INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS INFORMATION SOCIETY
MOTIVATIONS
M. Gams
Intelligent systems
ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
IN. SOCIETY
Major AI applications 30 Manufacturing and design30 Business operations25 Finance12 Diagnostics and troubleshooting12 Claims processing and auditing11 Telephony26 SW, military, space …
Plan
Intelligent systems, agents Artificial intelligenceInformation societyInternet,telecommunicationsHTML, XML, JavaScript, Java, toolsSpeech, communications, multimediaPractical – getting good jobs
Intelligent systems
Engineering, invisible intelligencePractical directions, real-life problemsVerified AI methods: rule-based systems, trees,
expert systems, fuzzy systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms, hybrid systems
Intelligent systems simulate human bureaucrats, expert systems simulate experts
Motivation ISociety /human civilization is evolving into
information society: electronic village, informatization, infosphere, electronic services
People are expensive, computers cheap: computers work 24 hours a day, no vacations, network accessibility is worldwide, only 3% microprocessors in computers, an average car 16 microprocessors, exponential trend (faster, cheaper, more applications)
Intelligent systems are more friendly, more flexible than classical systems (not truly intelligent, just a bit more than classical)
Motivation II - productivityProductivity increases – more work done with
the same stuff or the same with less stuffNew services – simple reasoning, learning,
adaptation to each single user (on top of faster calculating, fast response time), never frustrated, more constant performance,
Improved quality of work Dumb/rigid classical programs, computers / boring, humans non-constant performers
Cost/benefit favorable for I.s. for some tasks -too difficult for classical, not too intelligent
Motivation III - benefitsGeneral trends – globalization, decreasing
governmental spending, employment costs Introduction of I.s. enables restructuring –
new functionality, new regulation; e-government = government over the Internet
hard competition- for each workplace, everybody is evaluated constantly, many candidates for important good jobs
Science, development, technology – additional advantage
Motivation IV - bureaucracy
Specificity of bureaucratic tasks (information tasks) – good and bad:
great number of users, repeating tasks, simple tasks, simple structure of tasks, low level of intelligence needed for typical tasks, mostly predefined
Tasks still demand a certain level of understanding, flexibility and reasoning capabilities
Motivation V – typical tasks
Small improvement – huge benefits US Internal Revenue Service (15 mio letters each year, after introduction of intelligent systems – no. of mistakes/errors from 33% to 10%; elections
More user friendly – better ratingsInternet is very appropriate for I.s. – always
available, everywhere, …
Conclusion
Intelligent systems apply AI methods and introduce intelligent services
I.s. combine advantages of computer systems (cost, availability) with some human properties (simple engineering intelligence – learning, adapting, reasoning), and achieve better cost/benefit for several tasks
Especially appropriate for mundane bureaucratic tasks in information society