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Indiana Soil & Water
Forest Conservation & Stewardship Strategy Forum
By: Duane McCoy
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Indiana Soil & Water
• Forests and water quality go hand in hand
• Forests and water quality in Indiana– Forest History in Indiana
– Comparison of land uses in Indiana
• Indiana Forestry Best Management Practices– What are they?
– How do they work?
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Forests & Water Go Hand-in-Hand
• In the 1890’s Gifford Pinchot believed forests should be valued because their effect upon climate, floods, runoff, and erosion.
• In 1897 the National Forest Commission recommended establishment of 13 forest reserves for timber, water supply, and flood prevention
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Forests & Water Go Hand-in-Hand
• Indiana State Forests were created through legislation to manage the forests for watershed protection, recreation, wildlife, and timber.
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Forests & Water Quality in Indiana
• Forest History in Indiana
– Indiana is approximately 23,157,000 acres in total area
– In pre-settlement times approximately 85%, or 19,683,450 acres of Indiana were forested.
– By 1900, the forested acreage of Indiana had been literally cut down to an estimated 7%, or 1,620,990 acres
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Forests & Water Quality in Indiana
• Forest History in Indiana
– Since 1900 legislation in Indiana and the
United States has helped Indiana get to an
estimated 20%, or 4,553,800 acres, forested
through programs to help landowners plant
and manage their private forests, and by
public entities buying or keeping abandoned
land and managing it as forest (Miles, 2004;
Verry et al., 2000; Tormoehlen et al., 1998).
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Forests & Water Quality in Indiana
Percent of Rural land in Different Land Use
Catagories
Cropland
Pastureland
CRP land
Forestland Other rural
land
Cropland
CRP land
Pastureland
Forestland
Other rural land
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Forests & Water Quality in Indiana
Total Erosion from Different Rural Land Use
Catagories
3.40
0.70
0.070.30
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
Cropland CRP land Pastureland *Forestland
Land Use Catagory
ton
s/a
cre
/year
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Forests & Water Quality in Indiana
Indiana major contributor to the Gulf of Mexico’s Hypoxia Zone
Nitrogen Loss Phosphorus Loss
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Indiana Forestry Best Management
Practices
• What are they?
– Design and operational techniques throughout a timber harvest for:
• Water Management - overland flow
• Soil Management - sediment deposition
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Indiana Forestry Best Management
Practices
• How do they work?
– Minimize soil disturbance• Planning• Construction and layout
• Closeout
– Maintain water quality• Using the forest floor as a filter• Managing water movement
• Keeping runoff from entering the water
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Indiana Soil & Water
• Forests and water quality go hand in hand
• Forests and water quality in Indiana– Forest History in Indiana
– Comparison of land uses in Indiana
• Indiana Forestry Best Management Practices– What are they?
– How do they work?