Download - Industrial Unions in Korea
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Industrial Unions in Korea
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Korea Health & Medical Workers’ Union (KHMU)bogun.nodong.org
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KHMU• Many hospitals were unionized in 1987• Korean Federation of Hospital Unions (KFHU) in 1988-1998 – Over 100 hospital unions belonging to KFHU
• Transformed into industrial union, KHMU in February 1998– 140 hospital branches belonging to one union, KHMU
• First industrial agreement in 2004 after 2-week industrial strike with 10,000 members
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KHMU• Established as federation 1988• Transformed into industrial union in 1998• 140 hospitals• 40,000 members• 11 regional offices• 50 full-time activists (25 persons at HQ)• 300 full-time union officers at workplace level• 8% of unionization rate (500,000 workers in healthcare sector)• Union dues: 1 % of monthly wage (around 15 USD) + solidarity fund• 50% for workplace union, 40% for HQ, 10% for regional offices• Yearly budget: USD 4 million• 5 departments: administration & finance, policy & planning, organizing, education & public relations, precarious workers, external relations
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Struggle coordinated and guided by KHMU
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KHMU press conference
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KHMU industrial bargaining
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KHMU campaign for 5-day workweek
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Korea Metal Workers’ Union(KMWU)
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KMWU• Korean Federation of Metal Trade Unions (KFMU) established in 1998 with 200,000 members, after the merger among metal union federation, auto union federation and Hyundai Group union federation. • Some company unions inside KFMU was transformed into KMWU in 2001 with 30,000 members. • Most company unions dissolved company union structure and joined KMWU in 2006, resulting in the KMWU membership with 158,000 members.
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KMWU• Membership decline– 153,013 members in September 2008– 136,132 members as of November 2011 in 238 unionized companies– 135,000 members as of June 2013
• 4 sectors: – Auto: 90,000 members– Shipbuilding: 10,000 members– Steel: 10,000 members– General manufacturing: 20,000 members
• 19 branches– 14 regional branches– 5 company branches
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KMWU Structure
240 companies
14 regional branches5 company branches
HQ4 sectorsAutoShipbuildingSteelmanufacturing
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KMWU Manpower• Leadership
– 1 president, first vice president, general secretary– 5 general vice presidents, 1 woman vice president
• 7 departments– policy planning, external relations, public relations, education, health & safety, precarious workers, organizing
• Full-timers– 90 activists are employed by KMWU– 70 leaders are dispatched from company-level unions to upper-level unions such as KMWU HQ and regional branches– 1,000 full-timers at workplace level
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KMWU Finance38,000,000,000
Korea won
= 35,000,000 US dollar
1% of normal wage
48% at company level
18% at regional branch level
16% at HQ level
18% for several funds
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Collective Bargaining• Central bargaining– KMWU HQ and metal employers
association– 20,000 members are covered
• KMWU and big company bargaining• Regional branch bargaining• Company-level bargaining
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KCTUKorean Confederation of Trade Unions
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KCTU• 16 regional offices• 16 industrial unions or federations• 700,000 members
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KCTU affiliates1. Construction and building union2. Public service & transport union3. Civil servant union4. Professor union5. CAL professor union6. Metal union (KMWU)7. University union8. General union
9. Healthcare union (KHMU)10.Private service union11.Financial and clerical union12.Press union13.Chemical & textile union14.Information & technology union15.Teachers union16.Women union
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Importance of Union Structure• Individual worker Vs United workers• Capitalist with money and capital• Workers united at
– Factory– Company– Industry– National– Global
• Forms of Union Structure– Factory– Company– regional– Industry– National– Global
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Company unionism1. Employee organization2. HR management unit3. Small-sized and scattered4. Decentralized and narrow-minded5. Weak bargaining power6. Limited struggle power7. Poor influence over government8. Poor consciousness and poor strategy
Industrial unionism1. Workers organization2. National union in industry3. Big-sized (class organization)4. Unified and centralized5. Strong bargaining power6. Industry/nation-wide struggle 7. Industrial policy and social system change8. High consciousness and effective strategy / ideology