INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
(IPM)
What is IPMIntegrated pest management (IPM) is an
approach to pest control that uses a combination of common sense strategies, instead of chemicals on a regular basis to reduce the number of pests that can cause a health hazard.
Common Sense Approach Building repairsSanitationGood Retail Practices
Goals of an IPM ProgramReduce pest management costsProtect human health by suppressing pests that serve as a vector for diseases,Reduce losses from pest damage, Reduce environmental pollution,Reduce human exposure to pesticides
What you are spending and using for pest control
Many don’t know what the pest control company is usingMany don’t know where the pesticides are being appliedMost spend an average of $100/month on pest control.Most are dependant on monthly serviceSome have weekly service
Problems with PesticidesHow they work They don’t break down easilySome are persistent in the environmentPesticides may breakdown more slowly indoors.
Health EffectsMay aggravate existing respiratory conditionsMuch is unknown about their long term health effectsSome health effects may be due to long term repeated exposureNational Pesticide Telecommunication
Network - 1-800-858-7378
Environmental EffectsGet into your food Stays on surfaces in your kitchenIndoor air qualityMay get into waterways and effect marine life
Problems with pesticide-based programs
Accidental Cross over onto foodBureau of Pesticides does not license applicators for retail food service, just producersMisuse by the operatorResistant bugsMore potent chemicals usedAntibiotic comparison
How To Solve the ProblemWork with pest company to identify pests and recognize the signs of their presence.Deny Entry, Food, Water, and ShelterMonitoringSee if pest company will offer alternative services – sanitationEducate staff
Identify Pests and Recognize the Signs of their Presence
Work with your pest control companyYou should have a basic understanding of the identification, behavior habits, and biology of the target pestsWe don’t expect you to be pest expertsPlace monitoring devices in appropriate areas
FliesAs many as 33 million microorganisms may flourish in a single flies gut, a half-billion more swarm on its body and legsA fly deposits thousands of bacteria each times it landsSanitation is critical to controlling these pests
Fruit Flies and Drain FliesBoth can breed anywhereFemales lay up to 500 eggs which will hatch in one dayAre an indicator of unsanitary conditionsGood sanitation practices are the ONLY way to eliminate these pests
CockroachesReproduce quickly – for everyone you see there can be 200 hiding and multiplying behind the wallsThey are nocturnal – the few you see by day were likely forced out by overcrowdingEggs are naturally protected from insecticides
CockroachesEvery habitat has a capacity to support a certain number of cockroaches – Carrying CapacityBiological forces always aim to maintain the population a that level, regardless of measures taken to reduce the population (pesticide applications)If some cockroaches die after an insecticide application, the reproductive rate will increase to replace those individuals and keep the population near the carrying capacity
What is Sanitation?Not just cleaning and trash removalEliminating sources that cause diseaseFixing structural problemsRegular cleaning of drains, grease traps, etc.Engineering
Entry PointsOne of the first steps in control pests at your establishment is to deny entryWindows and doors have screens in good repairWindows and doors are tight fittingVents have screensHoles and cracks in walls and floors are repairedCheck plumbingSuppliers
Food SourcesAll pests need a source of food to surviveSmall amounts are enough to allow large amounts of pests to surviveA small raisin represents a full day’s nutrition for more than 580 cockroachesMice and cockroaches can easily chew through paper, cardboard and thin plastic containersGrease – ants and cockroaches…
Popular Locations for Food Sources
Trash CansDumpstersFood Preparation areasSinks and Floor drainsDry storage areasBehind fixed equipmentUtensil drawersBulk soda storage area
Water SourcesAll pests need water to surviveOne drop of water a day is all that a cockroach needs to survive
Source of WaterAll types of plumbingFaulty drainsMopsSpongesStacking wet clean pots and other food contact surfacesDrip pans under refrigeratorsCondensation from pipes
Breeding and Harborage AreasRubbish and debris outside the facilityStorage areasPlumbing holes in wallsCluttered break roomsRestrooms
Breeding and Harborage AreasBehind moldingsSmall holes in cabinet doorsAround rubber gasketsBehind equipmentPaper bags and Cardboard boxes
MonitoringPerform daily inspections – use proper tools.Place monitoring traps and devices in correct areasKeep records of what you findEducate staff to report any signs of pests
Your monitoring has revealed a pest problem
How big of a pest infestation is itWhat kind of pest is itCan you find a way to eliminate its harborage conditionsCan you use a non-chemical approach –vacuum cleaners, fly swatters, bug lights
What if the non-chemical approach did not work?I need to use a pesticideAsk your pest control company for a couple different pesticides they recommend usingAsk your pest control company for MSDS for each of their suggestionsRead the label and look for caution, warning, or danger
What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide
Contact the National Pesticide Telecommunication Network for information on the pesticide your pest company recommends usingChoose appropriate application methodsStay away from foggers and similar applicationsTake appropriate precautions to protect food and food contact surfaces before and after the application.
An Effective IPM Program will include
InvestigationActionFollow up
InvestigationInspection – use a flashlightIdentify the pestMonitor
ActionTolerate PreventionNon-chemicalChemical
Follow upEvaluation – did it workEducation – what did I learn
How to Integrate Toxic Use Reduction into Food Establishments?
Education and training Possible RegulationsOngoing reinforcement through inspections
Food Code RequirementsFC 6-501.111 – Critical ViolationThe presence of insects, rodents, and other pests shall be controlled and minimize their presence by
Routinely inspecting incoming shipments of food and supplies Routinely inspecting the premises for evidence of pestsEliminating harborage conditions
Food Code RequirementsUsing methods, if pests are found, such as trapping devices or other means of pest control as specified under ξξ 7-202.12, 7-206.12, and 7-206.13:
Used according to law and this codeLabel states that use is allowed in a food establishmentAdditional conditions that may be established by the regulatory authority
Food Code RequirementsApplied so that:
A hazard to employees or other persons is not constituted, andContamination including toxic residues due to drip, drain, fog, splash, or spray on food, equipment, utensils, linens, and single-service and single-use articles is prevented and for a restricted-use pesticide, this is achieved by
Food Code RequirementsRemoving the itemsCovering the items with impermeable covers, orTaking other appropriate preventative actions, andCleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils after the application
Possible RegulationsAll food establishments will be required to have MSDS available for all pesticides and cleaners used in the establishmentThe Board of Health, may, at its discretion, employ a pest professional or require an establishment to employ a pest control professional to identify pest control problems and code related violations during food establishment inspections
All food establishments with a known pest infestation will be required to submit an integrated pest management plan, to be approved by the Board of Health, Including the following
Identification of factors contributing to harborageInspection by a certified pest management professional Plan of action to address immediate problem and to prevent further infestations