Download - Indian Political System by Subhash Kashyap
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PresentationPresentation
byby
Dr.Dr. SubhashSubhash C.C. KashyapKashyap
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It is necessary that we, the people of India,It is necessary that we, the people of India,
know about the political system under whichknow about the political system under whichwe live and are governed. In a democracy,we live and are governed. In a democracy,
citizens have to be wide awake and aware ofcitizens have to be wide awake and aware of
e r er es, r g s an respons es.e r er es, r g s an respons es.Ultimately, the success of our political systemUltimately, the success of our political system
will depend largely on our willingness towill depend largely on our willingness to
understand the system andunderstand the system and become activebecome activeparticipants in the democratic process.participants in the democratic process.
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IdentifiesIdentifies andand establishesestablishes thethe organsorgans andand unitsunits ofofthethe statestate
Executive,Executive, thethe LegislatureLegislature andand thethe JudiciaryJudiciary
DistributesDistributes powerspowers betweenbetween thethe UnionUnion andand thetheunitsunits andand regulatesregulates relationshipsrelationships betweenbetween themthem
EstablishesEstablishes accountabilityaccountability andand relationshiprelationship ofof thetheorgansorgans ofof thethe StateState withwith thethe peoplepeople..
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Political systemPolitical system ggenerallyenerally denotes the structure ofdenotes the structure ofinstitutions that constitute the State and itsinstitutions that constitute the State and its
Government.Government. ItIt delineates the framework and form ofdelineates the framework and form ofinterinter--relationships between institutions and organs ofrelationships between institutions and organs of
the Statethe State--the Legislature, the Executive and thethe Legislature, the Executive and theJudiciaryJudiciary--and the linkage of each with the people.and the linkage of each with the people.PoliticalPolitical system gives shape and form to somesystem gives shape and form to some
fundamental principles round which politics andfundamental principles round which politics and
po ca ns u ons ave eve ope or are propose opo ca ns u ons ave eve ope or are propose obe organized to govern the country.be organized to govern the country. ItIt also consists ofalso consists ofthe manner in which the rulers are selected or elected,the manner in which the rulers are selected or elected,governments are formed and political decisions taken.governments are formed and political decisions taken.
PoliticalPolitical interactions in society and structures andinteractions in society and structures andprocedures for decision making are all rooted in aprocedures for decision making are all rooted in acountrys political system.countrys political system.
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SovereigntySovereignty vestingvesting inin thethe peoplepeople atat largelarge uncontrolleduncontrolled andand unregulatedunregulated isis likelike thethe vastvastenergyenergy inin aa wildwild mountainousmountainous riverriver runningrunning
downdown thethe hillshills inin itsits fullfull forceforce andand furyfury causingcausingextensiveextensive damagedamage andand devastationdevastation..
PoliticalPolitical systemsystem isis likelike aa damdam thatthat givesgives shapeshape
andand contentcontent toto thethe sovereignsovereign willwill ofof thethe peoplepeopleandand institutionalisesinstitutionalises itit toto provideprovide securitysecurity andandpublicpublic wealweal..
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PoliticalPolitical systemsystem isis aa dynamic,dynamic, everever--growinggrowing
process,process, nothingnothing staticstatic oror inertinert.. AA livingliving organismorganism ofof functioningfunctioning institutionsinstitutions
gettinggetting newnew meaningsmeanings andand contentcontent fromfrom thethe
mannermanner nn w cw c anan ee peop epeop e yy w omw om ssworkedworked fromfrom generationgeneration toto generationgeneration..
ChangesChanges andand growthgrowth comecome throughthrough
ConstitutionalConstitutional AmendmentsAmendments andand lawslaws byby LegislaturesLegislaturesInterpretationInterpretation byby CourtsCourts
OperationOperation byby ExecutiveExecutive institutionsinstitutions atat variousvarious levelslevels
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MonarchyMonarchy
Aristocracy/oligarchyAristocracy/oligarchy Authoritarian/Totalitarian/DictatorialAuthoritarian/Totalitarian/Dictatorial
Democrac : Worst Form exce t that none betterDemocrac : Worst Form exce t that none better
About forms of government, let fools contestAbout forms of government, let fools contest
whateverwhatever is best administered is the bestis best administered is the best
-- PopePope
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Direct/Representative/ParticipatoryDirect/Representative/Participatory Federal/UnitaryFederal/Unitary
RepublicanRepublican
Presidential/ParliamentaryPresidential/Parliamentary
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UniqueUnique doesdoes notnot fitfit intointo anyany oneone modelmodel
CompromiseCompromise betweenbetween PresidentialPresidential andand ParliamentaryParliamentary
FederalFederal andand UnitaryUnitary
RepublicanRepublican && ParliamentaryParliamentary Republican,Republican, quasiquasi--federalfederal,, representative,representative,
parliamentaryparliamentary..
NotNot builtbuilt onon thethe plinthplinth ofof countryscountrys pastpast continuationcontinuation ofof thethe BritishBritish colonialcolonial modelmodel transfertransfer ofof powerpower notnot toto thethe peoplepeople..
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VeryVery broadlybroadly thethe adultadult population,population, ii..ee..,, thosethosewhowho havehave attainedattained thethe ageage ofof 1818,, constituteconstitute thetheelectorateelectorate;; theythey electelect thethe membersmembers ofof thethe LokLokSabhaSabha andand thethe LegislativeLegislative AssembliesAssemblies ofof theirtheirStatesStates.. TheThe StateState Assemblies,Assemblies, inin turn,turn, electelect thethe
membersmembers ofof thethe RajyaRajya SabhaSabha.. TheThe PresidentPresident isiselectedelected byby anan electoralelectoral collegecollege consistingconsisting ofof thetheelectedelected membersmembers ofof thethe RajyaRajya SabhaSabha,, thethe LokLokSabhaSabha andand thethe LegislativeLegislative AssembliesAssemblies ofof thetheStatesStates.. HeHe isis thethe nominalnominal oror thethe constitutionalconstitutional
ContinuedContinued
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ContinuedContinued
executive,executive, thethe realreal oror thethe politicalpolitical executiveexecutivebeingbeing thethe CouncilCouncil ofof MinistersMinisters.. TheThe ministersministers arearefromfrom ParliamentParliament andand collectivelycollectively responsibleresponsible totothethe LokLok SabhaSabha.. TheThe judgesjudges ofof thethe SupremeSupreme CourtCourtandand ofof thethe Hi hHi h CourtsCourts areare toto bebe a ointeda ointed bb
thethe PresidentPresident butbut thethe SupremeSupreme CourtCourt hashas heldheldthatthat thethe decisivedecisive authorityauthority inin thethe mattermatter wouldwouldvestvest inin thethe JudicialJudicial WingWing..
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SurvivalSurvival potentialpotential
DynamismDynamism,, resilience,resilience, conflictconflict resolutionresolution mechanismmechanism AbilityAbility toto adjustadjust andand accommodateaccommodate
AbilitAbilit toto faceface crisescrises -- bothboth internalinternal andand
external,external, naturalnatural andand manman--mademade withstandingwithstandingseveralseveral aggressionsaggressions
PreservationPreservation ofof freedom,freedom, rulerule ofof law,law, democracy,democracy,
secularismsecularism andand unityunity andand integrityintegrity ofof thethe nationnation
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PreservationPreservation ofof FreedomFreedom ofof InstitutionsInstitutions IndependenceIndependence ofof JudiciaryJudiciary
FreedomFreedom ofof thethe PressPress IntegrationIntegration andand ReorganizationReorganization ofof StatesStates LiberationLiberation ofof FrenchFrench && PortuguesePortuguese possessionspossessions inin
EconomicEconomic development,development, solvingsolving thethe foodfood problemproblem DevelopmentDevelopment ofof aa meaningfulmeaningful foreignforeign policypolicy 1515 FreeFree && FairFair GeneralGeneral ElectionsElections
PeacefulPeaceful TransfersTransfers ofof PowerPower LandLand ReformsReforms && abolitionabolition ofof ZamindariZamindari LocalLocal SelfSelf GovtGovt.. NagarNagar PalikasPalikas && PanchayatsPanchayats
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9595 ConstitutionalConstitutional AmendmentsAmendments oneone everyevery 77
monthsmonths OverOver 120120 failuresfailures ofof ConstitutionalConstitutional machinerymachinery
PresidentsPresidents rulerule
StrainsStrains inin RelationsRelations betweenbetween UnionUnion andand StatesStates Judiciary,Judiciary, LegislatureLegislature andand ExecutiveExecutive conflictsconflicts
andand controversiescontroversies
MisuseMisuse ofof EmergencyEmergency provisionsprovisionsContinued
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Continued
Disconnect between the people and the politicians
DemocracyDemocracy && FreedomFreedom underunder threatthreat
GovernanceGovernance DeficitDeficit DisdainDisdain && disregarddisregard forforordinaryordinary citizenscitizens
Insecurity,Insecurity, illiteracy,illiteracy, poverty,poverty, unemploymentunemployment andand
Devaluation of values and de-institutionalizationof institutions
Parliament, Council of Ministers & Prime Minister
Judicial system- Delays, costs
Continued
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Criminalization, corruption, casteism andcommunalism
Erosion of representational legitimacy of
RoleRole ofof Money,Money, MuscleMuscle andand MafiaMafia powerpower 300300crorepatiscrorepatis inin LokLok SabhaSabha,, manymany multipliedmultiplied theirtheirwealthwealth && assetsassets inin 55 yrsyrs,, 175175 withwith criminalcriminal
backgroundbackground..
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NationNation isis passingpassing throughthrough criticalcritical timestimes..OurOur politicalpolitical systemsystem isis underunder severesevere strainstrain..ThereThere isis aa crisiscrisis ofof confidenceconfidence.. FaithFaith ofof thethe
,,governmentalgovernmental institutionsinstitutions andand ofof publicpublicfunctionariesfunctionaries standsstands seriouslyseriously erodederoded.. TheThe lifelife ofofthethe ordinaryordinary citizencitizen isis gettinggetting moremore andand moremore
miserablemiserable.. TheThe casecase forfor politicalpolitical reformsreforms isisunassailableunassailable..
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THANKTHANK
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