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Iraq
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• Ottoman colony pre WWI
• British mandate post WWI
• Independence post WWII• Saudi Prince installed as
King
• US/GB backed
• Never seen as legitimate
• Three groups competing for power
• Overthrown in 1958
• Rise of the Ba’ath Party in 1960s• Saddam Hussein
• Consolidates power and ruled as a dictator
• Overthrown in 2003
Overview of Modern Iraq
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Persian Gulf War• In 1990 Saddam invades Kuwait.
• Internal revolts by Shia Muslims and Kurds against Saddam
• In 1991 UN forces drive Iraqi forces out
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Coalition Forces for the First Gulf War
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Results of the Persian Gulf War• Saddam Hussein defeated but not overthrown
• Internal Kurdish and Shiite revolts crushed
• Shows how oil dictates the actions of the international community
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What do these lists represent?
• United States United Kingdom Australia Poland Denmark Philippines (medical support)
• United StatesSaudi ArabiaKuwaitUnited Arab EmiratesOmanQatarPakistanAfghanistanEgyptAustraliaSouth KoreaPhilippines (medical support)Argentina United KingdomFranceItalySpainPolandNorwayGreeceNetherlands
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Second Gulf War
• Goals
• Disarm Iraq of WMDs
• Overthrow Saddam
• Destroy terrorist cells
• Democratize Iraq
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Results• Bush declared the war over
in May 2003
• Hussein executed in 2006
• US troops leave in 2011
• Weak and ineffective democratic government
• Why?
• Rise of ISIS in 2014
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The Iraq War through cartoons
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