Consider narrative voice:◦ Who is our narrator? What are the characteristics of the

narrator (i.e., young or old)? What is the dominant pov? How does narrative voice affect how the story is told & how we understand the story? Also see handout “Effect on the Work” available online

Tone:◦ How would you describe the tone of the short story?

(see handout “Tone Words” under “Prose Help”) How is tone revealed?

Theme: ◦ Message here? Consider what the narrator learns

through his experience and how this goes to theme. See Questions, page 20 for further guidance

John Updike’s “A & P” (1961)