INTEGRATING YOUNG REFUGEES AND MIGRANTS INTO AUSTRIAN VET -CURRENT SITUATION, EXAMPLES AND SELECTED MEASURES
Eduard StaudeckerFederal Ministry of Education, Austria
Davis, 24th October 2019
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§ General introduction: economic facts andeducation system (with focus on VET)
§ Topic: Asylum seekers, pedagocial conceptsand practical solutions
§ VET and Education system and migrant policy– strategic outview and challenges
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Development of sectors
bmbwf.gv.atGDP per Capita
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The
Aust
rian
Educ
atio
n Sy
stem
–O
verv
iew
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16 years old – Upper secondary level
Type of Schools
Allg
emei
n bi
lden
dehö
here
Sch
ulen
3
Sons
tige
allg
emei
n bi
lden
deSc
hule
n (S
tatu
te)
Beru
fsbi
lden
dePf
licht
schu
len
-Ap
pren
ctic
eshi
p
Beru
fsbi
lden
dem
ittle
re S
chul
en –
VET
Scho
ols
Beru
fsbi
lden
dehö
here
Sch
ulen
-VE
T -C
olle
ges
10. Schulstufe – 16. Years old
99 712 22 800 5 378 34 727 11 061 25 746
% 100,0 22 5 35 11 27
Source: BMBWF, Zahlenspiegel 2018
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Students in upper secondary VET
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Main element of VET in Austria: Work-Based Learning
§ Apprenticeship – The Dual System§ On-the-Job Training in school-based iVET –
VET schools and VET colleges§ On-site labs, workshops, kitchens etc. in
VET schools and VET colleges§ Adult Education – further in-company training§ On-the-Job Training for Higher Education students
WBL in I-VET
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VET and Asylum situation in Austria -pedagocial concepts and practicalsolutions
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Applications on asylum since 2000
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Total: around 155.000 since 2015 – 80 % decided
Source: Federal Ministry of the Interior, Asylum statistics, Feb. 2019
bmbwf.gv.atNationalities
Top 6 nationalities per type of decision in AustriaTotal positive decisions in 2016: 26.517
Source: Federal Ministry of the Interior
bmbwf.gv.atCurrent situation in Austria
First time applications 2014 – 2016 per age group
25,675
85,505
39,860
5,160
19,160
12,160
2,920
12,4956,100
12,915
40,600
16,545
4,560
12,885
4,885
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
2014 2015 2016
Total
Less than 14 years
From 14 to 17 years
From 18 to 34 years
From 35 to 64 years
65 years or over
Source: Eurostat 2016
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Open cases
bmbwf.gv.atCurrent situation in Austria
First instance decisions by outcome, selected EU member states, 4th quarter 2016
Source: Eurostat, Asylum Quarterly Report, March 2017
bmbwf.gv.atCurrent situation in Austria
Asylum seeking students in Austrian schools per school type
Source: Federal Ministry of Education, record date 09.01.2017
18.022
14,951
3,071
1,594
Total
Total APS
Total AHS/BMHS
Transition Stage261
1,002
340659
807
2 (BAKIP)
AHS-U
AHS-O
TMHS
HUM
HAS/HAK
BAKIP
bmbwf.gv.atUnderstanding skills and qualifications
§ Economic challenge of skills gaps and mismatches
§ Documentation of skills and qualifications as a prerequisite forjob matching and for participation in re-/upskilling measures
§ Challenge of missing certificates and formal documentation ofqualifications acquired in country of origin
§ Great variations in migrants‘ levels of skills and qualificationsand resulting challenge to provide schooling for highlyheterogenous target group
à Main aim: provide tailored educational programmes on thebasis of previously acquired skills and lead towards a formal qualification
bmbwf.gv.atStrategic PerspectiveLABO
UR M
ARKET/ SO
CIETY
QUALIFICATIO
N
Skills AssessmentValidation/Recognition
Tailorededucationalintervention
Preparatorycourses
Basic Skills + Language Training +
Counselling
VET programme
School-basedWork-based
Language Training Guidance/Counselling
Social/Cultural Orientation
Psychological Counselling
bmbwf.gv.atUnderstanding skills and qualifications
„Anerkennungs- und Bewertungsgesetz“: § In force since July 2016 § § 8 stipulates a legal entitlement for migrants, who
were granted asylum or subsidiary protection to§ Have their qualifications assessed and validated by the
responsible authorities by means of suitable methods§ In cases where they are not able to provide the
documentation necessary to have their foreignqualifications assessed and recognized
§ Suitable methods can include practical or theoreticalexaminations, tests, work samples, expert reports
bmbwf.gv.atUnderstanding skills and qualifications
„Kompetenzcheck“ – Public Employment Service Vienna§ Identification and documentation of skills and
competences acquired through prior work experience forthe purpose of job-matching and/or upskilling
„Du kannst was für Flüchtlinge“ – Chamber of Labour, Chamber of Commerce, Federal State Upper Austria§ Assessment of vocational skills and upskilling, leading
towards apprenticeship examinationNATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE VALIDATION OF NON-FORMAL AND INFORMAL LEARNING§ Low-skilled and refugees as important
target groups of validation measures
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LANGUAGE TRAINING(German, min. Level A1)
GENERAL EDUCATION(mathematics, English, ICT,
etc.)
TECHNICAL/PRACTICAL TRAINING
(business, hospitality, technical, IT,…)
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
(learning methods; personal experiences, attitudes)
CURRICULUM- THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL
COMPONENTS -
Integrating young refugees into VET
TRANSITION STAGE: UNDERLYING PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT
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TRANSITION STAGE FOR YOUNG REFUGEES
Launched in 2015/2016
Target Group Young refugees aged 16-24 years
Max. number of participants 1.200
Prerequisites Completed compulsory schoolingBasic English language proficiency
Carried out at 2015/2016: VET schools and colleges2016/2017: VET schools and colleges+ academic upper secondary schools
Number of courses carriedout
2015/2016: ~45 courses at VET schools/colleges2016/2017: ~67 courses at VET schools/colleges
+ ~36 courses at academic upper secondary schoolsAim Gain access to VET school/college/apprenticeship
Success rate in first phase 85 % of those, who successfully completed theprogramme
Integrating young refugees into VET
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PREPARATORY TRANSITION STAGE FOR YOUNG REFUGEES
Launched in 2016/2017
Target Group - Young refugees aged 16-24 years- No completed compulsory schooling
- No previous knowledge of the teaching languageGerman
Max. number of participants 600Carried out at 2016/2017: VET schools and colleges
Number of courses carried out 2016/2017: ~30 courses at VET schools/collegesAim - Preparation for successful participation in
transition stage- Access to VET school or college or apprenticeship
prorgramme
Integrating young refugees into VET
bmbwf.gv.atIntegrating young refugees into VET
SUPPORTING MEASURES: LANGUAGE TRAINING
PRE 2017 „Language start groups / Language courses“ at compulsory schools for ordinary students
Since 2017 „Language start groups / Language courses“ at uppersecondary level for extraordinary students
Starting at Proficiency Level A2Legal Basis § 8e SchulorganisationsgesetzNumber of courses 2017: 47 courses carried out at VET colleges and
schools at Sec II
bmbwf.gv.atIntegrating young refugees into VET
SUPPORTING MEASURES: MOBILE INTERCULTURAL TEAMS
Support for Head teachers, school inspectors, teachers workingwith young refugees
Teams of Professionals in the field of psychology, social work, intercultural and communicative skills
Services - Individual casework – trauma, stabilisation, psychosocial counselling
- Prevention work- Conflict management
- Counselling for teaching staff- Support for family environment
- Networking activitiesAim Integrate young refugees into school and classroom
communities
bmbwf.gv.atIntegrating young refugees into VET
SUPPORTING MEASURES: TEACHER TRAINING
Courses for Teachers working with young refugees
Contents Transcultural competences including: - The role of school and education in collective and
individualistic societies- The status of teachers
- Communication barriers- Etc.
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PROGRAMMES TO COMPLETE COMPULSORY SCHOOLING
Target Group Young refugees aged 15-19 years
Prerequisites -
Concept Initial skills assessment + design of tailor made, needs-oriented curriculum
+ continuous guidance and counsellingNumber of courses carriedout
2016: ~2 courses2017: ~14 courses
Max. number of participants 2017: ~1.500 (together with basic educationprogrammes)
Aim Lead towards towards the final examination tocomplete compulsory schooling
Young refugees in Adult Education
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SUPPORT MEASURES: GUIDANCE AND COUNCELLING
Target Group Young refugees aged 15-19 years
Prerequisites -
Concept - In-depth information on opportunities andpathways offered within the Austrian education
system- Individual guidance and counselling for students to
find their ways into suitable further education andtraining programmes
Estimated number ofadolescents using services
Information: ~2.800Guidance: ~620
Professionalisation measuresfor counsellors
~ 160 councellors in training measures
Young refugees in Adult Education
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Findings:
§ Heterogeneity of qualification levels
§ Identification of skills as well as individual interests is a necessary first step for a sustainable integration into the labour market
§ Many companies want to get involved but are uncertain due to information deficits
§ Assistance for companies especially for SMEs is important to reduce this uncertainty
Some key findings from our pilotprojects regarding integration of young refugees
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VET and migration politics – currenttrends and strategic objectives
bmbwf.gv.atShare of students with non-Austrian citizenship, non-German speaking, per school-type (2014/2015)
57.9%
32.8%
32.3%
32.2%
32.1%
30.0%
29.2%
28.5%
27.6%
24.6%
22.0%
21.8%
17.2%
17.0%
13.8%
13.7%
13.2%
12.7%
12.6%
6.9%
5.2%
4.9%
2.6%
1.5%
0.4%
0.3%
27.0%
21.5%18.6%
15.3%
33.6%
19.2%
9.8%
14.7%
13.7%
14.1%
12.4%
12.7%
9.1%
8.8%
9.5%
12.0%
7.4%
8.0%
8.8%
4.3%
4.5%
3.7%
3.9%
2.0%
2.3%
0.4%
Kaufmännische mittlere Schulen
AHS für Berufstätige
Sonderschulen
Kaufmännische höhere Schulen
Sonst. allgemeinbild. (Statut)Schulen
Polytechnische Schulen
Neue Mittelschule an AHS
Neue Mittelschule
Volksschulen
Techn. gewerbl. mittlere Schulen
Wirtschaftsberufl. mittlere Schulen
Hauptschulen
AHS-Oberstufe
AHS-Unterstufe
Gewerbl. u. kaufm. Berufsschulen
Sonstige berufsbild. (Statut)Schulen
Techn. gewerbl. höhere Schulen
Sozialberufliche mittlere Schulen
Oberstufenrealgymnasien
Wirtschaftsberufl. höhere Schulen
Lehrerbildende mittlere Schulen
Lehrerbildende höhere Schulen
Aufbau- und Aufbaurealgymnasien
Land- und forstw. mittlere Schulen
Land- u. forstw. Berufsschulen
Land- und forstw. höhere Schulen
Non-German first language
Non-Austrian Citizenship
bmbwf.gv.atTime duration until first employment after graduation (by educational attainment, 2011/2012)
36%
54%
49%
31%
42%
10%
12%
16%
17%
17%
21%
24%
19%
24%
25%
33%
10%
17%
28%
16%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Mandatory school
Dual VET
BMS
AHS
BHS
Up to 3 months 3 to 6 months 6 months to 1 year More than 1 year
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The Dual System – Structure and Components
Dual System = Apprenticeship
Company-based Training
80 % of total time spent
§ Learning in and for practice§ Learning from productive work
while using modern technologies§ Learning in Joint Training Systems
(„Ausbildungsverbund“)§ Enter qualified occupations
immediately after trainingcompletion
School-based Education and Training
20% of total time spent
§ 35% general education + 65% job-specific consolidation
§ All year: Minimum of one full dayor two half-days per week
§ Organised as course: Minimum ofeight weeks at a time
§ Organised per season: blockedduring specific season
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The Dual System – Current Challenges
§ Quality Assurance Mechanisms for company-based component§ Rigorous assessment procedures, but weaknesses in
process quality
§ Ongoing curricula-reform for ~240 professionsðShift towards Learning Outcomes!
§ Decreasing numbers of training companies
§ Decreasing numbers of available apprentices ð Demographicchallenge but mirgrants and asylum seekers as push for the system!!
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The Dual System – Current Challenges
§ Key Competences for long-term employability and labour-market mobility (PIAAC!!)
§ Transversal Competences - I-VET should equip learners with both transversal competences and specific vocational skills
§ I-VET as an attractive learning option of the same value as general education§ Establish flexible systems based on Learning Outcomes§ Foster permeability – „Lehre mit Matura“ (incr.
Numbers!)§ Encourage transnational mobility§ Implement National Qualifications Framework § Promote Lifelong Learning
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§ (New?) Target groups:§ Migrants
§ Gender-specific dissemination at professions
§ Graduates of general education
§ Urban – rural differences§ Digitalisation – new jobs
§ Tradition/Religion
§ Demand for well qualified and skilled employees at medium to high qualification level (~ EQF Levels 4 to 6)
Challenges in relation to asylum/migrant situation
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§ New program: „Coaching and Counselling for Apprentices and Companies“ (3 Mio. Euro / Year)
§ Preparatory Courses for young people with migration background for an immediate start of training in a Company (10 Mio. Euro / Year)
§ Training Alliances (also) with occupational language Courses (round 12 Mio. Euro / Year)
§ Implementation of a statutory evidence based new Quality Assurance System for Apprenticeship Training(“Qualitätsmanagement Lehre”) (up to 3 Mio. Euro / Year)
§ Programs for cooperation with host countries
New supporting measures within the Austrian company-based apprenticeship subsidisation
bmbwf.gv.at(Supra)Regional matching of apprenticeshipplaces – ideal process
bmbwf.gv.atStrategic considerations
§ Strategic potential for host countries, cooperation?
§ Societal progress and cohesion
§ Student numbers/Attendance rates
§ Long-term integration into labour process
§ Provision of tailored education for heterogeneous group
§ Maintain quality of education and training measures
§ Efficient and feasible validation procedures
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Eduard StaudeckerLeitung Stabstelle für Grundsatzfragen in der Berufsbildung
Minoritenplatz 5, 1010 WienTel.: +43 1 531 20-4338E-Mail: [email protected]