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INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
OF CCOP-KIGAM UnCon PROJECT- Assessment of Shale Energy Resources in Asia –
UnCon Project Phase II
by
Byeong-Kook Son (kook simply)
from
KOREA INSTITUTE OF GEOSCIENCE AND
MINERAL RESOURCES (KIGAM)
UnCon11 Meeting and Workshop, UnCon Project Phase II
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The Unconventional Oil and Gas Project was
proposed in 2014 at the 63rd Steering Committee
Meeting held in Kosopo, PNG by Dr. Y J Lee from
KIGAM
PROPOSAL OF UnCon Project
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CCOP-KIGAM Unconventional Oil and Gas Project:
1st Phase: Mapping of black shale formations for the
prediction of shale resources
UnCon Project, Phase I
Purpose: Identifying and
mapping of potentially
prospective shale
resource basins in the
CCOP region
Duration: Three years
from 2015 to 2017
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Process
Prospective shale basin and
formation selection
Shale basins and formations mapping on GIS
Shale formation data
collection
field trip
Data Collection and
AnalysisCapacity Building
Assessment
methodology
Mineral quantification
method
QGIS mapping method
XRD mineral
quantification
Rock-Eval Organic
matter analysis
Sample Collection and
Analysis
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UnCon PROJECT
Performance: Nine(9) meetings and workshops, field
trips, training, sample analysis, and GIS mapping of
shale basins and formations.
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SHALE SAMPLES FROM EACH COUNTRY
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Organic Properties determined by Rock-Eval Pyrolyis
TOC
Kerogen Type
Maturity
CRUDE ROCK Minerals
Kerogen
Gas
Oil
PYROLYSIS UNDERINERT CONDITION
OXIDATION
Residual Kerogen
He
O2
CO2
600 C
300 C
600 C
F.I.D.
T.C.D.
HCS0
S4
S1
S2
PYROLYZED ORG.C
RESIDUAL ORG.C
TOTAL ORG.C
Tmax
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Mineral content determination by X-ray powder
diffraction (XRD) with Siroquant Software
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Tmax
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Japan
Lao PDR
Philippines
Vietnam
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
C-1
C-2
C-3
I-1
I-2
I-3
J-1
J-2
J-3
L-1
L-2
M-1
M-2
M-3
M-4
T-1
T-2
T-3
T-4
T-5
V-1
P-1
Overmature (?) Good
Bad
Bad
Bad
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Carbonate minerals
Clay minerals
Quartz+ Feldspar
calcareous or
dolomite mudstone
argillaceous marlstone
siliceous marlstone
argillaceous mudstone
siliceous mudstone
Comparison with US Shales
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CAPACITY BUILDINGS AT PHASE I MEETINGS
US case: Chris Schenk from USGS UK case: Ed Hough from BGS
Mineral quantification: Tim Black from
Australia QGIS: Kook from KIGAM
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Mapping with freely downloadable SW, QGIS
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ACHIVEMENTS: USB Publication
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INSIDE USB
QGIS software - 64 bit and 32 bit
MAP GUIDE - How to display the GIS map of
shale basins
GIS maps of Shale Basins - shape files
Basin Description - 46 shale basins identified
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Asian Shale Basins Map on QGIS
USB file: ShaleResourceMap/Asian Basin/Asian basins
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Maps include Five GIS layers
Basin Boundary Map (vector)
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Maps include Five GIS layers
Shale Boundary Map (vector)
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Maps include Five GIS layers
Cross Section (raster)
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Maps include Five GIS layers
Sample Location and Analysis Data(vector, delimited text)
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Description of the Shale Basins Identified
Description of 46
Shale Basins:
Basin Location
Geological Setting
Stratigraphy
Shale Formation
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MAP GUIDE
Description about
How to display maps
on QGIS software
Install QGIS
Getting Started
How to display maps
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WORKS for SHALE RESOURCES ASSESSMENT
Shale Formation Mapping – volume calculation
Characterization – sweet spot areas determination
Assessment – resources calculation
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PREPARATION OF PHASE II
Asian shale basin map was successfully
completed with the outcome of USB
flash drive as a result of the first phase.
After that, the UnCon project went to the
second phase, which is a shale
resources calculation and assessment
on the identified shale basins.
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The 2nd Phase, Assessment of Shale Energy
Resources in Asia, was launched in the last April in
Bangkok
LAUNCH of Phase II
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CCOP-KIGAM Unconventional Oil and Gas Project:
2nd Phase: Assessment of Shale Energy Resources
in Asia
UnCon Project, Phase II
Purpose: Calculation
and estimation of
gas/oil amounts in the
potentially prospective
shale formations in the
CCOP region
Duration: Three years
from 2018 to 2020
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Shale Resources Calculation and Assessment
Shale resource estimate is fundamentally a
calculation of the amount of gas or oil in the
ground based on geologic information
Volumetric calculation (productive shale V)
by multiplying controlling factors
Shale area(subsurface) X thickness X
porosity X gas/oil saturation X
temperature/pressure correction
Recovery factors generally conjectural
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TWO DIFFERENT METHODOLOGY
USGS Methodology: Top-down approach
Technically recoverable resource estimates based on
well technology, well performance, and well density
EIA/BGS Methodology: Bottom-up approach
In-place resource estimates based on a geological
model, volumes and gas contents
In the Phase I, the UnCon Project has ever
decided to follow the EIA/BGS methodology.
No production data are yet available in Asia
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BGS Methodology for estimating the in-place shale gas resource
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SHALE VOLUME CALCULATION (UK CASE)
Identification and mapping of potentially-prospective
shale gas units from well information
Mapping the top and base of units to enter into a
3D model
Mapping the shale component as a proportion of
the seismically mapped unit
Minimum cut-off where Ro > 1.1% (max cutoff of
Ro > 3.5% never exceeded)
Minimum depth cut-off
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Establishing the Areal Extent of Major Shale Gas
and Shale Oil Formations
The regional cross-sections can be used to define the
lateral extent of the shale formation in the basin
and/or to identify the regional depth and gross interval
of the shale formation
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Shale Resources Calculation and Assessment
In general, the total volume of potentially productive
shale can be estimated using a 3D geological
model, which is generated using seismic mapping,
integrated with outcrop and deep borehole
information.
But, the data availability is
different from country to
country, thus causing a
problem with uncertainty.
The data-poor shale
formations will lead to high-
uncertainty assessments
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PROCESS: First Step, Shale Volume Calculation
Selection of target
basins and shale
formations: 13 basins
and 21 shale
formations
Shale volume
calculations: available
data and methods
based on the data
availability
Available Literature and Data
Shale Volume Calculation
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PROCESS: Shale Volume Calculation
Today, the results will
be presented,
discussed, and agreed
at this workshop.
When we exchange
knowledge and ideas
at UnCon meetings
and workshops, we
can get more
sophisticated
calculations and thus
enhance the quality of
assessment
Available Data
Shale Volume Calculation
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TARGET BASINS AND FORMATIONS
Country Selected Basins # Shale Formation Shale Type Age
1. Cambodia 1. Tonle Sap 1
Kuchinarai Group ? TRIASSIC
Si That ? Late Carboniferus / Lower Permiano
1. China 1. Si Chuan 1 Wufeng - Longmaxi Gas Upper Ordovician - Lower Silurian
1. Indonesia1. Jambi Sub-Basin
(in South Sumatera Basin)1
LahatOil & Gas
Eocene
Talang Akar Oligocene
1. Japan 1. Akita-Yamagata 1 Onnagawa Oil (Gas?) Late Miocene
1. Korea 1. Gyeongsang 1 Jinju Gas Cretaceous (Data Poor)
1. Lao PDR 1. Saravan-Attapeu 1Namthong
Oil & Gas Permo-CarboniferousNalang
1. Malaysia 1. Sarawak 1 Setap Gas Miocene
1. Myanmar 1. Salin 1 Yaw Oil & Gas Eocene
1. Papua New Guinea 1. Papuan 1
Imburu
Oil & Gas Jurassic to Lower CretaceousKoi-Iange
Barikewa
1. Philippines 1. Visayan 1
Malubog Gas Early Miocene to Late Oligocene
Toledo Oil & Gas Middle Miocene to Late Oligocene
1. Thailand
1. Phu Phra - Mukdahan
2Triassic Pre - Khorat Gas Triassic
1. Phitsanulok Chumsang Oil & Gas Early Miocene
1. Vietnam 1. An Chau 1
Mia Le
Gas
Devonian
Lang Son
Triassic
Van Lang
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NEXT STEP: CALCULATION OF GAS AMOUNTS
(Total- Gas-In-Place) IN SHALE
Free Gas
Shale area X thickness X gas-filled porosity X gas
expansion factor (depth dependent)
Adsorbed Gas
Area(subsurface) X thickness X rock density X
adsorbed gas content of shale (volume of gas/weight of
shale)
Monte Carlo Simulation
Statistical calculation
to determine GIIP
Learn from KIGAM
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The UnCon project have come into the Phase II
Knowledge and ideas can be obtained from the
UK case.
Thirteen basins and twenty one shale formations
have been selected for initial shale volume
calculations
Shale volume calculation will be presented at
UnCon 11 meeting
Next step will be calculations and estimation of
the gas and oil amounts in the shale formations
SUMMARY
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MANY THANKS
FOR ATTENTION!
UnCon11 Meeting and Workshop, UnCon Project Phase II