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INCLINED PLANE
EXPERIMENTFMB32302- ENGINEERING MECHANICAL
PRACTICAL
STUDENT NAME:
ARIFF FARHAAN BIN MAHADZIR
50214114029
MUAZ BIN MOHAMAD FADZIL
5021411422
S!ED AHMED FARIS BIN HASHIM
5021"1142#5
UNI$ERSITI %UALA LUMPUR
MALA!SIA FRANCE
http://online2.unikl.edu.my/assessment.htm?code=FMB32302&selSemester=2013/2014-2http://online2.unikl.edu.my/assessment.htm?code=FMB32302&selSemester=2013/2014-2 -
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TABLE OF CONTENT
NO. DESCRIPTION
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MAIN OBJECTIVE
3 THEORY
4 EXPERIMENT
5 CONCLUSION
6 APPENDIX
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INTRODUCTION
What we call wedge !" l#de #$ e%e"&da& la$g'age a"e called inclined planes #$
(hc)(ea*+ ,"!- !'" e.(e"#e$ce !$ l#de d'"#$g "ece #$ ele-e$ta"& ch!!l/ ledd#$gd!w$ h#ll #$ the w#$te"/ a$d *##$g/ we *$!w that whe$ (e!(le a"e (laced !$ l#((e"&
#$cl#$e/ the& l#de d!w$ the l!(e+ We al! *$!w that l#de ca$ !-et#-e 0e t#c*&/ ! that
whe$ &!' a"e at the t!( !1 the #$cl#$e/ &!' $eed t! g#%e &!'"el1 a ('h t! !%e"c!-e the 1!"ce
!1 tat#c 1"#ct#!$+ A &!' dece$d a t#c*& l#de/ the 1!"ce !1 *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$ !((!e &!'"
-!t#!$+ I$ th# ect#!$/ we w#ll c!$#de" ("!0le- #$%!l%#$g #$cl#$ed (la$e 0!th w#th a$d
w#th!'t 1"#ct#!$+
I$ (hc the"e a"e e%e"al -echa$#- called #-(le -ach#$e+ The #$cl#$ed (la$e #
!$e !1 thee+ Ba#call&/ a #-(le -ach#$e ca$ g#%e &!' a 1!"ce ad%a$tage whe$ &!' a"e
-!%#$g !-eth#$g/ !1te$ l#1t#$g !-eth#$g+ A 2!0 that "e3'#"e a l!t !1 1!"ce ca$ 0e -ade t!
"e3'#"e -'ch le 1!"ce #1 a #-(le -ach#$e # a((l#ed t! the ("!0le-+
A$ #$cl#$ed (la$e whe$ 'ed a a "a-( # a #-(le -ach#$e 0eca'e #t ta*e le 1!"ce
t! ('h a$ !02ect '( the "a-( tha$ t! l#1t #t %e"t#call& t"a#ght '(+ S! a (e"!$ wh! # $!t
t"!$g e$!'gh t! l#1t a 0!. '( t! a h#ghe" le%el c!'ld 0e a0le t! ('h #t '( a l!$g hall!w
"a-( t! the h#ghe" l!cat#!$/ e(ec#all& #1 the 0!. had wheel t! *ee( the 1"#ct#!$ l!w+ The
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"a-( all!w the 2!0 !1 "a##$g the 0!. t! 0e d!$e w#th le 1!"ce tha$ the we#ght !1 the 0!.+
MAIN OBJECTIVE
The !02ect#%e !1 the e.(e"#-e$t a"e t! t'd& the "elat#!$h#( 0etwee$ 1!"ce/ a$gle !1
#$cl#$at#!$ a$d the c!e11#c#e$t !1 1"#ct#!$ 1!" %a"#!' t&(e !1 -ate"#al+
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THEORY
A$ #$cl#$ed (la$e # a #-(le -ach#$e/ c!$#t#$g !1 a l!(#$g '"1ace/ wh!e ('"(!e
# t! "ed'ce the 1!"ce that -'t 0e 4d#"ectl&4 a((l#ed t! "a#e a l!ad+ N!te that the 1!"ce
"e3'#"ed # $!t "ed'ced/ 0't # 4("ead !'t4 t! all!w the a((l#cat#!$ !1 le 1!"ce !%e" a l!$ge"
(e"#!d+ ,"!- th# e.(e"#-e$t the e.(la$at#!$ !1 the 1"ee 0!d& d#ag"a- a0!'t a$ #$cl#$ed
(la$e w#ll "e%eal+
,#g'"e 56 1"ee 0!d& d#ag"a- 1!" tat#c 1"#ct#!$
N!"-al
1!"ce/ N ,"#ct#!$
1!"ce/fs
A((l#ed
1!"ce/ ,
We#ght/ W 7 -g
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T! #de$t#1& the d#11e"e$t 0etwee$ tat#c 1"#ct#!$ a$d *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$/ *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$
act t! "e#t the -!t#!$ !1 a$ !02ect l#d#$g ac"! a '"1ace/ tat#c 1"#ct#!$ # the 1!"ce wh#ch
*ee( a -!t#!$le !02ect 1"!- 0e#$g ('hed !" ('lled ac"! a '"1ace+
,#g'"e 86 1"ee 0!d& d#ag"a- 1!" *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$+
N 7 $!"-al 1!"ce that # (e"(e$d#c'la" t! the (la$e 9N:
, 7 a((l#ed 1!"ce 9N:
fk7 1"#ct#!$ 1!"ce 9N:
W 7 -g 9*g:; - 7 -a !1 !02ect g 7 accele"at#!$ d'e t! g"a%#t&< 7 A$gle !1 ele%at#!$ !1 the (la$e/ -ea'"ed 1"!- the h!"#=!$tal
I1 a 0l!c* # at "et !$ a h!"#=!$tal '"1ace/ #t # acted '(!$ !$l& 0& the $!"-al 1!"ce
a$d the g"a%#tat#!$al 1!"ce+ I1 the '"1ace # #$cl#$ed 0& a -all a$gle/
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Stat#c 1"#ct#!$ c!e11#c#e$t6 ?7
,!" a((l#ed 1!"ce g"eate" tha$ the -a.#-'- 1!"ce !1 tat#c 1"#ct#!$ !" #1 the '"1ace #
#$cl#$ed ! -'ch the 0l!c* ta"t t! l#( a$d the$ the %al'e 1!" 1"#ct#!$ 0ec!-e *#$et#c
1"#ct#!$ 91*: a$d the 0!. # the$ '$de" a $et 1!"ce ! #t ta"t accele"ate+ The 1!"-'la 1!"
*#$et#c 1"#ct#!$6
1*7 ?*N
B& Newt!$@ ec!$d law/
F = Fapplied+ fk= Fapplied- kN = ma7
Fapplied= kN
#$et#c 1"#ct#!$ c!e11#c#e$t6 ?* 7
Coefficient of frictionca$ 0e dete"-#$e 0& '#$g t"#g!$!-et"&/ whe"e/
F = f - kN = ma7
W si! " - kW #$s "7
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k= = %a! " =
EXPERIMENT
Experiment 1
Objective
a: U$de"ta$d the c!$ce(t !1 tat#c 1"#ct#!$ a$d *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$
0: T! dete"-#$e the c!e11#c#e$t !1 tat#c 1"#ct#!$ a$d *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$ 0etwee$ %a"#!'
-ate"#al a$d the e11ect !1 we#ght !$ 1"#ct#!$
Safet! " Preca#tion
a: D! $!t atte-(t t! cha$ge the ett#$g !1 the d#g#tal -ete"+
0: N! 0!d& (a"t h!'ld 0e '$de"$eath the we#ght ha$ge" w#th we#ght+
c: E$'"e the ad2'ta0le l#d#$g 0a" # ("!(e"l& ec'"ed 0e1!"e c!$d'ct#$g the
e.(e"#-e$t+
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E$#ipments " %ccessories
a: LS)58 I$cl#$ed (la$e a((a"at'
0: Set !1 we#ght
c: D#g#tal ("!t"act!"
d: D#11e"e$t -ate"#al ca""#e"
Proced#re
5+ Le%el the #$cl#$ed (la$e 9A: t! a h!"#=!$tal (!#t#!$+
8+ Ne.t/ ch!e a (ec#-e$ 9D: a$d "ec!"d #t we#ght a R+
+ The$ (lace the (ec#-e$ !$t! the h!"#=!$tal (la$e 9A:/ !-ewhe"e d!w$ the(la$e+
+ C!$$ect a c!"d t! the (ec#-e$ h!!* a ("!%#ded+
F+ R'$ the c!"d !%e" the ('lle& 9B: a$d (lace the ha$ge" #$t! the !the" e$d !1 the
c!"d+
+ P't a 8g we#ght !$ t! the ha$ge"+
G+ D!e the (ec#-e$ l#de !" -!%e
+ I1 #t d!e $!t/ (lace a$!the" 8g we#ght+
+ Re(eat the ("!ce 0& add#$g we#ght '$t#l the (ec#-e$ l#deK-!%e al!$g the
h!"#=!$tal (la$e+ Rec!"d d!w$ the we#ght ha$ge" we#ght that ca'e the tet
(ec#-e$ t! -!%e #$ c!$ta$t %el!c#t& a ,+ At the a-e t#-e/ ta*e d!w$ the
("e%#!' we#ght ha$ge" we#ght a$d de$!te #t a ,*+
5+ Re(eat te( t! 0& add#$g 5g !1 we#ght !$ t!( !1 the (ec#-e$ 1!" et !1
"e'lt+
55+ Re(eat the e.(e"#-e$t w#th d#11e"e$t tet (ec#-e$+
58+ C!-('te the c!e11#c#e$t !1 tat#c a$d *#$et#c 1"#ct#!$ 1!" all the cae+
Res#lts
&aterial Stainless Steel
R9N: , 9N: ,* 9N: *
8+F855G +G +558 +58 +GG
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+F85G 5+5GG8 +5 +G +885
+5G 5+G + 5+5GG8 +88
F+5G 5+ +55 5+G +8F5
&aterial P'C
R9N: , 9N: ,* 9N: *
+F855 +8 +5 +58 +
5+F55 +F +88 +8 +8F
8+F855 +GG +5 +F +88
+FF55 5+5GG8 +F +GG +8
&aterial &ild Steel
R9N: , 9N: ,* 9N: *
8+G8 +G +8F +58 +G
+GFF8 5+5GG8 +5F +G +8
+G8 5+GG +F8 5+5GG8 +8
F+G5G8 5+ +8 5+GG +85G
&aterial (rass
R9N: , 9N: ,* 9N: *
+F55 5+5GG8 +FG +58 +
+85 5+G +F 5+5GG8 +85
F+85 8+5 + 5+G +8G8
+85 8+5 +5F 8+5 +5F
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&aterial %l#mini#m
R9N: , 9N: ,* 9N: *
+G +F +F5G +58 +5G8
5+GFG +G +G8 +F +8G
8+GFG 5+5GG8 +F +G +8G
+GFG 5+G +F 5+5GG8 +85
)sef#l E$#ation *
Calc'late the c!e11#c#e$t !1 1"#ct#!$ a 1!ll!w6
7 ,KR
* 7 ,*KR
Sample calc#lation
R 9N: 7 We#ght !1 (ec#-e$ 9: X +5
F$& e'ample ma%e&ial (%ai!less s%eel )
We#ght !1 (ec#-e$/ +8FG X +5 7 8+F855G N
R 7 8+F855G N
, 7 ha$ge" we#ght we#ght that ca'e the tet
(ec#-e$ t! -!%e
F$& e'ample6
Ha$ge" we#ght 7 8g +58 N
We#ght that ca'e tet (ec#-e$ -!%e 7 g +F N
, 7 +58 N +F N
7 +G N
,* 7 ("e%#!' we#ght ha$ge" we#ght
7 ,KR
7 +G N K 8 +F855G N
7 +558 N
* 7 ,*KR
7 +58 N K 8 +F855G N
7 +GG N
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F$& e'ample6
P"e%#!' we#ght 7 g N
Ha$ge" we#ght 7 8g +58 N
,* 7 N +58 N
7 +58 N
Experiment +
Objective
a: St'd& the e11ect !1 a$gle !1 #$cl#$at#!$ !$ the c!e11#c#e$t !1 1"#ct#!$
Safet! " Preca#tion
a: D! $!t atte-(t t! cha$ge the ett#$g !1 the d#g#tal -ete"+
0: N! 0!d& (a"t h!'ld 0e '$de"$eath the we#ght ha$ge" w#th we#ght+
c: E$'"e the ad2'ta0le l#d#$g 0a" # ("!(e"l& ec'"ed 0e1!"e c!$d'ct#$g the
e.(e"#-e$t+
E$#ipments " %ccessories
a: LS)58 I$cl#$ed (la$e a((a"at'
0: Set !1 we#ght
c: D#g#tal ("!t"act!"
d: D#11e"e$t -ate"#al ca""#e"
Proced#re
5+ Set the #$cl#$e (la$e t! the "e3'#"ed a$gle 9Le 5F: !1 #$cl#$at#!$ w#th the 'e !1
the d#g#tal a$gle d#(la$g -ete"+
8+ Ne.t/ ch!e a (ec#-e$ 9D: a$d "ec!"d #t we#ght a R+
+ The$ (lace the (ec#-e$ !$t! the h!"#=!$tal (la$e 9A:/ !-ewhe"e ce$te" the
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(la$e+
+ C!$$ect a c!"d t! the (ec#-e$ h!!* a ("!%#ded+
F+ R'$ the c!"d !%e" the ('lle& 9B: a$d (lace the ha$ge" #$t! the !the" e$d !1 thec!"d+
+ P't a 8g we#ght !$ t! the ha$ge"+
G+ D!e the (ec#-e$ l#de !" -!%e
+ I1 #t d!e $!t/ (lace a$!the" 8g we#ght+
+ Re(eat the ("!ce 0& add#$g we#ght '$t#l the (ec#-e$ l#deK-!%e al!$g the
h!"#=!$tal (la$e+ Rec!"d d!w$ the we#ght ha$ge" we#ght that ca'e the tet(ec#-e$ t! -!%e #$ c!$ta$t %el!c#t& a ,+
5+ Re(eat the e.(e"#-e$t w#th d#11e"e$t tet (ec#-e$+
55+ C!-('te the c!e11#c#e$t !1 1"#ct#!$ 1!" all the cae+
Res#lts
%n,le -de,ree 1/0
&aterial R-N R cos -N -N s
&ild Steel +.223+45 +4.56 1.24/5 7.464/
P'C 7./4+116 /.36 7.68+3 7./36
(rass 6.7/1581 +.835 1.5468 7.411
%l#min#m 7.883263 7.841 7.2535 7.258
Sample calc#lation
E.a-(le (ec#-e$ 1"!- M#ld Steel -ate"#al+
R 7 We#ght !1 (ec#-e$ X +5
7 +55g X +5
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7 +GN
9 1/0
R c! 9N: 7 +G N c! 5F
7 +5 N
Ha$ge" we#ght 7 8g +58 N
We#ght that ca'e tet (ec#-e$ -!%e 7 5Gg 5+GG N
-N 9 :an,er ;ei,
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CONCLUSION
O$ the #$cl#$ed (la$e the we#ght # c!$#de"ed a tw! c!-(!$e$t+ O$ the #$cl#$ed
(la$e the ('ll !1 g"a%#t&/ !" the we#ght!1 the !02ect/ d!e tw! th#$g/ that # the we#ght ca'e
the !02ect t! ('h #$t! a$d/ #1 the !02ect l#de/ t! "'0 aga#$t the '"1ace !1 the #$cl#$e a$d
the we#ght ca'e the !02ect t! 0e ('lled d!w$ the la$t !1 the #$cl#$e+
The c!-(!$e$t !1 the we#ght called the (e"(e$d#c'la" 1!"ce ('he the !02ect #$t! the
'"1ace !1 the #$cl#$e+ Th# 1!"ce ca'e the 0!tt!- !1 the !02ect t! "'0 aga#$t the t!( !1 the
#$cl#$e> '"1ace+ The la"ge" th# 1!"ce #/ the la"ge" 1"#ct#!$ w#ll 0e+ The !02ect w#ll $!t -!%e
#$ th# d#"ect#!$ '$le the '"1ace !1 the #$cl#$e/ !" the "a-(/ # $!t t"!$g e$!'gh t!
w#thta$d th# ('h+ I1 the #$cl#$e # t"!$g e$!'gh/ #t w#ll ('h 0ac* e3'all& a$d !((!#tel&
t! th# (e"(e$d#c'la" 1!"ce a$d ("e%e$t the !02ect 1"!- g!#$g th# wa&+ I1 the #$cl#$e # $!t
t"!$g e$!'gh/ l#*e #1 &!' ('t a$ ele(ha$t !$ a "a-( -ade !1 !da c"ac*e"/ th# 1!"ce w!'ld
c"'h the #$cl#$e+
The c!-(!$e$t !1 the we#ght called the (a"allel 1!"ce ('ll the !02ect d!w$ the#$cl#$e+ W#th!'t 1"#ct#!$/ th# 1!"ce w!'ld ca'e the !02ect t! accele"ate d!w$ the #$cl#$e+ I1
1"#ct#!$ wa ("ee$t 0't le tha$ th# (a"allel 1!"ce/ the$ the"e w!'ld t#ll 0e a$ accele"at#!$
d!w$ the #$cl#$e/ 0't #t w!'ld 0e le !1 a$ accele"at#!$ tha$ &!' w!'ld ee !$ a 1"#ct#!$le
#$cl#$ed (la$e+ I$ !-e cae tat#c/ !" ta"t#$g/ 1"#ct#!$ c!'ld 0e g"eate" tha$ th# (a"allel
1!"ce/ a$d the !02ect w!'ld $!t ta"t t! -!%e+
Th'/ what we ca$ c!$cl'de 1"!- th# e.(e"#-e$t a"e the"e@ a$ e.t"a 1!"ce t! deal
w#th+ The 1!"ce !1 1"#ct#!$ w#ll !((!e the d!w$h#ll c!-(!$e$t !1 the g"a%#tat#!$al 1!"ce+ I1
http://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/weight/weight.htmlhttp://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/weight/weight.html -
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the 1!"ce !1 g"a%#t& # t"!$g e$!'gh t! !%e"c!-e the 1!"ce !1 1"#ct#!$/ the !02ect w#ll
accele"ate d!w$ the (la$e+ Beca'e the tw! -ae a"e c!$$ected 0& a "!(e/ we *$!w that
the& w#ll ha%e the a-e %el!c#t& a$d accele"at#!$+ We al! *$!w that the te$#!$ #$ the "!(e #
c!$ta$t th"!'gh!'t #t le$gth+ Beca'e / we *$!w that whe$ the &te- #"eleaed 1"!- "et/ -a* w#ll -!%e d!w$wa"d a$d -a m w#ll l#de '( the #$cl#$ed (la$e+
REFERENCES
www+lh'(+ed'Kd#-a$e*Kce$a"#!Kla0-a$5K#$c(la$e+ht-
=!$ala$ded'cat#!$+c!-K-t-K(hcK-echa$#cK1!"ceK#$cl#$edPla$eK#$cl#$edPla$e+
ht-l
www+(a"*$!te+c!-Ktet("e(K0!!*Kat8K(hcKcha(te"ect#!$+"ht-l
APPENDIX
http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/labman1/incplane.htmhttp://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/inclinedPlane/inclinedPlane.htmlhttp://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/inclinedPlane/inclinedPlane.htmlhttp://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/physics/chapter8section3.rhtmlhttp://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/labman1/incplane.htmhttp://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/inclinedPlane/inclinedPlane.htmlhttp://zonalandeducation.com/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/inclinedPlane/inclinedPlane.htmlhttp://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/physics/chapter8section3.rhtml -
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