Innovation Ecosystem Assessment
Webinar 16.12.2016
Contact information:Dr. Thomas Reiss (Fraunhofer ISI, Karlsruhe)+49 721 6809 160 [email protected]
Objectives
• Provide background information and practical guidance for elaborating an assessment of the Innovation Ecosystem
• For that purpose 4 question will be dealt with:– What is an Innovation Ecosystem (IE)
– Why is it important?
– How to assess it?
– How to come to conclusions and action points?
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Overview
• What is an Innovation Ecosystem?
• Why is it important?
• How to assess it?
• Material facilitating the assessment
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What is an Innovation Ecosystem?
• The innovation system in which an DIH is operating
• Composed of all actors which are relevant for innovation via– Providing input and supply to innovation
– Articulating demand for innovation
– Setting framework conditions for innovation
• Characterised by linkages and interactions between actors
• Guided by political, legal, societal, economic, environmental framework conditions
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What?Why?How?Material
The current scientific perception of IE ...
9-3-2017 Webinar Innovation Ecosystem Assessment 5
InfrastructureICT, Internet, databases, Co-
Creation Platforms …
InstitutionsIPR, standards, norms
CultureSocial and relational capitalValues, lifestyles, attitudes
Innovation Frameworks
PoliciesPs influencing innovation
framework conditions (RTI) and demand patterns (energy, environment,
mobility, health, defense, home …)
EducationPublic and private educators
on all levels
FinancersBanks, venture capital, philanthropists, crowds
Innovation Input
Innovation Supply
and Demand
MediatorsApplied research, Clubs,
associations, trade unions, cluster managers, NGOs
ResearchUniversities, RTOs, citizen
scientists ...
SocietyConsumers, User Innovators
Social Entrepreneurs, Collaborative innovators, citizens
Public SectorPS actors generating and demanding innovation
Cities, hospitals, administrations …
BusinessFirms of all sizes and sectors generating and demanding
innovation
What?Why?How?Material
Warnke et al. 2016
... takes account of recent trends in innovation thinking
• User innovation
• Social innovation (social benefit, other ways of doing)
• Collaborative innovation (commons based peer production, open source...)
• New innovation intermediaries (clusters, clubs, trade unions, crowds...)
• Venture philanthropy
• Social and relational capital (prerequisites and capabilities for interaction)
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What?Why?How?Material
Why is it important? (1)
• Innovation does not evolve in a vacuum. • Innovation does not proceed in a linear mode from basic
research to applied research, to development, to design, to production until marketing.
• Innovation is not generated by a single “innovator” Rather, innovation processes are characterised by a broad variety of
linkages, interactions and feedbacks between a diverse set of actors and activities.
Companies are not part of a single industry, but members of an innovation system that is composed of diverse actors which together create and capture new value through both collaboration and competition.
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What?Why?How?Material
Why is it important? (2)
• Digital Innovation Hubs (DIH) are embedded in an Innovation Ecosystem (implicit or explicit).
• It is crucial for DIH to develop and improve their Innovation Ecosystem in order to operate in a most efficient way.
• Ecosystem assessment as important first step (see experience from pilot HUBs).
• Added value for DIH: Identify weak points and gaps within the regional system that hamper
operation of DIH in order to create and support innovation. Support developing strategies and implementing measures for
enhancing the regional Innovation Ecosystem in a systematic way based on a gap analysis.
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What?Why?How?Material
How to assess the Innovation Ecosystem?
Five steps towards the assessment:
1. Overview
2. Inventory of functions and actors
3. Cooperation network
4. SWOT
5. Conclusions on action points
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What?Why?How?Material
1. Overview
Provide a short description of ecosystem, include• Geographic delineation• Size (population)• Main economic sectors
– Industrial sector in the region
• Characteristics related to the socio-cultural context, e.g.: – attitude towards innovation– openness– traditions– lifestyle– other relevant considerations
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (1)
Based on innovation system framework (slide 5) identify and characterise
• Key functions and
• Key actors of the Innovation Ecosystem
Use the following tables (provided as template)
If necessary, provide additional comments as bullet points
Prepare draft inventory based on desk research
Discuss results during DIH meeting/workshop
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (2)
Overview: Innovation input and supply categories
• Education and training institutes
• Research, technology and innovation actors
• Capital providers, funding
• Intermediary organisations
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2. Inventory of functions and actors (3)Innovation input and supply
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Education and training
Schools Education
Universities Training, skills
Vocational education Training, skills
Continuing training Training, skills
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (3)Innovation input and supply - example
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Education and training
Schools Education
Universities JagiellonianUniversity, Departments of Applied Computer Science.
Krakow, Poland 200 IT tools IT-Training, IT-skills
Crakow University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Krakow, Poland 70 Robotics Training in robotics technologies
Vocational education Continuing Education Centre for Computer Applications
Krakow, Poland 20 IT, robotics, manufacturing
Training, skills
Continuing training Training, skills
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong) 4
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (4)Innovation input and supply
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Research, Technology and Innovation actors
Universities Technology development, technology dissemination
RTO Technology development, technology adaptation, technology dissemination
Citizen scientists Technology development
Business research Technology development, technology adaptaion
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (5)Innovation input and supply
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Capital providers/funding
Banks Provide finance
VC Provide finance
Crowds Provide finance
Philanthropists Provide finance
Public bodies (national, international)
Provide funding
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (6)Innovation input and supply
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Intermediary organisations
Associations Provide brokerage
Clubs Provide brokerage
Trade unions Training, skills
Clusters Provide brokerage
NGOs Training, skills, market formation
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
Overview of innovation demand actors
• Business actors
• Societal actors
• Public sector actors
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2. Inventory of functions and actors (7)Innovation demand
2. Inventory of functions and actors (8)Innovation demand
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Business actors Large firms NN1 City-1 10,000 employees OEM, automotive Demand: processes, technologies
SME Technology application
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong) 3
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (9)Innovation demand
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Societal actors Consumers n/a n/a 3 Million (potential consumers)
n/a Market formation
Elder population n/a n/a n/a Demand for ICT supported assistance
Chambers of Commerce
Environmental organisations
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
n/a. not applicable
2. Inventory of functions and actors (10)Innovation demand
Actor category Actor type Name Location Size (number of staff or persons, finance/year)
Core competencies (technologies, services, processes, advice, consulting, regulation etc.)
Role (also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Public sector actors Local government (Cities)
City X public transport agency
City X 10 employees Regulation, managing transport infrastructure
ICT for urban mobility
Regional government (Provinces, districts)
Department of finance
City Y 15 employees Regulation E-government tools
National government
Ministry of education
City Z 200 employees Public administration, regulation
E-learning tools
Hospitals Children’s hospital City X 300 employees Providing health care, diseases of children
E-health solutions
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
Innovation framework overview
• Innovation infrastructure
• Institutions for innovation
• Policies for innovation
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2. Inventory of functions and actors (11)Innovation framework
2. Inventory of functions and actors (12)Innovation framework
Category Sub-category Name Location Role(also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Infrastructure ICT Provide infrastructure
Database Provide infrastructure
Internet Provide infrastructure
Manufacturing equipment Provide infrastructure
Pilot production Provide infrastructure
Laboratories Provide infrastructure
Demonstration Provide infrastructure
Other
Institutions IPR Regional, National, EU, World?
Standards Regional, National, EU, World?
Norms Regional, National, EU, World?
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
2. Inventory of functions and actors (13)Innovation framework
Category Sub-category Name Location Role(also relates to the key functions of the DIH)
Policies Influencing innovation framework conditions
RegionalNationalEUWorld?
Influencing demand patterns (e.g. energy, health, mobility)
RegionalNationalEUWorld?
Other
Summary assessment of actor category (1: very weak, 2: weak, 3: average, 4: strong, 5: very strong)
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What?Why?How?Material
3. Cooperation network (1)
Analyse and illustrate the interactions between the different actors of the innovation system:
Step 1: use the following tables (slides 26-31) for the analysis, use the inventory of actors collected in preceding tables (slides 13-24) (copy & paste actors)
Step 2: illustrate the cooperation network with a graph according to the example in slide 33
Prepare draft network (desk research) and discuss results at DIH meeting/workshop
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What?Why?How?Material
3. Cooperation network (2)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction(specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d,
no
rm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Education and training
Schools
LaShare Gym 2010 Bluecity 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Universities
Jagiellonian University, Departments of Applied Computer Science.
2014 Krakow, Poland
0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vocational education
Continuing training
Other
9-3-2017 Webinar Innovation Ecosystem Assessment 26
What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
3. Cooperation network (3)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction (specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d,
no
rm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Research, technology and innovation actors
Universities
RTO
Citizen scientists
Business research
Other
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What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
3. Cooperation network (4)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction (specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d,
no
rm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Intermediary organisations
Robotics Trade Union 2015 City X, Country Y
0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Greenpeace 2016 City X, Country
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
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What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
3. Cooperation network (5)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction (specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d,
no
rm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Business actors
Large firms
Siemens 2010 Poznan, Poland
0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
KUKA Robotics 2014 Katowice, Poland
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
SME
Other
Societal actors
Chamber of Commerce 2014 Poznan, Poland
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
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What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
3. Cooperation network (6)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction (specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d,
no
rm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Public sector actors
Local government (Cities)
City X public transport agency
2015 City X 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Regional government (Provinces, districts)
Nationa government
Hospitals
Children’s hospital 2015 City X 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other
9-3-2017 Webinar Innovation Ecosystem Assessment 30
What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
3. Cooperation network (7)Type and name of actor Since
when (year)
Location (city, country)
Type of interaction (specify with 0,1,2,3)
Innovation demand
Innovation input Innovation framework
Kn
ow
led
ge
Tech
no
logy
Equ
ipm
ent
Man
po
wer
Fin
ance
Infr
astr
uct
ure
IPR
Stan
dar
d, n
orm
Reg
ula
tio
n
Po
licy
sup
po
rt
Policy makers
Influencing innovation framework conditions
Influencing demand patterns (e.g. energy, health, mobility
9-3-2017 Webinar Innovation Ecosystem Assessment 31
What?Why?How?Material
Instructions:• 0 = absent• 1 = weak• 2= strong• 3= very strong
Innovation demand not specified into sub-categories
9-3-2017 Webinar Innovation Ecosystem Assessment 32
SA: societal actorLF: large firmH: hospitalU: universityTU: trade unionPM: policy maker
Innovation demandInnovation inputInnovation framework
Example: visualised cooperation network based on data collected in previous tables (slides 26-31)
DIH-x
SA-1
SA-2
SME-3SME-2
SME-4
SME-1
LF-2
LF-1
H-1
U-1
U-2
TU-1 VC-1
VC-2
RTO-1
RTO-2
PM-1
What?Why?How?Material
4. SWOT analysis, principles
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What?Why?How?Material
4. SWOT analysis in practise (1)
• Format: DIH workshop, half day
• 10-15 participants
• Start with external dimension Opening up minds
Information also relevant for business plan
• Proceed with internal dimension
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What?Why?How?Material
4. SWOT analysis in practise (2)
• Strengths and weaknesses should include results of a gap analysis of the Innovation Ecosystem.
• The gap analysis should answer the following questions: Which functions are weak or missing?
Which key actors are weak or missing?
Which interactions are weak or missing?
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What?Why?How?Material
5. Conclusions and action points
• Based on the SWOT analysis draw conclusions.
• Identify key action points for enhancing the structure and function of the Innovation Ecosystem: Actions to overcome internal weaknesses and external threats
Action needed to build an effective DIH network
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What?Why?How?Material
Material
• Template (word-document) for carrying out the analysis and presenting the results
• Templates (ppt) for cooperation network and SWOT
• Background paper with more information about Innovation Ecosystems
• Literature if interested
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What?Why?How?Material
References
• Edquist, C. (2005): Systems of Innovation. Perspectives and Challenges. In: Fagerberg, J.; Mowery, D.C.; Nelson, R.R. (Eds.): The Oxford Handbook of Innovation. New York: Oxford University Press, 181-208.
• Moore, James F. (1993): Predators and prey: A new ecology of competition. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/1993/05/predators-and-prey-a-new-ecology-of-competition/ar/1 (last access September 2016).
• Kuhlmann, S.; Arnold, E. (2001): RCN in the Norwegian Research and Innovation System. Background Report No. 12 in the evaluation of the Research Council of Norway. Karlsruhe, Brighton: Fraunhofer ISI, Technopolis.
• Warnke, Philine; Koschatzky, Knut; Dönitz, Ewa; Zenker, Andrea; Stahlecker, Thomas; Som, Oliver; Cuhls, Kerstin; Güth, Sandra (2016): Opening up the innovation system framework towards new actors and institutions. Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI Discussion Papers Innovation Systems and Policy Analysis No. 49, ISSN 1612-1430.
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What?Why?How?Material