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Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri NetsK. Sarshar1, Th. Theling2, P. Loos1, M. Jerrentrup3
1 Institute for Information Systems (IWi) at DFKI, Saarbruecken2 Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Information Systems & Management3 Interactive Software Solutions, Saarbruecken
Funded by
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Exapmle Conclusion
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© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Example Conclusion
![Page 4: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
Architecture for Collaborative Scenarios
01.10.2003 – 30.09.2006
new modeling methods • integrative architecture
reference models • software platform • showcases
for the improvement of collaboration in cooperations
Architecture for Collaborative Scenarios
01.10.2003 – 30.09.2006
new modeling methods • integrative architecture
reference models • software platform • showcases
for the improvement of collaboration in cooperations
Funded by
![Page 5: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Example Conclusion
![Page 6: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
SituationSituation
Architecture for Collaborative Scenarios (Theling et al. 2005)
Configuration of Business Processes and Organisational Structures
Management and Controlling of Collaborations
Common Execution of Collaborative Processes
Common Available Repository
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SituationSituation
Modeling of Business Processes and Organization Structures Considering Individual Interest of Collaboration Partners Using Different Tools for Modeling, e.g. ARIS Toolset
Storing of Models in Collaboration-Wide Unique Notations Business Process Models
• Business Process Modeling Notation (White, 2004)
• BPEL as XML-Notation is too powerful for our requirements• Defining specific XML-Format (BPMN-XML)
Organizational Models• Value Added Nets, “Organization Modeling Notation”• Defining specific XML-Format (OMN-XML)
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SituationSituation
Business Process Model
Object Petri Net
Object Net System Net
Formalization
Visualization
Org-ChartEPC
V
V
Organizational Model
PNML Converter
BPMN-XML OMN-XML
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Discussed TopicsDiscussed Topics
Question How can Organizational and Business Process Models be
simulated?• Verification
• Evaluating Lead Times, Costs, Resource Usage
• Identifying Interdependencies and Bottle Necks
Aim Integration of Business Process and Organizational Models for
Simulation Target Notation: XML-Noted Object Petri Nets (PNML)
(Billington et al. 2003)
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Exapmle Conclusion
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Object Petri NetsObject Petri Nets
Token = Active Objects (“Object Net”, ON) (Valk 1996 u.a.)
Object Net can Fire without Firing Transitions in the System Net
Modeling on Different Levels
p6
<i4>
t7
t1
t2 t4
t3 t5
t6
<i2> <i3>
<i3> <i2>
p5
p1 p2
p3 p4e1
e2
e3
e4
e5
<i2>
<i3>
<i4>b1
b2
b4
b3
b5
b6
SNON
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Exapmle Conclusion
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© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
Specification of Process ElementsSpecification of Process Elements
Business Process Model
Object Petri Net
Object Net System Net
Formalization
Visualization
Org-ChartEPC
V
V
Organizational Model
PNML Converter
BPMN-XML OMN-XML
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Specification of Process ElementsSpecification of Process Elements
BPMN-Element Notation XML-Spezification
Event: Start <ControlFlowObjectDefinition controlflow-object-type= "EVENT|ACTIVITY|GATEWAY" controlflow-object-definition-id="..." controlflow-object-subtype= "START|INTERMEDIATE|END|TASK|AND|OR" artifact-idlist="..." lane-idlist="..." linked-process-id="..."></ControlFlowObjectDefinition>
Event: Intermediate
Event: End
Activity
Gateway: AND
Gateway: XOR
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Specification of Organizational ElementsSpecification of Organizational Elements
Business Process Model
Object Petri Net
Object Net System Net
Formalization
Visualization
Org-ChartEPC
V
V
Organizational Model
PNML Converter
BPMN-XML OMN-XML
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OMN-Element Notation XML-Spezification
Organization <OMN-ObjectDefinition id="..." type="ORGUNIT" subtype="CONSORTIUM"></OMN-ObjectDefinition>
Hierarchy
<OMN-EdgeDefinition id="..." type="ORG" {subtype="CONTRACT|DELIVERY"} source-object-definition-id="..." target-object-definition-id="..."></OMN-EdgeDefinition>
Relation: Contract resp. Sales Order
Relation: Delivery
contract
Specification of Organizational ElementsSpecification of Organizational Elements
contract
delivery
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Specification of Petri Net ElementsSpecification of Petri Net Elements
Business Process Model
Object Petri Net
Object Net System Net
Formalization
Visualization
Org-ChartEPC
V
V
Organizational Model
PNML Converter
BPMN-XML OMN-XML
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BPMN-XML Notation XML-Spezifikation
Unmarked Place <place id="..."> <text>...</text></place>
Marked Place <place id="..."> <initialMarking> <text>...</text> </initialMarking></place>
Transition <transition id="..."> <name> <text>...</text> </name></transition>
Directed Edge <arc id="E1_F1" source="E1" target="F1" />
Specification of Petri Net ElementsSpecification of Petri Net Elements
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Example Conclusion
![Page 20: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
Transforming into PNMLTransforming into PNML
Business Process Model
Object Petri Net
Object Net System Net
Formalization
Visualization
Org-ChartEPC
V
V
Organizational Model
PNML Converter
BPMN-XML OMN-XML
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© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
Transformation of Process ElementsTransformation of Process Elements
BPMN-Element Notation PNML-Target of Object Net
Event: Start
Event: Intermediate
Event: End
Activity
Gateways Split Join
AND
XOR
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OMN-Element Notation PNML-Target of System Net
Organisation
Hierarchy
Relation: Contract resp. Sales Order
Relation: Delivery
contract
Transformation of Organizational ElementsTransformation of Organizational Elements
contract
delivery
contract
delivery
contract
delivery
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Dynamic BehaviorDynamic Behavior
Converter proves which Organizational Unit is Responsible for Activities
Realization in BPMN: Assigning Activities to Lanes
Change of Organizational Unit Uplink resp. Downlink No autonomous Firing of ON, but Firing of ON within SN Challenge: Concurrency in more than one Organizational Unit
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Example Conclusion
![Page 25: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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Case StudyCase Study
System Net: Organizational Model
Object Net: Business Process Model
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Example for Dynamic BehaviorExample for Dynamic Behavior
Object Net
System Net System Net: Organizational Model
Object Net: Business Process Model
Interaction: SN: Event 2:SUB1_() ON: contract x:SUB1_()
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Example for Dynamic BehaviorExample for Dynamic Behavior
Downlink:<transition id="MAIN_SUB1"> <name> <text>contract</text> </name> <downlink> <text>x:SUB1_()</text> </downlink></transition>
Uplink:<transition id="Event 2"> <name> <text>Event 2</text> </name> <uplink> <text>:SUB1_()</text> </uplink></transition>
Object Net
System Net
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OutlineOutline
ArKoS – Project Motivation and Aim Object Petri Nets Specification of Notation Elements Transforming Notation Elements into PNML Example Conclusion
![Page 29: Integrating Process and Organization Models of Collaborations through Object Petri Nets](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/5681464e550346895db35eee/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© 2005 ArKoS-Konsortium www.arkos.info
ConclusionConclusion
Verified Aspects Unique XML Modeling Notation XML-based Integration of Business Process and Organizational
Models Simulation is Enabled
Further Research Operational Values
• Lead Times
• Availability of Resources
• Path-Likelihoods
• Demand-Information
Interpretation of OR-Connector in different Notations• e.g. Empty-Path of BPMN
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Thank You for Your Attention
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Backup: Objekt-PetrinetzeBackup: Objekt-Petrinetze
Referenznetze (Kummer 2002)
Alle Marken des SN sind Referenz auf gleiche Instanz eines ON Prozess-Parallelisierung durch Kopieren der Marken Keine „echte“ Nebenläufigkeit möglich
Wertesemantik Alle Marken eines SN sind individuelle Kopie eines ON „Echte“ Nebenläufigkeit möglich Problem: Zusammenführung der Teilprozesse