IPv6, Mobility, and the Ever Smarter World
—————————————
Opportunities for Consumer Electronics’ Internet Innovators
January 9, 2004By Alex Lightman
Cal–(IT)2 ScholarCEO, The University Network
Chairman, Charmed TechnologyConference Chairman, IPv6 Summits in North America
Founder, The 4G Society
Wireless Money: The 5 M’s
Movement: escaping the fixed placeMoment: expanding the concept of timeMe: extending myself and my communityMoney: expending financial resourcesMachines: empowering devices.
Deeper ServicesMovement: Mobility, Locality, Globality, Home Base, PositioningMoment: Plan, Postpone, Fill Time, Catch Up, Multitask, Real TimeMe: Customized, Relevant, Community, Permission, Presence, Multisession (most powerful, relates to ‘cool’ self image)Money: M-commerce, Micropayments, M -banking, M-wallet, M-advertising, SponsorshipMachines: Telematics, Metering, Remote Access, Appliances, Robotics, Automation, Connecting with Anything and Everything
The New World of Mobile Geolocation
Source: Bill Griswold, CSE, UCSD
Exercise Was the First Wireless Monitoring Application
As Our Bodies Move On-LineDigital Medicine Will Emerge
New Sensors—Video PillBattery, Light, & Video CameraImages Transmitted to Hip Device
Next Step—Putting You On-Line!Wireless Internet TransmissionKey Metabolic and Physical VariablesModel -- Dozens of Processors and 60 Sensors / Actuators Inside of our Cars
Post-Genomic Personalized MedicineCombine Across Populations
Genetic CodeDigital Imaging Body Data Flow
Use Powerful AI Data Mining
www.givenimaging.com
www.philometron.com
Current and Potential Markets for Remote Patient MonitoringWellness
Fitness MonitoringObesity Epidemic
Ambulatory Hospital PatientsCardiac Out PatientsElder Care
Global Population of People Over 65, Will Increase 88% by 2025
Clinical TrialsNew Drug Discovery
Emergency ResponseNatural DisastersHomeland Security
What is a SensorNet?
Sensors Physical, Chemical, Biological, Imaging,…
Sensor PlatformComputing, Power, Storage, Radios, …
Telecommunications InfrastructureWired, Wireless, Internet, …
Sensor ArraysHomogeneous, Inhomogeneous, Ad Hoc, …
Layered Software Backend Data Systems
Sensor subscriptions very valuable!Eric Frost: 30 measures of oil extraction allows doubling, from 35% to
70%, of recoverable oil from a given reservoir.
Will Recker: World Wide Wagon Train of 737 million to 1 billion
vehicles that exchange information on the road ahead.
John Orcutt: From Buoys to MEN (Marine Environmental Networking).
Weather prediction, climate change, government.
Articles are on http://www.calit2.net. Search site for “Alex Lightman”
Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Control Rooms Will Integrate SensorNets with Legacy Data
Common Needs for Research or Emergency ResponseSituational AwarenessCommon Operational PictureLocal Data Warehouse with Remote Data AccessAI Data Mining of Distributed DatabasesSpatial Data Analysis Consequences Assessment Tool Set
Image Source: Panoram Technologies
New network operations systems must be designed for adaptability and change(new equipment, multiple vendors, new service offerings/ provisioning).
19701970--19901990 Minicomputer/Minicomputer/DEC era
1:1 people/machine ratio1:1 people/machine ratioDEC era
19801980-- Workstation/Workstation/PC era
1:10 people/machine ratio1:10 people/machine ratioPC era
19901990-- Enterprise networks/Enterprise networks/Cisco eraCisco era
1:100? people/machine ratio1:100? people/machine ratio
20002000-- Broadband packet Broadband packet networks ?networks ?
1:1000? people/machine ratio1:1000? people/machine ratio
19601960--19801980
TimeTimeMainframe/Mainframe/IBM eraIBM era
Platform(s)Platform(s)10:1 people/machine ratio10:1 people/machine ratio
Network Operations ModelNetwork Operations ModelOld network management systems were single vendor solutions optimized for cost in rigid five-year preplanned networks.
The New Powers of Ten
Source: Paul JohnsonSource: Paul Johnson
1000’s of subscriptions/personGiven Imaging’s camera/sensor pill that you swallow, with data recorded onto a hiptopPersonal Black Box.Medical Microelectronic Machines (later nanodocs) tied to NIH databases doing real-time assessment against millions of high resolution medical records, each with IP address.Localizers as described in Vernor Vinge’s A Deepness in the Sky will link internal and external bodies.The value of curing cancer, heart disease approx. $50 trillion each. Milken Institute.
Putting Laboratories on a ChipPutting Laboratories on a Chip
$ 300,000 $ 10
Cermet SensorCermet Sensor
Source: Greg McRae, MIT and ANL
Source: Pister,Berkeley
SENSORS ADC FSMRECEIVER
TRANSMITTER
SOLAR POWER1V 1V 1V 2V3-8V
PHOTO 8-bits
375 kbps
175 bps
1-2V
OPTICAL IN
OPTICAL OUT
16 mm3 total circumscribed volume~4.8 mm3 total displaced volume
Source:Pister,
Berkeley
Over the Next Decade NanobioinfoengineeringWill Revolutionize SensorNets
5 nanometersHuman Rhinovirus
IBM Quantum CorralIron Atoms on Copper
VCSELaser
2 mmNanogen MicroArray
500x Magnification
400x Magnification
How do you manage all those tiny doctors?
IPv6features
3.4*1038 unique addresses availableStateless autoconfigurationSecurity: authentication and
encryptionMobility management
How can we secure these doctors? IPv6
IPSecuses IPv6 extension headerssecurity modes
authentication on IP levelencryption on IP level
based on private and public key algorithmsmanual or automatic key distribution
allows secure end-to-end communication and Virtual Private Networks
Mobility management in IPv6
Goalstransparency of mobility to higher layersaddressability using the home address
Home subnet
Correspondent node
Home agent
Foreign subnet
Mobile node
Internet
InternetInternet
The Gs 1G 2G
new system (GSM), same service (Voice)2G 3G
new system (UMTS), new services (MM)3G 3G 4G4G
all systems, all servicesall systems, all servicesintegrated provision of personalised enhanced services over the most efficient/preferred networks (user profile)multiple classes of terminals
Using IPv4 on 3G will create barriers:1. Not enough IPv4 addresses to deploy large scale always-on service required for GPRS and 3G
2. Therefore no easy end-2-end security
3. No plug & ping (no ease of use, all manual and won't scale)
4. The triangular routing of Mobile IPv4 will eat up 50% of (expensive) spectrum
These are huge penalties to a large scale deployment of an always-on, easy to use, brand new mobile service.
4G(2005 –2010)
Page 13© BellSouth Cellular Corp 1999All rights reserved
Low
Mob
ility
H
igh-
Mob
ility
Information Rate (Mbps)
0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100
Vehicular
Pedestrian
Portable
Fixed
56K Modems DSL/Cable E1/T1 Lines
T3 Lines
DECT/CordlessPhones Bluetooth
GSM, cdmaOnePDC
GPRS, EDGE
802.11b 802.11a
W-CDMA, cdma2000
Broadband Fixed Wireless Access
OFDM?, UW B? Dynamic Chaos?
Software Defined Radio Opportunity2G 2.5G 3G
$0.02-$0.07/Mbyte$0.45 - $20/Mbyte
Multimedia Data, Location Services,Augmented Reality, Music/Video,Voice over IP, Remote Control
Smart Antennas
4G(2005 –2010)
Page 13© BellSouth Cellular Corp 1999All rights reserved
Low
Mob
ility
H
igh-
Mob
ility
Information Rate (Mbps)
0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100
Vehicular
Pedestrian
Portable
Fixed
56K Modems DSL/Cable E1/T1 Lines
T3 Lines
DECT/CordlessPhones Bluetooth
GSM, cdmaOnePDC
GPRS, EDGE
802.11b 802.11a
W-CDMA, cdma2000
Broadband Fixed Wireless Access
OFDM?, UW B? Dynamic Chaos?
Software Defined Radio Opportunity2G 2.5G 3G
$0.02-$0.07/Mbyte$0.45 - $20/Mbyte
Multimedia Data, Location Services,Augmented Reality, Music/Video,Voice over IP, Remote Control
Smart Antennas
The Next Logical Step In Wireless Data
The 4G Technology MenuThe 4G Technology MenuIPv6 (128-bit address space vs. today’s 32-bit address space)
Home addresses, care-of addresses, sensors, Peer-to-Peer
Short-Range Low-Power, Broadband Wireless TechnologiesUWB, CDMA, Dynamic Chaos, W-LAN 802.11a,g,b
Medium-Range, Medium-Power Nomadic/Full Mobility Broadband Wireless Technologies
OFDM, I-Burst [Arraycomm], OFDM+CDMA [FLARION]Smart Antennas and spatial processing
Base-stations, end user computer terminals, handsetsSoftware Defined Radios [chips, boards, subsystems]
Amateur radio, police/public radio, military, mobile communications
Very Low Power, High-Performance CPU embedded processors
Basis of software defined radios and intelligent sensorsWearable computer peripherals
Software remembrance agents, head-up displays, various input devices, wearable computer clothing
Multiservice Overlay Networks
Servers
IP Backbone Network
AccessAccess
FutureMulti-service networks
Communcationi Control
Content Content
Access
TodaySingle-service networks
GSM
Rad
io/T
V
Fixe
d Te
leph
ony
LAN
(Dat
a)
Services
Transport, Switching & Access Networks
Potential of 4G realized as Potential of 4G realized as access networks migrate to IPv6access networks migrate to IPv6
3G RAN3G RAN
3G RAN3G RAN
CableCable
3G RAN3G RAN
DSLDSL
WLANWLAN
RASRAS
RASRAS
RASRAS
IPv6IPv6allall--IPIP
Packet CorePacket Core
GWGW PSTNPSTN
ER/FWER/FW
IPv4IPv4(public or private)(public or private)
IPv6IPv6(public or private)(public or private)
3G3G--SGSNSGSN
3G3G--SGSNSGSN 3G3G--
SGSNSGSN
3G3G--GGSNGGSN
Equipment:
Cisco, IBM, Nortel,Juniper, Fluke, Lucent, NEC, Fujitsu, Hitachi, Nintendo, Telia,Compaq, Sega, 3Com ATM/FR
SDH/DWDM
IP over ATM IP over DWDMNetwork Connection
RASISP ERER
IPv6IPv6betweenbetween
access systemsaccess systems
Note: NTT, IIJ, & Singtel have already converted their IP switching fabric to IPv6
IP organizations:www.ipv6forum.net, www.usipv6.com, www.v6pc.jp, www.ipv6.orgSource: Nokia, Native Inc., Juniper Networks
4G as an IPv6 integrator4G as an IPv6 integrator
4G Personal Communicator
1 to 40 Mbps Radio Link
Voice, fax, dataMP3 PlayerPDAStorageVoice RecorderLanguage TranslatorVideo CameraHealth MonitorAugmented Reality(AR)AR Game Player
InfoSensors
User 1
7. Wireless Broadcast Layer
6. Cellular Layer
5. BFWA,W-LAN, MBWA
4. Wireless Gateway Layer
3. Wireless Personal Pico-Net Layer
2. Wireless/Wireline InfoSensor (Localizers) Layer
1. Wireline Transport Layer(Optical Fiber, DWDM,
Ethernet – Fiber Hybrid Coaxial)
Home or OfficeHome or Office
Telecom/Internet Service ProvidersCellular OperatorsAd-Hoc Campus/Wireless LAN Providers
Seven Layers of 4G
Hitachi RFID 2.4 GHZChip 0.30 mm2 Source: IBM Research
4G as the Integrator
Fixed Wireless Access
Wireless Local Loop
SatelliteHigh Altitude Platform
Broadcasting
S-UMTS
SatelliteBroadband
DVB-SDVB-T
DAB
GSM
GPRS
CellularMBS 40
MBS 60
Quasi-Cellular
UMTS
EDGE
UMTS ++
xMDS
Broadband FWA
Body-LANPersonal
Area Networks
MWSIR
BroadbandW-LAN Bluetooth
W-LAN Local Area Networks
FourthGeneration
IPv6IPv6
©JPER
Many factors will push China into 4G faster than most planners had expected: • Vast and profound implications for
national security, public security and natural resource management
• National High Technology Research & Development Program (“863”) – “B3G
• Strong university research in computing, mathematics, communications, electronics, physics
• Large number of B.S., M.S. and PhD PRC students studying in the U.S., EU
• Cellular penetration growth and introduction of 2.5G services
• Growth of the internet and internet users/subscribers
• Vast fiber optic long haul and fiber optic metro networks (DWDM, Metro-ethernet, FTTx)
• W-LAN growth• Phenomenal growth of PHS PAS
services from China Telecom & Netcom• Desire to cultivate made-in-China
intellectual property in computing, communications, consumer electronics and radio electronics
• Issuance of 3.5G broadband wireless licenses
• TD-SCDMA’s affinity for smart antenna solutions
• Ministry of Science has been given the national mission of promoting 4G
4G in China 4G in China –– 13 Accelerating Factors13 Accelerating Factors
China: Internet Accounts
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002E
2003E
2004E
2005E
2006E
2007E
2008E
Subs
crib
ers
000s
Narrowband Broadband
China Subscribers
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
Subs
crib
ers
in 0
00s
ISDN (Primay Rate) 0.0 0.6 25.5 175.0 670.3 1,276.0 1,604.3 1,875.4 2,020.0 2,126.9 2,181.8 2,197.3 2212.9253
PAS 0.0 0.0 0.0 300.0 1,596.5 5,314.5 11,959.6 24,054.4 40,529.6 57,318.6 76,475.4 95,184.5 118470.6
DSL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99.6 319.0 962.6 2,457.5 3,909.6 5,251.6 6,479.3 7,590.7 8892.7572
FFTH+Ethernet LAN 0.0 382.8 770.0 1,966.0 3,127.7 4,201.3 5,183.4 6,072.6 7114.2057
Copper Narrowband 54893.386 70267.866 86958.807 108540.09 141837.04 172399.72 206948.35 238883.5 265306.84 293544.28 317365.6 337746.04 359435.27
Cable Modem 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 350.0 737.8 1,116.3 1,501.1 1,891.9 2,288.5 2,692.5 3,258.1 3942.4856
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002E 2003E 2004E 2005E 2006E 2007E 2008E
•next IPv6 Summit,
Books come with 24 hour tech support, lunch, and a friendship
Closing ThoughtThank you!
Please stay in touch.
Alex Lightman
Tel. 310 717 7745
You are invited to attend the next IPv6 Summit in Santa Monica, CA at the Loews Resort Hotel
www.usipv6.com