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INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY
DR.SHAFALI SINGH, M.D,8/18/2011 1
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Components of the Course
Clinical Case Discussions
Self Study in
Small Groups
Didactic Lectures
Online Activities
Small Group Practicals
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Required Course Materials
• Lecture Power-point Presentations.
• Course Syllabus.
• Small Group Practical & Clinical Case Discussion Handout.
• Textbook
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Which Textbook ?
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Clinical Cases / Labs / Quizes
• Clinical Cases- reinforce how an understanding of physiology is important in dealing with clinical conditions.
• Labs
• Will carry points for attendance and performance.
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PreviewOverview material toMaster Focus on objectivesOutline your goals
Attendlecture orpresentation
Personal StudyDefine the “big picture”Take notes for studyReview and compile notes andgoals within 8h of sessionList questions or problem areasfor studyRead support material or textReview objectives in studygroup within 1 week
Focus your study group!- Ask each other questions- Paraphrase the learning objectives- Define & clarify most difficult concepts- List and organize key points- Suggest applications of concepts inmedical practiceManage your time!
Personal StudyDo study questions or onlineSelf assessment
Pre-examreview
Take examWith confidence
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Policy Regarding Medical Excuses Based on self-reporting by students Email / Leave application to: [email protected]@windsor.edu- Maximum of two such excuses per semester- Third excuse results in mandatory LOA
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Physiology
• Physiology is about the functions of living beings.• Physiology is also about how the living organism
adjusts to the adversities of the environment- obtain enough water to live or avoid too much water, escapes freezing to death or dying from excessive heat, moves about to find suitable surroundings, food, and mates- and how it obtains information about the environment through its senses.• Physiology is about the regulation of all these
functions.• Intersection of behavior, ecology, anatomy, evolution,
and immunology.
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Classification
Types of physiology • Cellular • Neurological • Comparative • Environmental • Systemic-Human physiologyMedical physiology concentrates on human physiology
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Organization of the human body
CellsTissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms(Human body)
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Organ Systems in Review
• Integumentary• Musculoskeletal• Respiratory• Digestive• Reproductive and Urinary• Circulatory• Nervous and Endocrine• Immune
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Organ Systems
• 1. Integumentary system
• Components:• Skin, hair nails, sweat glands,
and sebaceous glands
• Functions:• Covers and protects the body;
regulate temperature
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Organ Systems
• 2. Skeletal system
• Components:• Bones, cartilage, ligaments
• Functions:• Provides body framework
and support; protects; attaches muscles to bones; provides calcium storage
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Organ Systems
• 3. Muscular system
• Components:• Muscles
• Functions:• Produces movement;
maintain posture; provides heat
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Organ Systems
• 4. Nervous system
• Components:• Brain, spinal cord, nerves,
sense receptors
• Functions:• Coordinates body activities;
receives and transmits stimuli.
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Organ Systems
• 5. Endocrine system
• Components:• Pituitary, adrenal, thyroid,
and other ductless glands
• Functions:• Regulates metabolic
activities and body chemistry
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Organ Systems
• 6. Cardiovascular system
• Components:• Heart, blood vessels, and
blood
• Functions:• Transport materials from
one part to another; defends against disease
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Organ Systems
• 7. Lymphatic system
• Components:• Lymph, lymph vessels, and
lymphoid organs
• Functions:• Returns tissue fluid to the
blood; defends against disease
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Organ Systems
• 8. Digestive system
• Components:• Mouth, esophagus,
stomach, intestine, liver, and pancreas
• Functions:• Ingests and digests food;
absorbs nutrients into blood
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Organ Systems
• 9. Respiratory system
• Components:• Air passageways and lungs
• Functions:• Exchanges gases between
blood and external environment
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Organ Systems
• 10. Urinary system
• Components:• Kidneys, ureter, urinary
bladder, urethra
• Functions:• Excretes metabolic wastes;
regulates fluid balance and acid-base balance
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Organ Systems
• 11. Reproductive system
• Components:• Testes, ovaries, and
accessory organs
• Functions:• Forms new individuals to
provide continuation of the animal species
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Contributing scientist
1. WILLIAM HARVEY2. JOHANNES MULLER 3. CLAUDE BERNARD 4. WALTER CANON 5. PAVLOV6. STARLING7. HERMANN HELMHOLTZ