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Introduction to the Barrier Island Ecology of the Texas Coast
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The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute
• located on the northeast corner of Mustang Island
• facilities include: classrooms, library, research laboratories, and two large research vessels
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Marine Education Visitor’s Center
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RV Katy
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What is Marine Biology?
...the study of the function and ecology of marine life.
• how organisms carry out their basic functions
• interaction of organisms and their physical and biotic environment
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Ecology is studied at many interacting hierarchical levels.
Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Individual
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Physiography and Geology• young, dynamic system of barrier
islands
• shaped by prevailing southeasterly winds
• mostly 20-50 ft above sea level
• Padre is the longest barrier island in North America at 113 miles
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General Features Habitats on the outer side barrier
islands:
wave action salinity temperature
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Major Divisions of Marine Habitats
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Habitats Include:• sand-shell beaches• fore island dunes• stabilized dunes• vegetated barrier flat• wind-tidal flat• lagoon grass flat• Laguna Madre- separates Padre from the Texas mainland
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More Habitats & Communities Jetties & Groins Sandy Beaches
Flotsam & Jetsam Offshore Bottoms
Bay Shore: Mudflats Oyster Reefs
Plankton & Nekton
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Sandy Beach with Sargassum
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Jetties & Groins
the northwestern gulf coast’s only rocky intertidal habitats
crevice habitats splash zone
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Jetty
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Groin
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Sea Wall
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Breakwater
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Other Jetty Inhabitants
• Rock Louse• Hermit Crab• Sea Urchins
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Spartina
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Sandy Beaches• abrasive sand• alternating periods of dry and wet• pounding waves
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Result: most animals that cannot swim well or crawl fast burrow into the sand.
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Sandy Beach and Near-Shore Inhabitants
• tube-building worms• sand dollars• Calico Crab, Hepatus• Purse Crab, Persephona• Spider Crab, Libinia
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Tube Dwellers
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Flotsam and Jetsam
Organisms are carried ashore from deeper waters offshore.
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Offshore Bottoms
• depth up to 200m• commercial shrimping• sediments and shell fragments
provide habitat
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