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Input Dialog Box
An input dialog box can be used to obtain a single item of input from the user
Presents a window (dialog box) requesting input
Syntax: stringVar = InputBox(prompt, title)
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Example of an Input Dialog BoxPrivate Sub cmdDisplay_Click()
Dim fileName As String, prompt As String, title As String
Dim houseNumber As Single, street As String
prompt = "Enter the name of the file containing the information."
title = "Name of File"
fileName = InputBox(prompt, title)
Open fileName For Input As #1
Input #1, houseNumber
Input #1, street
picAddress.Print "The White House is at"; houseNumber; street
Close #1
End Sub
After executing, an inputdialog box will pop up
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Using Message Dialog Box for Output The message dialog box is used to
present a pop-up window containing information for the user
Syntax: MsgBox prompt, , title
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Example of a Message Dialog Box
MsgBox “Nice try, but no cigar”, , “Consolation”
Stays on thescreen until the user presses OK
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Formatting the Output:
Create easily readable output In the Print method, the spacing of the
output is controlled by the following devices:semicoloncommaTab function
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Semicolons
The next value output is placed in the next column position.
Example:
picOutput.Print “Patrick”; ”Jon”
Output:
PatrickJon
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Example of Semicolon
picOutput.Print “Patrick”; “ Jon”
Output Screen:
Patrick Jon
Space here
Space here
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Example of Semicolon
picOutput.Print 100; -200; 300
Output Screen:
100 -200 300
One space
Two spaces
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Commas
A comma in a Print method causes the next value output to be placed in the next available print zone.
Each print zone is 14 positions wide.
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Using Commas
Example:
picOutput.Print “SEE”, ”YOU”, ”SOON”
Output Screen:
SEE YOU SOON
Column 1
Column 15
Column 29
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Using Commas
A print zone can be skipped by typing consecutive commas
Example:
picOutput.Print “HOURLY”, , “PAY”
Output Screen:
HOURLY PAYColumn 29
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Tab Function
Specifies the column where output will start
Use only semicolons with the Tab function Can only be used to advance the print
position (cannot move backwards)
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Example of Tab Function
Example: picOutput.Print Tab(3); “Hi there!” ; Tab(25) ;“Bye!”
Output Screen:
Hi there! Bye!
Column 3
Column 25
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Built-In Functions
Take one or more input values and return an output value
A means provided by Visual Basic for carrying out small, common tasks
Types of Built-In functionsNumeric functions (manipulate numbers)String functions (manipulate strings)
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Numeric Functions
Rnd Returns a number between 0 and 1 (excluding 1)
Sqr(n) Returns the square root of the number n
Round(n,r) Returns the number n rounded to r decimal places
Int(n) Returns the greatest integer less than or equal to the number n
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Example of Numeric Functions
Private Sub cmdEvaluate_Click() Dim n As Single, root As Single
n = 6.76 root = Sqr(n) picResults.Print root; Int(n); Round(n,1)End Sub
Output: 2.6 6 6.8
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Commonly-Used String Functions
Function: Left(“Penguin”, 4)
Purpose: Returns the number of characters specified, starting at the beginning of the string
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Commonly-Used String Functions
Function: Right(“Cork City”, 4)
Purpose: Returns the number of characters specified from the end of the string
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Commonly-Used String Functions
Function: Mid(“Commissioner”, 4, 3)
Purpose: Returns the substring starting at the position indicated by the first number and continuing for the length specified by the second number
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Commonly-Used String Functions
Function: UCase(“Yes”)
Purpose: Converts any lowercase letters in a string to uppercase
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String-Related Numeric Functions
Function: InStr(“John Smith”, “m”)
Purpose: Searches for the first occurrence of one string in another and gives the position at which the string is found
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String-Related Numeric Function
Function: Len(“John Smith”)
Purpose: Returns the number of characters in the string.
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Format Functions
The format functions provide detailed control of how numbers, dates, and strings are displayed.
Examples FormatNumber (12345.678, 1) 12,345.6 FormatCurrency (12345.678, 2) $12,345.68 FormatPercent (.185, 2) 18.50% FormatNumber (1 + Sqr(2), 3) 2.414
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Format Function
Format (expr, “@……..@”)
Purpose: The value of this function is the value of expr right justified in a field of n spaces, where n is the number of @ symbols.
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Format Examples
Format(12345, “@@@@@”) 12345
Format(123, “@@@@@”) 123
Format(“123.4”, “@@@@@”) 123.4
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FormatDateTime Example
FormatDateTime (“9-15-04”, vbLongDate)
Output: Monday, September 15, 2004
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Rnd Function
Returns a random number from 0 to 1.
(excluding 1).
Example:
picBox.Print Int(6 * Rnd) + 1
Output: Displays a random integer from 1 through 6.