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Calling All Cars: Cell Phone Networks and the Future of Traffic
Jeremiah Dunn
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OverviewIntroductionMobile MilleniumGoalComplexity of the ProblemGathering DataData FusionModeling the Flow of TrafficMobile CenturyConclusion
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IntroductionFixation of humanity on futuristic cars &
autonomous travel has drastically changed the modern car.
While not quite going in that direction, cheap sensors and network availability are essentially boosting the “brainpower” of our driving environment.
Between road-side sensors, dashboard GPS, and Smart phones many companies are provided with traffic data collection.
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Mobile MilleniumStarted in 2007One of the first large-scale projects for traffic
monitoringRun by Nokia, NAVTEQ, and UC Berkeley
Only able to be conceived and work thanks to the rise of the “smart-phone” thanks to embedded GPS
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GoalMerge road-side sensor networks with
smartphone GPS feedback to generate a real-time traffic monitoring situation.
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Complexity of the Solution
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Gathering DataVTLs (Virtual Trip Lines): to prevent constant
packet transfer, the phone will only upload statistics when it crosses a “checkpoint” along the VTLs.
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Data FusionIncoming data from many sources
GPS Buses Taxis Cars
Static Sensors Loop Detectors RFID tag readers
GPS may have faulty DataWalkers/Parked/etc
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Modeling the Flow of TrafficObvious way to think about modeling traffic
is by individual carsDesigned a new set of algorithms based on
fluid mechanics
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Mobile CenturyAll this data collection culminated in 2008 in
a test100 Cars mixed in a 10-mile stretch in Norther
California10 Hours and accounted for 2-5% of the cars
on the highwayMobile Millinum vs Google Maps w/ Traffic
Noticed a sudden red blotch appeared on the test stretch, but it took several minutes to appear on Google’s system.
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ConclusionWas able to detect and report a slow-down in
under a minuteProved that only a few cars were needed to
get the system to run efficiently (2-5%)Successful test has led to the concept and
technology demonstrated to become widespread into Google’s mobile Maps app.
Proved that the mobile scene was better performed than any static detector system.