1ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
5G: From Concept to RealityJames Kimery
Director of Marketing, Wireless Research
@jameskimery
5ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Hyper Connected Everything
Data rate
Capacity
Power Consumption
Coexistence
Security
Monitoring
6ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
5G
5G 5G
Wireless Requires Massive Platform Expansion
> 10 Gbps
peak rates
> 100K
connections
per cell
< 1 ms
latency
7ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Prototyping Is Critical for Algorithm Research
“Experience shows that the real world often breaks some of the assumptions made in theoretical research, so testbeds are an important tool for evaluation under very realistic operating conditions”
“…development of a testbed that is able to test radical ideas in a complete, working system is crucial”
1NSF Workshop on Future Wireless
Communication Research
Platforms Enabling Advanced Wireless Research (PAWR)
8ni.com
Approaching The Pivotal Moment
We are here
Source: www.gsmhistory.com/who_created-gsm
Technical ideas from a huge number of sources
Implementation by a large number of suppliers & operators
5G
Broad Based Adoption
Pivotal Moment of Standardization 1987
1982-85
1988-91
Birth of GSM The Pivotal Year
GSM
Billions of Devices
Multiple Ideas
9ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Proposed 3GPP Release 15 / 5G Timeline
RAN#72
Jun 16
RAN#69
Sep 15
Channel Modeling
RAN1 SI Evaluation of Solutions RAN1 WG Specification of Solutions
RAN1 Scope / Req’s
RAN#75
Mar 17
RAN#75
Dec 17
SA R15
RAN#79
Jun 18
RAN#79
Mar 18
WI Rel 15
NSA
R15“New Radio” Phase 1
10ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
RF Communications Lead User Program
• Established in 2010• Goals: Further wireless research through prototyping
• Research Institutions• Academic
• Industry
• Over 100 research papers published
12ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Utilize potential of
extremely wide bandwidths
at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for
commercial wireless.
Consistent connectivity
meeting the 1000x traffic
demand for 5G
Dramatically increased
number of antenna
elements on base station.
5G Vectors
Improve bandwidth
utilization through evolving
PHY Level and flexible
numerology
Multi-RAT
Enhanced PHYMassive MIMOAdvanced
Wireless Networks mmWave
• Densification
• SDN
• NFV
• CRAN
13ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
NI 5G Research Initiatives
Massive MIMO Wireless Networks Multi-RAT mmWave
USRP RIOPXI SystemsPersonal Computers
14ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Utilize potential of
extremely wide bandwidths
at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for
commercial wireless.
Consistent connectivity
meeting the 1000x traffic
demand for 5G
Dramatically increased
number of antenna
elements on base station.
5G Vectors
Improve bandwidth
utilization through evolving
PHY Level and flexible
numerology
Multi-RAT
Enhanced PHYMassive MIMOAdvanced
Wireless Networks mmWave
• Densification
• SDN
• NFV
• CRAN
16ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
NI and Lund University Collaborate on Massive MIMO
Goal:
Build a massive MIMO prototype 100 antenna system with real time processing capabilities
Challenges:
System complexity
100 Synchronized Tx / Rx chains
Data throughput for processing
Aggregation of multiple channels
Heterogeneous computation
Prof Ove Edfors Prof Fredrik Tufvesson
17ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Facebook announces ARIES
Testbed
71 bits/Second/Hz
96 Antennas, 24 Users(USRP RIO, LV, Custom LV Code Base)
April 2016
Bristol Smashes Spectral Efficiency
Record
>146.4 bits/Second/Hz
128 Antennas, 22 Users(USRP RIO, LV, NI LU Code Base)
May 2016
Massive MIMO Successes
19ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Hardware Architecture:
128 Base Station Antennas x 12 UE Antennas @ 20 MHz
NI PCIe Switch Boxes for Data
NI Octoclocks for Clocking
…
Laptops+USRP RIO
As UEs
NI FlexRIOs or Atrox for
MIMO Co-processing
21ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Utilize potential of
extremely wide bandwidths
at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for
commercial wireless.
Consistent connectivity
meeting the 1000x traffic
demand for 5G
Dramatically increased
number of antenna
elements on base station.
5G Vectors
Improve bandwidth
utilization through evolving
PHY Level and flexible
numerology
Multi-RAT
Enhanced PHYMassive MIMOAdvanced
Wireless Networks mmWave
• Densification
• SDN
• NFV
• CRAN
22ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Advanced Wireless Prototypes
Texas A&M
Advanced MAC
Research
NI Lead
User Group
Open LTEWiFi
Coexistence
Testbed
CROWD
SDN ABSF Network
System
NS-3
Intel
CRAN-Massive
MIMO
23ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
5G Advanced Wireless Networks Research
• Hyper dense networks
• Software defined networking (SDN)
• Cloud radio access network (cRAN)
• Cellular/802.11 coexistence and co-ordination
• Next generation 802.11 stack
24ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Architecture for Protocol Stack Explorations
PHY/MAC Stack in LabVIEW
Open Source Upper Layer Stack (e.g. ns-3)
LTE802.11 MTC IoT
LTE Ref Design802.11 Ref Design
NI Hardware
25ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Real LTE OTA Experiments with NS-3 Network Simulator
L1-L2 API
PHY
L1-L2 API
eNBUE
L1-L2 API
MAC
PHY
L1-L2 API
UL
DL
RLC
PDCP
IP
APP
MAC
RLC
PDCP GTP
UDP
IP
GTP
UDP
IP
IP
SGW/PGW
DA/AD+RF DA/AD+RF
PHY
Emu
eNBUE
PHY
Emu
MAC
RLC
PDCP
IP
APP
MAC
RLC
PDCP GTP
UDP
IP
GTP
UDP
IP
IP
SGW/PGW
26ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Utilize potential of
extremely wide bandwidths
at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for
commercial wireless.
Consistent connectivity
meeting the 1000x traffic
demand for 5G
Dramatically increased
number of antenna
elements on base station.
5G Vectors
Improve bandwidth
utilization through evolving
PHY Level and flexible
numerology
Multi-RAT
Enhanced PHYMassive MIMOAdvanced
Wireless Networks mmWave
• Densification
• SDN
• NFV
• CRAN
27ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
The Question of Frequency: WRC-15 Outcome
• The ITU released a list of globally viable frequencies for 5G mmWave
technologies
28ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
FCC Embraces mmWave
37 to 38.6
Upper microwave flexible use
Unlicensed
27.5 - 28.3537 - 38.6
38.6 - 40 64 - 71
Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FNPRM)
71 -76 81 -86
24.25 – 24.45
24.75 – 25.25
31.8 – 33.4
42 - 42.5
47.2 – 50.2
50.4 – 52.6
3
7
t
o
3
8
.
6
29ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
Verizon “5G” Specification
• Adaption of “LTE” OFDM technology to cmWave/mmWave frequencies
• Fc = 28, 37, 39 GHz
• Adds control signaling for beam forming
• Applications
• Fixed, broadband wireless
• Mobility?
• Verizon contributing to 3GPP but this is NOT the 5G specification
∆fsc
[kHz]
Scaling
factor
BW
[MHz]
Slot dur.
[ms]
Sampling Rate
[MSps]
TX SRC factor
(fs / 3072 MSps)
TX SRC
factorization
Symb dur
[us]
CP dur
[us]
Symbols
per slot
75 5 100 0,100 153,60 20,00 5*2*2 13,33 0,9 7
150 10 200 0,100 307,20 10,00 5*2 6,67 0,5 14
300 20 400 0,100 614,40 5,00 5 3,33 0,2 28
32ni.com | NI CONFIDENTIAL
mmWave Prototypes and Channel Sounding
NYU Wireless
mmWave
Channel Sounding
NTT Docomo
73 GHz
BW = 1 GHz
Nokia
Multiple Prototypes
AT&T
Channel Sounding
Prof. Ted Rappaport
36ni.com
Timeline w/ NI Platform
Brooklyn 5G
Summit 2014
NIWeek 2015 MWC 2016
73 GHz 73 GHz 73 GHz
1 GHz 2 GHz 2 GHz
1x1 2x2 2x2
16 QAM 16 QAM 64 QAM
2.3 Gbps >10 Gbps >14.5 Gbps
Frequency
Bandwidth
Streams
Modulation
Peak rate
38ni.com
NI mmWave Transceiver System
The world’s first 2 GHz bandwidth mmWave transceiver covering the 71-76 GHz frequency band for channel sounding and real-time 2-way MIMO communications with coding.
Applications
• Cellular
• Wi-Fi
• Channel sounding
Capabilities
• 71 – 76 GHz
• 2 GHz Bandwidth
• MIMO
• Real-time 2-way communication
Q2 2016
40ni.com
Software Defined Radio Architecture
CPU
GPP
FPGA
DSP
D/A
D/A
A/D
A/D
VCO
PLL
VCO
PLL
90
0
90
0
Host ConnectionDetermines Streaming
Bandwidth Ex. Gigabit
E-net, PCIe
Multi-Processor SubsystemReal-time signal processor
• Physical Layer (PHY)
• ex FPGA, DSP
Host processor
• Medium Access Control (MAC) –
Rx/Txcontrol
• ex. Host GPP, multi-core CPU
Baseband
Converters
RF Front End• General Purpose
RF
• Dual LOs
• Contiguous
Frequency Range