is called pseudo-steady state solution
, here is integral average.
Theorem . PSS regime exists and is unique
( , )sp x t
Proof.
Indeed, pressure function solves transient problem (1-3)
And corresponding pressure drawdown is equal to
E. Aulisa, A. I. P. P. Valko, J. R. Walton, “Math. Frame-Work For PI of The Well for Fast Forchheimer (non-Darcy) Flow in
porous media”, Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Science, v.. 19, (2009),
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term dynamics for well productivity index for nonlinear flows , J. Math. Phys. 52 (2011),
( , ) ( )sp x t w x At
0( )PDD t w const
f0
( , , ) K s s
QJ p v t const
w
![Page 13: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1( ) ( ) )
2F F K
Proposition 4 Equation /Q U div K w w
Serves as Euler-Lagrange equation for functional
21( ) ( )
2K
I u F u u Au dx
a) in linear Darcy case b) in case of Forchheimer
Power Law, Two terms Law
Theorem 5. Variational interpretation of diffusive capacitance
1
0 1 1( ) , 1g s a a s 0 1( )g s a a s
_ _1/
Two Terms Two TermsI J( ) 1/Darcy DarcyI W J 1/
Power PowerI J
E. Aulisa, A. Cakmak, A. I. A. Solynin, “Variational principle and steady state invariant for non-linear hydrodynamic interactions
in porous media Advances in Dynamical . Systems 14 (S2) (2007).
![Page 14: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gap Between Variational Interpretation in
Linear and Non-linear Cases
![Page 15: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1; = 1/
0 , 0 w U
Darcy D
D
D D
J w Uw
w w n
( ) ; ( ) = /
0 , 0 w U
g F F
F
F F
QJ Q K w w Q U
w
w w n
Comparison Theorem
,( )
1 maxg PSS
Darcy
Darcy
J Qw QR
J , here
1
0 1
max( )
ik
jj
R ag
1 0/R a a2 0
1 0
2 0 1 0
//
2 / /
a aR a a
a a a a
Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term dynamics for well productivity index for nonlinear flows , J. Math. Phys. 52 (2011)
Impact of the non-linearity on the deviation , from g PSS DarcyJ J
![Page 16: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Application of the mathematical framework for general Forchheimer polynomial
Radial flow
er
wr
02 /, for
ln 3 / 4Darcy e w
e
w
aJ r r
r
r
02 /, for
ln 3 / 4Forch e w
e
w
aJ r r
rskin
r
Routine empirical approach, skin factor obtained by matching
0, 1 1
1
0
22 2
1
1 12( 2)1 0
2 /1, for
ln 3 / 4 2 /
2
jj e
j jj
g PSS e weDarcy F
w
rkej
j e
aJ r r
rJ Sa S
r
r ra QS dr
rr
E. Aulisa, A. I., P. P. Valko, J. R. Walton, “A new method for evaluation the productivity index…”, SPE, v.14, n., 2009 .
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. “Long-term dynamics for well productivity index for nonlinear flows “, J. Math. Phys. 52 (2011)
![Page 17: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Theorem. Let
Then function ( )u exists, such that
2
(w u u u
2
1
1
Qu
Uu
Constant Mean Curvature Equation
2
2 Qw
Uw
G w
Steady state Two terms
Forchheimer Equation
M. Toda, M, A.I., A, Aulisa, E, “Geometric Frame-Work for Modeling Non-Linear Flows …”, J. of Non-linear Anal. v.. 11, 3, 2010.
E, Aulisa, A.I. , Toda, M. “Geom. Meth. in the Anal. of Non-linear…” Proc. of the AMS, Spectral Theory and Geometric Analysis,2011
![Page 18: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
w
( , )wA
p x t Is specified
Bottom hole Pressure
(w
q q xK p p n ds
Is specified
Total well production
![Page 19: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Total
Flux Dirichlet
Satisfies simultaneously two conditions on the boundary
total flux and Dirichlet (given pressure)
Goal
( , , ) ( , , )K q q K s s
J p v t J p v t const ( , , ) ( , , )K A A K s s
J p v t J p v t const
( ) , and initial Data ( ,0) ( )s s s st
p K p p p x w x
0( , ) ( ) on
s wp x t At x ( ( )
w
s s xK p p n ds Q t
0
( , )
( , ) ( )
wA
H
p At x t
x t x
( ( )
w
q q xK p p n ds Q t Q
![Page 20: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Asymptotic and structural stability of the Diffusive capacity
with respect to boundary Data
Then
Theorem . Dirichlet BC Assume degree condition
Let
1,2 1,2( ) ( ): || '( ) || , || ( ) || 0 as , for some
w wW WH t t t t t k
L.Hoang, A.I.” Structural stab. of gen. Forchheimer equations for compressible fluids in porous media”, Nonlinearity, v.24, 1 , 2011
E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. “Long-term dynamics for well productivity index for nonlinear flows “, J. Math. Phys. 52 (2011)
Convergence follows from the inequality
and asymptotical regularity with respect to time derivative:
2
( ) t L
U
Q t Q p ds Q C q
Theorem on “asymptotical regularity”. If H condition is satisfied then
2
0s t
U
p p dx
4deg( )
2g
n
0( , ) ( )
Hx t x
( , , ) ( , , )K A A K s s
J p v t J p v t const
![Page 21: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
In case of total Flux condition solution is not unique
Assume ( , ) is stabilising at time infinity to some
and total flux ( ) is stabilising to constant .
Then pair , generates a problem, with
time independent diffusive capacity
x t x
Q t Q
x Q PSS
Theorem ( , , ) ( , , )
K q q K s sJ p v t J p v t const
Class of the traces on the boundary is introduced in terms of the deviation
from the averages on the boundary
0
0
0
( , ) ( , )
( ) ( , )
( , ) ( , ) ( )
Then the trace
( , ) ( , ) ( )
p x t x t
t x t
x t x t t
p x t x t t
The following Theorem is true under degree constraint and some
assumptions on deviation from the average:
No explicite conditions on ( ) !t
0For example if Dirchlet Data are split as ( , ) ( ), and ( , ) ( ), and total flux ( )f x t r t f x t f x Q t Q
Average of the trace on the boundary
( )Q t
0( , )x t
![Page 22: In Collaboration with : E.Aulisa, M.Toda, A.Cakmak, A ......aa R a a a a a a Two terms (quadratic)Forchheimer Three terms (cubic) Forchheimer E. Aulisa, L. Bloshanskaya, A. I. Long-term](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022050416/5f8c2f37017478029b74aaba/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Generalized non-linear potential flows can be used as an effective framework to study non-linear flows in porous media.
• In case of Two Terms Law if the product between the Forchheimer coefficient and the production rate is constant then the well productivity index for PSS regime is invariant with respect to any variation of the production rate and the Forchheimer coefficient.
• PSS regime serves as a global attractor for a class of IBVP with arbitral initial pressure distribution, and diffusive capacitance characterizes the deviation between regimes of production