Download - introduction to plant pathology
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MIC 319 FUNDAMENTALS OF
AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO PLANT
PATHOLOGY BY
SITI NORAZURA JAMAL 03 006/ 06 483 2132
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Outline
• Plant pathology definition
• Plant disease definition
• Plant diseases classification
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PLANT PATHOLOGY
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PLANT PATHOLOGY
• Also be referred as “PHYTOPATHOLOGY”.
• A science that study plant disease
• The disease are caused by pathogens (infectious diseases) and environmental conditions (physiological factors)
• Improve the chances of plant survival
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PLANT DISEASE
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Definition
“ A malfunctioning process that is caused by continuos irritation and produce symptoms”
(Horsfall & Cowling)
“ A deviation from normal growth or structure of plants that is sufficiently pronounced and permanent to produce visible symptoms or to impair quality and economic value”
(Stakman & Harrar)
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Definition
Healthy plant
• The ability to carry out normal physiological functions at a acceptable level consistent to genetic potential
Sick/diseased plant
• A multifunctioning process that is caused by continuous irritation and produce symptoms
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Healthy plant
• Normal physiological functions include: Normal cell division, differentiation &
development Absorption of water and minerals from the soil
and translocation Photosynthesis and translocation of
photosynthesis Utilization and storage of photosynthates Reproduction
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Healthy plant
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Sick/diseased plant
• A plant would not have all of these at once.
• Plant disease is any disruption (biotic or abiotic) of the plants normal metabolism.
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Sick/diseased plant
“ the malfunctioning of host cells and tissues that results from their continuous irritation by a pathogenic agent or environmental factor and leads to the development of symptoms.
“ disease in a condition involving abnormal changes in the form, physiology, integrity, or behavior of the plant.’
“ such changes may result in partial impairment or death of the plant or its parts’
(George N.Agrios)
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Sick/Diseased plant
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Healthy plant vs diseased plant
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Plant diseases classification
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Classification of plant disease
Infectious Non infectious
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Infectious disease
• A disease that is caused by a pathogen that can spread from a diseased to healthy plant
• Disease that is caused by living organism .
• E.g. Pectobacterium atrosepticum (potato pathogen)
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Non infectious disease
• Disease that is caused by non living organism • Could not be spread to other healthy plant • E.g. factors: Too low/high temperature Lack/excess of soil moisture Air pollution Nutrient deficiencies Mineral toxicities Soil acidity or alkalinity