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Integumentary System
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Integumentary system includes…SkinHair Nails
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Its function is to…Prevent the loss of waterProtect the body from injury and
infectionHelp regulate body temperature,
eliminate wastes and gather information about the environment
Produce vitamin D
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FUN facts: The skin is the largest organ in
the body.Every time you rub your hands
together, you lose hundreds, even thousands of dead skin cells.
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Structure info:The skin consists of 2
main layers◦Epidermis-outer most layer
and the thinnest. It doesn’t have any nerves of blood vessels. (This is why you don’t feel pain or bleed with shallow scratches.)
◦Dermis-lower layer of the skin. It contains the nerves, blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles and a fat layer that pads the internal organs and helps keep heat in the body.
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Structure info Continued…Cell life cycle: New cells begin deep in
the epidermis. After about 2 weeks the cells die and become part of the surface layer. The dead cells are in the surface layer for about 2 weeks and then are shed and replaced.
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How are structure and function related?
The dead cells in the epidermis form a tough barrier that protects the living cells beneath it.
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Taking care…Drinking plenty of water, eating
foods that contain a lot of water, limit sun exposure, and keep your skin clean and dry.
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Diseases/conditions of the skin:
Acne- A bacterial infection that occurs when your oil glands get clogged.
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Athlete’s foot- A fungal infection that occurs on the feet. Fungi grow well in warm, moist surroundings.
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Cancer- A disease when some cells divide uncontrollably. Repeated exposure to sunlight can damage skin cells and cause them to become cancerous.