Download - Internet2 Mission and Goals
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April 21, 2023
Optical Futures: high-performance networking for research and education and optical technologies
Heather BoylesDirector, International [email protected]
18 February 2003Hong Kong
Optical Futures: high-performance networking for research and education and optical technologies
Heather BoylesDirector, International [email protected]
18 February 2003Hong Kong
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Internet2 Mission and Goals
Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet.
• Enable new generation of applications• Create leading edge R&E network capability• Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet
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Internet2 Areas of Work
Advanced Applications
Middleware
Network Engineering• End to End Performance
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships and Outreach
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Internet2Backbone Networks
GigaPoPOne
Internet2 Network Architecture
GigaPoPTwo
GigaPoP(n)
GigaPoPThree
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Internet2 Network Architecture
Internet2 Backbone Network(s)
GigaPoPOne
Regional Network
University C
CommercialInternetConnections
University B
University A
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Abilene NetworkCore Map, January 2003
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Abilene NetworkLogical Map
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What is optical networking?
Utilizing optical fiber to carry light as the lowest level data transport medium
Good source for basics of optical networking: http://www.sura.org/opcook
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How is optical networking being discussed in research networking community?
Currently, two main threads of activity:
1) Obtaining and controlling fiber assets in order to build networks (at campus, metropolitan, regional, national levels)
2) Utilizing that control of optically-based transport layer to provision new types of services – “lambdas**” or “lightpaths”
….and sometimes simulating these without underlying control
**”a pipe where you can inspect packets as they enter and when they exit, but principally not when in transit” (C. deLaat et al.)
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How have we provisioned networks in the past?
To date, primarily by buying services from telecommunications companies
• ATM service, SDH/SONET service, GigabitEthernet Services, wavelength services
Example: Abilene backbone network• Qwest provides 10Gbps wavelength between core nodes
• Abilene owns, controls routers
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Providing network infrastructure by acquiring fiber assets
Unique window in time for fiber assets• Cause: fiber glut, bankruptcies and telcos in distress • Within a year, opportunity on national scale closes?• Hedge against a regression to ‘bad old days’ of monopolies
Technically, getting fiber means controlling the network down to layer 1 (0?)
• Would allow deployment of different wavelengths for differentiated networks (high perf advanced services, network research, more general EDU access)
• Path to doing optical switching when it makes sense
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Unique optical requirements inHigher Education Community
10-Gbps: 10 Gigabit Ethernet preferred over OC-192c SONET
HPC could need 40-Gbps λ’s prior to the carriers
Integrated view of network management• Transport & IP engineering/operational approaches are not
intrinsically different• SNMP preferable for network polling
HEC can provide experimental environment for development of ‘rational’, customer focused optical switching
• Switching tightly integrated with optical transport• Capacity for IP backbone expansion and p2p λ’s
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Metro/regional implementations lead (for technical and economic reasons)
Distance scale (km)
Examples Equipment
Metro < 60
UW(SEA),
USC/ISI(LA)
Dark fiber & end terminals
State/
Regional < 500
I-WIRE (IL),
CENIC ONI,
I-LIGHT (IN)
Add OO
amplifiers
Extended
Regional/
National
> 500
PLR,
TeraGrid
Abilene
National Light Rail
Add OEO
regenerators
& O&M $’s
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Variety of campus, metropolitan, regional optical networks in US
CALREN2 – California
IWIRE – Illinois
ILIGHT – Indiana
SURA Optical Cookbook examples• Harvard Joint Trench Project• Southern Crossroads (Atlanta-area dark fiber buildout)
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LaurentianU
CambrianCCBoreal
sureNet
CarletonUUOttawa
Ottawa
AlgonquinCLaCiteC
OMAN
UWindsor
St.ClairC
WEDnet
UWO
London
FanshaweC
LARG*net
City / Town withCollege and University
City / Town withUniversity only
City / Town withCollege only
City with CA*net 3GigaPoP
College [25]
University[19]
PotentialORIONbackbone
LEGEND
Note.-This overview includes ORION PoP’s, associated RANs, and other ORANO members. Other members could be 50 – 60 R&E sites to connect to the nodes
Source: Randy Neals, ORANO
ORION Network – Overview a Canadian (Ontario) example
Queen'sURMC
Kingston
Toronto LoyalistC
CentennialCCGrandLacs
GBrownCHumberCSenecaC
UGuelphUWaterloo
WLU
Kitchener-
Waterloo
ConestogaC
Guelph
Belleville
OCADRyersonPUUToronto
YorkU
SheridanC
McMasterU
TrentU
Hamilton
Peterborough
St. Catharin
es
BrockU
Windsor
SarniaBarrie
Sault Ste. M
arie
Oshawa
DurhamC
SSFlemingC
SLawrenceC
GeorgianC
NorthernC
Timmins
Oakville
MohawkC
WellandNiagaraC
LambtonC
Sudbury
North Bay
NipissingU
LakeheadU
Thunder Bay
ConfederationC
LaurentianUCanadoreC
SaultC
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Regional optical fanout
In the next generation architecture, regional & state based optical networking projects are critical
Three-level hierarchy remains vital• National backbone, GigaPoPs (ARNs), Campuses
Close collaboration with the Quilt GigaPoPs
• Regional Optical Networking project
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Toward a National Optical Networking Facility
Research and education community investment in national-scale fiber assets
• Discussions among a number of partners in US ongoing
–“National Light Rail” – being led by members of Internet2 community – CENIC, the Pacific NorthWest Gigapop and other partners
–SURA – USAWaves project
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Halifax
Edmonton
Seattle
VancouverWinnipeg
Quebec City
MontrealOttawa
Chicago
Halifax
New York
Regina
Fredericton
CharlottetownVictoria
Windsor
London
Sudbury
Thunder Bay
Saskatoon
Kamloops
Buffalo
Minneapolis
Albany
St. John's
Calgary
Toronto
Hamilton
KingstonCA*net 4 Node
Possible Future Breakout
Possible Future link or Option
CA*net 4 OC192
Boston
CA*net 4 Architecture source: Bill St. Arnaud
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Light Path Scenarios
Vancouver
Calgary
ReginaWinnipeg
Toronto
Halifax
St. John’s
Seattle
Montreal
Workstation to Workstation Wavelength
University to University Wavelength
CWDM
BCnet
RISQ
GigaPOP to GigaPOP WavelengthCampus OBGP switch
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Lambda* or Lightpath Networks
Current CA*net “customer-empowered networking” - prototypes a day when multiple wavelengths available to a site/desktop
Why?• Router limitations - cost• A few very bandwidth needy applications (e.g. between
radio astronomy sites) for which dedicated circuits make more (technical, economic) sense
• User control – configurability
An area needing more investigation, cost modeling, prototyping, etc.
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Summary
There are many networks out there pursuing the dark fiber opportunity
• Scale is important• Regulatory factors • Take advantage of others’ experiences!
The “lightpath” model will be exciting area of investigation
• What are the right models? “Empowered customer” pays traditional circuit-switched network-type fees?
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www.internet2.edu