Journal of Structural Engineering
and Management
STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical
(JoSEM)
Jan - April 2014
www.stmjournals.com
STM Publication, a strong initiative by Consortium E-Learning Network Private ltd.(Estd. 2006) was
launched in the year 2010 under the support and guidance by our esteemed Editorial and Advisory board
members from renowned institutes.
Objectives of STM Publication(s):
† Scientific, Technical and Medical research promotions.
† Publication of genuine Research/Review, Short Articles and Case Studies through proper review
process.
† Publishing Special Issues on Conferences.
† Preparing online platform for other print Journals.
† Empowering the libraries with online and print Journals in Scientific, Technical and Medical
domains.
† Publishing and distribution of books on various subjects which mainly falls in the category of
Nanotechnology, Scientific and technical writing & Environment, Health and Safety.
Salient Features:
† A bouquet of 100+ Journals that fall under Science, Technical & Medical domains.
† Employs Open Journals System (OJS) A Journal Management & Publishing System.
† The first and one of the fastest growing publication website in India as well as in abroad for its quality
and coverage.
† Rapid online submission and publication of papers, soon after their formal acceptance/ finalization.
† Facilitates linking with the other authors or professionals.
† Worldwide circulation and visibility.
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management
Focus and Scope Covers
† Vibration Impact,Stuctural Dynamics
† Experimental Mechanics
† Structural Engineering and Structural Mechanics
† Analytical and design Methods
† Bridge , Dam construction and analysis
† Repairs, Strengthening, Maintenance
† Innovative Structures
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management is published (frequency: three times a year) in India by STM
Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. Pvt.) The views expressed in the articles do not
necessarily reflect of the Publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored
products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products
mentioned in this publication.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any from without written
permission of the publisher.
To cite any of the material contained in this Journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the
beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact STM Journals ([email protected])
STM Publication(s)
STM Journals (division of Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd. ) having its Marketing office located at Office
No. 4, First Floor, CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journal.
Statements and opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the author(s) and are not the opinion of STM
Journals unless so stated.
Subscription Information and Order:
Cost of Journal:
— National Subscription: Rs. 3750/- per Journal (includes 3 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1500/copy
— International Subscription:
— Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 3 print issues)
— Online + Print-$199 (includes 3 print issues + online access of published back volumes )
To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at [email protected]
Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India includes speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change
without notice.
Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of
Consortium E-Learning Network. Pvt. ltd., payable at Delhi/New Delhi.
Online Access Policy
A). For Authors:
In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, STM Journals also have Open Access
Policy, authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at
nominal cost as follows
India, SARC and African Countries: INR 2500 or 100 USD including single hard copy of Author's Journal.
Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal.
B.) For Subscribers:
— Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of
correct information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber.
— The access will be blocked:
— If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking.
— Due to technical issue.
— Misuse of the access rights as per the access policy.
Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: STM Journals with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent
media for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars
etc. These journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each
published issue. The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are
also very welcome.
Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues:
— Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the
next issue as per the frequency.
— Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will
be entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends.
— Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored.
— Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to STM Journals at least 2 months prior to the dispatch
schedule as per the frequency by mentioning subscriber id and the subscription id.
— Refund requests will not be entertained.
Legal Disputes
All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only.
If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team:
[email protected]; Tel : +91 0120-4781211.
Chairman
Mr. Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director STM Journals, Consortium eLearning Network Pvt. Ltd.(CELNET)
Noida ,India
Group Managing Editor Dr. Archana Mehrotra
DirectorCELNET, Delhi, India
Puneet Pandeya
ManagerMonika Malhotra
Assistant Manager
Assistant Editors
Aditya Sanyal
Himani Garg
Himani Pandey
Publication Management Team
Internal Members
External Members
Dr. Bimlesh Lochab
Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance
Engineering Centre (ITMMEC)
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
Prof. S. Ramaprabhu
Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory,
Department of Physics,
Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.
Dr. Rajiv Prakash
School of Materials Science and Technology,
Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi, India.
Dr. Rakesh Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department of
Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra,
Patna, India.
Associate Editors
Gargi Asha Jha
Nupur Anand
Priyanka Aswal
Sona Chahal
STM Journal (s) Advisory Board
Dr. Ashish RunthalaLecturer, Biological Sciences Group,
Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.
Dr. Baldev RajDistinguished Scientist & Director,
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
(ICGAR)Kalpakkam, India.
Dr. Baskar KaliyamoorthyAssociate Professor, Department
of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.
Prof. Bankim Chandra RayProfessor and Head, Department of
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology,
Rourkela, India.
Prof.D. N. Rao Professor, Department of Biochemistry,
AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
Prof. Jugal KishoreProfessor, Department of Community
Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Dr. Pankaj PoddarScientist, Physical & Materials ChemistryDivision, National Chemical Laboratory,
Pune, India.
Dr. Hardev Singh VirkProfessor Emeritus, Eternal
University, Baru Sahib, India.
Dr. Nandini Chatterjee SinghAssociate Professor,
National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.
Dr. Shankargouda PatilAsst. Prof., Department of Oral
Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Prof. Subash Chandra MishraProfessor, Metallurgical & Materials
Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.
Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao GhugalProfessor and Head Department, Govt.College of Engineering Station Road,
Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.
Prof. Sundara RamaprabhuProfessor, Department of Physics
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.
Dr. Shrikant Balkisan DhootHead Research & Development,
Nurture Earth R&D Pvt LtdMIT Campus, Beed bypass road,
Aurangabad, India.
Dr. Rakesh KumarAssistant Professor,
Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India.
Dr. Priyavrat TharejaHead, Materials and Metallurgical
Engineering department, PEC University of Technology,
Chandigarh, India.
STM Journal (s) Advisory Board & Editorial Board
Dr. Suchandra BardhanAssociate Professor,Department of Architecture, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata, India.
Dr. Suhasini MadhekarAssociate Professor, Department of
Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, India.
Editorial Board
Dr. Anitha JosephProfessor, Department of Civil
Engineering TKMCollege of Engineering, Kerala, India.
Mr. Govardhan BhatAssistant Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, N.I.T, Raipur, India.
Dr. Kalyan Kumar Dasssociate Professor, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Assam Engineering College, Guwahati,
India.
Dr. M. ZeinoddiniAssociate Professor
KNT University of Technology,Tehran, Iran.
Dr. Govindaraja K. GuptaProfessor, Goa College of Engineering
Bhausaheb Bandodkar Technical Education Complex, Goa, India.
Dr. Dinesh KumarAssistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya
National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.
Dr. P. SivakumarChief Scientist, CSIR-Structural
Engineering Research Centre CSIR Campus, Chennai, India.
Dr. Partha BhattacharyaAssociate Professor, Department of
Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
Dr. Prem Pal BansalAssistant Professor, Department of
Civil Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, India.
Dr. Priyadarsini RSAssociate Professor, Dept. of
Civil Engg, College of Engg., Trivandrum, India.
Dr. R. K. PanditProfessor & Head, Department of Architecture, MITS , Gwalior, MP,
India.
Dr. Ramadhansyah Putra JayaFaculty of Civil Engineering,
Polytechnic Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, Malaysia.
I take the privilege to present the print version for the Volume 1 Issue (1) of Journal of Structural
Engineering and Management. The intension of JoSEM is to create an atmosphere that stimulates
creativeness, research and growth in the area of Structural Engineering and Management.
The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by
eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoSEM provides an outlet for Research findings and
reviews in areas of Structural Engineering and Management found to be relevant for National and
International recent developments & research initiative.
The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for
the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and
research in the domain of Structural Engineering and Management.
Finally, and Authors for their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the
form of authoring I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board write
ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With
regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality
Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.
I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.
Dr. Archana Mehrotra
Director
STM Journals
Director's Desk
STM JOURNALS
1. Comparative Study of PSC Spun Pole using Higher Grade Concrete without and with Discontinuous Glass Fiber M. B. Varma, S. T. Patil 1
2. History and Development of Design of Regime Channels: A State of the Art Review Govardhan, Allolli C. M 7
3. Development of Controlled Concrete by using Hypo SludgeN. Sivakumar, R. Manikandan, C.K. Sidhardhan, S. Saravanan, P. Dinesh 16
4. Study on Variation of Bond using Anti Corrosive Reagents on Reinforcing Steel BarK.M. Bipul Shahriar , Sakia Azam, S. M. Hasan Ibna Mizan 22
ContentsJournal of Structural Engineering and Management
JoSEM (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management
Volume 1, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Comparative Study of PSC Spun Pole using Higher Grade
Concrete without and with Discontinuous Glass Fiber
M. B. Varma, S. T. Patil* Department of Applied Mechanics, Government College of Engineering Aurangabad,
Maharashtra, India
Abstract This experimental study was carried out on the prestressed concrete spun pole of length 13 m with and without use of anti-crack discontinuous glass fiber in high-strength
concrete. The pole is having outer diameter at top and bottom as 206 mm and 379 mm
respectively. The pole is having thickness 50~55 mm. The investigations were done to study the effect of use of high dispersion discontinuous glass fiber on deflection of spun
pole when design load of 350 kg is applied to it. The investigations were also done to
study final recovery of deflection after removal of the load. The horizontal load is applied and increased in specific fractions up to design load and corresponding deflections of the
pole is measured. Simultaneously, the pole is observed for the appearance of the cracks on the surface area. Final recovery of the deflection is noted after removal of the design
load. The same procedure was repeated by increasing the load beyond the designed load.
All the above parameters (deflection, crack pattern, recovery) were observed. Considerable improvement in the properties of PSC spun poles was observed during
practical investigations.
Keywords: PSC, GFRC, deflection, cracks, recovery
JoSEM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management
Volume 1 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
History and Development of Design of Regime
Channels: A State of the Art Review
Govardhan1*, Allolli C. M.
2
1Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Raipur, Raipur, India
2Karnataka Irrigation Department, Karnataka, India
Abstract Channels carrying sediment laden water and constructed in erodible alluvial materials
must be designed to be silt stable or in regime such canals by definition neither scour nor silt. The design of channel involves the selection of channel alignment, shape, size
and bottom slope. In general, a channel changes incessantly in its position, shape and
slope, as a consequence of hydraulic forces acting on its bed and banks. The design of irrigation system was first introduced based on the theory regime put forward by
Gerald Lacey during the period 1924–1934. Some canals that were designed using Lacey theory have not been satisfactory. A common problem found in the design of
channels was siltation. In this paper the history and development of “theory of regime
channels” has been discussed. Several theories were proposed since from last three century. Brief review on all regime theories based on literature available has been
presented.
Keywords: design of channel, sediment, Regime theory
JoSEM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management
Volume 1 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Development of Controlled Concrete by using
Hypo Sludge
N. Sivakumar*, R. Manikandan, C.K. Sidhardhan, S. Saravanan, P. Dinesh Department of Civil Engineering, Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Tirupur, TamilNadu, India
Abstract Over 300 million tones of industrial wastes are being produced per annum by chemical
and agricultural process in India. These materials pose problems of disposal and health hazards.The wastes like phosphogypsum, fluorogypsum and red mud contain obnoxious
impurities which adversely affect the strength and other properties of building materials
based on them. Out of several wastes being produced at present, the use of phosphogypsum, flurogypsum, lime sludge, hypo sludge, red mud, and mine tailing is of
paramount significance to protect the environment.Paper making generally produces a large amount of solid waste. Paper fibers can be recycled only a limited number of times
before they become too short or weak to make high quality paper. It means that the
broken, low- quality paper fibers are separated out to become waste sludge. All the inks, dyes, coatings, pigments, staples and “stickies” (tape, plastic films, etc.) are also
washed off the recycled fibers to join the waste solids.The shiny finish on glossy magazine-type paper is produced using a fine kaolin clay coating, which also becomes
solid waste during recycling. This paper mill sludge consumes a large percentage of
local landfill space for each and every year. Worse yet, some of the wastes are land spread on cropland as a disposal technique, raising concerns about trace contaminants
building up in soil or running off into area lakes and streams. Some companies burn
their sludge in incinerators, contributing to our serious air pollution problems. To
reduce disposal and pollution problems emanating from these industrial wastes, it is
most essential to develop profitable building materials from them. Keeping this in view, investigations were undertaken to produce low cast concrete by blending various ratios
of cement with hypo sludge. This project is concerned with experimental investigation
on strength of concrete and optimum percentage of the partial replacement by replacing cement via 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 % and 70 % of Hypo Sludge.
Keywords: Paper industry waste, phosphogypsum, fluorogypsum, hypo sludge,
low cost concrete
JoSEM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Structural Engineering and Management
Volume 1, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Study on Variation of Bond using Anti Corrosive
Reagents on Reinforcing Steel Bar
K.M. Bipul Shahriar *, Sakia Azam, S. M. Hasan Ibna Mizan Design division, ACE Consultants Ltd., DOHS Baridhara, Dhaka-1206, Bangladesh
Abstract Variation of bond stress with different anti corrosive reagent was determined. When bar
is embedded in concrete it is corroded in course of time and corrosion products form pit or holes on the surface of reinforcing bar and reduce cross sectional area of steel and
also reduce bond capacity. To protect corrosion, different anti corrosive reagent are
available in the market. But the effect of bond, of reinforcing bar with surrounding concrete depending on product type is not known to users. A study are therefore felt
important in this study. It is seen that if anti corrosive reagent is used to protect corrosion as the companies claim reduces bond stress from 13-37% depending on type of
material (Brick aggregate or stone aggregate) and ratio (1:2:4 and 1:1.5:3).
Development length of rebar for situation when anti corrosive reagent is used should be increase.
Keywords: Moon star paint, Berger paint, Asian paints, Aqua paint, Khoa, Sylhet