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PERKEMBANGAN PENGOBATAN HERBAL:
SEJARAH, KEBIJAKAN DAN REGULASI
oleh :Prof.Dr.dr.M.T.Kamaluddin, MSc.,SpFK
Ketua Bagian FarmakologiFakultas Kedokteran Unsri
Kuliah PilihanFakultas Kedokteran
Uni ersitas Muhammadiah Palem!ang
Palem!ang, " Desem!er #$%&
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Objektif
1.Seja a! "e ke#ba$%a$ "e$%%&$aa$!e ba'(Obat T a)i*i+$a' I$)+$e*ia OTI-)a$ '&a $e%e i
.Kebijaka$ )a$ e%&'a*i "e#e i$ta! RI
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The Economist – Dec 13 th -19 th 2003 The Economist Dec 13 th-19 th 2003
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Traditional, Complementaryand Alternative Medicine
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1. belongs to the trash bin
2. has no role or place inhealth care given its lack of a “scientific base
3. has some therape!ticpossibilities
" think that T#$% &
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Key facts"n some $sian an' $frican co!ntries()0* of the pop!lation 'epen' ontra'itional me'icine +T%, for primarhealth care.
erbal me'icines are the most l!crative
form of tra'itional me'icine( generatingbillions of 'ollars in reven!e.Tra'itional me'icine can treat vario!sinfectio!s an' chronic con'itions/ neantimalarial 'r!gs ere 'evelope' fromthe 'iscover an' isolation of artemisininfrom Artemisia annua .( a plant !se' in#hina for almost 2000 ears.#o!nterfeit( poor !alit ( or a'!lterate'herbal pro'!cts in international marketsare serio!s patient safet threats.%ore than 100 co!ntries havereg!lations for herbal me'icines.
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Users of TM"n some $sian an' $frican co!ntries()0* of the pop!lation 'epen' ontra'itional me'icine for primarhealth care."n man 'evelope' co!ntries( 0*
to )0* of the pop!lation has !se'some form of alternative orcomplementar me'icine +e.g.ac!p!nct!re,.
erbal treatments are the mostpop!lar form of tra'itional me'icine(an' are highl l!crative in theinternational marketplace. $nn!alreven!es in 4estern E!rope reache'567 8 billion in 2003-200 . "n #hinasales of pro'!cts totale' 567 1billion in 2008. erbal me'icinereven!e in :ra;il as 567 1
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BackgroundTra'itional me'icine +T%, has al a smaintaine' its pop!larit orl' i'e. "na''ition( over the last 'eca'e( e haveseen an increasing !se ofcomplementar an' alternativeme'icines +#$%, in man 'evelope'an' 'eveloping co!ntries. The safetan' efficac of tra'itional me'icine an'complementar an' alternativeme'icines( as ell as !alit control(have become important concerns forboth health a!thorities an' the p!blic.=ario!s tra'itional me'icine practiceshave been 'evelope' in 'ifferentc!lt!res in 'ifferent regions( b!titho!t a parallel 'evelopment ofinternational stan'ar's an' appropriatemetho's for eval!ating tra'itionalme'icine Therefore( sharing nationale>perience an' information is cr!cial.
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Herbal medicines users
http://www.who.int/medicinedocs/index/assoc/s7916e/p040.jpg
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T#$% ?esearch"nstit!te for Tra'itional %e'icines+#6"?( %?# @ 4 A,
"n'igeno!s Bno le'ge 6 stems
Cational ?esearch o!n'ation
5niversities
5sef!l lants Far'en - Birstenbosch Ethno veterinar practice
Ref: Moorman & Pick, 1998
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rescription
BMJ 2001G322/1< -1<
+ 20 Han!ar ,
Ance the m!ti is obtaine'( it can betaken in vario!s a s( 'epen'ing onits form an' nat!re. 4hile some m!ti is I!st goo' for ashing ith( smearingon oneJs bo' ( or for b!rning an'inhaling( other m!ti is 'esigne' forelaborate !ses like !k!phala;a+reg!rgitating,( !k!chatha +appl ingb means of an enema,( ornok!g !ma +steaming,.
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rescription
K"sen'e lehashiK +horse penis,KLamaf!f!n aneK +for nightmares an'h steria,( KA ob!sokaK +g!arantee'to improve the romantic fort!nes of abachelor,( KLikatokolosheK +to ar'off an imaginar evil goblin sai' to
sprea' terror at night,
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Zimbabwe healer
moots magicchastity potion
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$ !rve'ic reparations
:ronchial asthma( ischaemic heart'isease an' h perlipi'aemia#!rc!min - rhe!matoi' arthritis$c!te viral hepatitis
terocarp!s mars!pi!m effective inre'!cing levels of bloo' gl!cose an'gl cos late' haemoglobin in patients ithnon-ins!lin-'epen'ent 'iabetes mellit!s
ist!la-in-ano patients ere ran'omise'to s!rger or application of me'icate'threa' + Bsharsootra ,. 6!rgical treatmentle' to a faster c!re b!t rec!rrence rates
ere lo er ith me'icate' threa'.
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Tra'itional #hinese6 stems of %e'icine
erbal reme'ies( ac!p!nct!re(ac!press!re( massage an' mo>ib!stion
0* of all health care 'elivere' in #hinaThe first 'oc!mente' so!rce of #hineseme'ical theor ( the !ang'i Cei Hing
+K"nner #lassic of the Mello EmperorK,as ritten bet een 300 :# an' 100 :#
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Tra'itional #hinese6 stems of %e'icine
BMJ 199 G318/118-11 +12 H!l ,
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/315/7100/115/F2http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/315/7100/115/F1
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O i%i$ +f T a)iti+$a' /!i$e*e
Me)i0i$e?ecor'e' historover (000 earsol'
earliest books onthe fo!n'ation ofT#%( originating asearl as 1000 :.#.
Huang Di Nei Jing or “ e!!o" Em#erors$!assic of Me%icine
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Ta+i*t P!i'+*+"!
T#% 'erive' fromTaoist philosophbelief that h!mane>perience is affecte'b ca!sativeprinciples in theenvironmentprinciples( correlate tofate as 'ecree' bheaven
'a()a
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De2e'+"#e$t +f T a)iti+$a'/!i$e*e Me)i0i$e
originall han'e' 'o n onl thro!gh
personal apprenticeshipno 28 maIor colleges of T#%totaling abo!t 20(000 st!'ents in eachschool at an given timeco!rses range from !n'ergra'!ate tothe 'octoral( in both 4estern me'icinean' T#%
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Main Concept of TCM: Yin Yang
* Theor+ that e er+thin in the )ni erse contains the t"o as#ectsof in an% an , "hich are in o##osition an% a!so in)nison.The+ are #o!ar o##osites inherent an% %iscerna/!e ine er+thin , an% are ne er a/so!)te.
* an )a!ities: %+namic, e terna!, )#"ar%, ascen%in , /ri!!iant, #ro ressi e, h+#eracti e, s)#erficia!, heat, !i ht, o#en,ener +
* in )a!ities: static, interna!, %o"n"ar%, %escen%in , %)!!,
retro ressi e, h+#oacti e, %ark "et, co!%, matter
http://www.angelfire.com/moon/aiwendil/yin-yang.jpg
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Wu Xing: Five Phases ( e'e#e$t* )
*ori ina!!+ a #hi!oso#hica! theor+ inancient $hina, !ater a%a#te% tome%ica! #ractice, /ecomin an
im#ortant #art of T$M theor+*)ni ersa! inter%e#en%ence of a!!thin s an% e ents
*)se% to e #!ain an% e #an% a seriesof me%ica! #ro/!ems /+ com#arin"ith an% %e%)cin from m)t)a!re!ationshi#s
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T3+ E4a#"'e* +f Re'ati+$*!i"*Bet3ee$ P!a*e*: Niang Be + inter- inhibition( or control , /
oo' inhibits earth( earth inhibits ater(ater inhibits fire( fire inhibits metal( an'
metal inhibits oo'
Niang 6heng + inter-generation ,/ oo'generates fire( fire generates earth( earthgenerates metal( metal generates ater( an'
ater generates oo'
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O #assa es thro) h "hich i ener + 4 an% /!oo% circ)!ate
* connect the 5iscera "ith the !im/s, connect the )##er an% !o"er #arts "ith the interior an% e terior of the /o%+, an% re )!ate themechanisms of the ario)s #arts of the /o%+
* inc!)%e the 6in -mai the channe!s or meri%ians 4 an% !)o-mai the co!!atera! channe!s 47 it is s#ecifica!!+ thro) h these
str)ct)res that the h)man /o%+ /ecomes an an or anic "ho!e* no o/6ecti e #roof as to the act)a! e istence of in an% )o.
o"e er, the channe!s ha e !on /een confirme% thro) h c!inica!)sa e, an% the+ are a!so confirma/!e s)/6ecti e!+
Jing Luo /!a$$e'* + Me i)ia$*-a$) T!ei /+''ate a'*
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Distribution of the 14 eri!ians of the han! an! foot
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Met!+)* +f T eat#e$t
$c!p!nct!reerbs
T!i Ca
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H+3 )+e* T/M 3+ k5=ital energ calle' Qi is the life force that'rives all living things. Qi flo s thro!ghmeri'ians +also calle' channels, in thebo' similar to ater flo ing in a river. T elve primar meri'ians( eachassociate' ith an organ s stemDisease occ!rs ith imbalance( res!ltingin e>cess of 'eficient amo!nts of Pi inthe meri'ians.T#% orks to alleviate this imbalancean' restore harmon
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H+3 )+e* A0&"&$0t& e3+ k5
points are locate' thro!gho!t the bo' an'act as gate a s to infl!ence( re'irect(increase or 'ecrease the vital “s!bstanceQ ofQi corrects imbalances that ca!se 'iseaseresearch programs have been con'!cte'to ar's !n'erstan'ing the mechanism ofac!p!nct!re ith impressive res!lts.
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;ncient ;c)#)nct)re:
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6!at i* Tui Na 5relativel ne to the estern orl'combines the ork of massage therap (chiropractic an' T#%establishes a more harmonio!s flo of Pi
thro!gho!t the s stem of channels an'collaterals( allo ing the bo' to nat!rall healitself.Tui Na encompasses three techni !es
1. Ma**a%e to treat the soft tiss!e +m!scles an'
ten'ons of the bo'2. A0&" e**& e to affect the flo of the Pi7. A)j&*t#e$t* for realignment
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Tui Na Hand Positions
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Ab+&t /!i$e*e He b*
important component of T#% herbal form!las are as effective no asthe ere more then (000 ears ago
hen the ere first intro'!ce'form!las contain 2 - 1) 'ifferent t pes ofherbs!se' to treat a i'e variet of s mptoms
hile stim!lating the bo' s nat!ralhealing processnot a''ictive( po erf!l n!tritional agents
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$hinese er/ ea es
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T/M B +a) Ra$%e +f
T eat#e$t*;sthma ;!!er ies $o!%=>!)$o) h='ronchitis ea%aches TM
Tinnit)s ;rthritis ?steo#orosis
'ack=neck ache @ciatica Pain M mtAnferti!it+ De#ression @tress
;%%ictions @kin %iseases >i/rom+a! ia
PM@ Rhinitis 5ision
emi!#!e ia @e )a!%+sf)nction
i h /!oo% #ress)re
@troke i h $ho!estero! An6)ries
Tra)ma $hi!%renBsDiseases
>roCen @ho)!%er
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#$% an' Tra'itional %e'icine
5se in the 56$ revalence an''emographics5se 8*
p ear
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Evidence-based medicines ?$ total of 129 co!ntriesans ere' this !estionG forthe 'etaile' responses.
The categor chosen b the
most co!ntries as that ofa lack of research 'ata +109co!ntries,( follo e' b lackof appropriate mechanismsfor the control of herbalme'icines +93 co!ntries,(lack of e'!cation an'training +)< co!ntries,( lackof e>pertise ithin thenational health a!thoritiesan' control agenc + 0co!ntries, an' other +33co!ntries,.
4 A( 1991
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#$% becomes “pop!larQ 1998
C" Affice of Dietar 6!pplementsD$ 'eclassifies $c!p!nct!re
nee'les as e>perimental pro'!ct
199<C" #onsens!s #onference on$c!p!nct!re
199irst large trial of #$% therap ( 6t. Hohn s
4ort for 'epression
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199)
Cational #enter for #omplementar @$lternative %e'icine +C##$%, establishe'http/SSnccam.nih.govS
irst f!ll scale article in H$%$ on herbalme'icineAffice of #ancer #omplementar an'$lternative %e'icine +A##$%, establishe'http/SS .cancer.govScamS
2001#$% on !b%e' +C##$% an' C %,
2009 - 729< million in C" #$% research
http://nccam.nih.gov/http://www.cancer.gov/cam/http://www.cancer.gov/cam/http://nccam.nih.gov/
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"mpact of #$%#D# ?eport +200 ,
3)* of a'!lts !se' some form of #$%
#hil'ren hose parent !se' #$% ere 2> aslikel to have !se' #$%
#$% !se more prevalent for/ omen( a'!ltsage' 30-
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#omplementar an'$lternative %e'icine +#$%,/+#"'e#e$ta #e)i0i$e
5se' together ith conventional medicine $lso calle' allopath ( 4estern( mainstream(ortho'o>( biome'icine
A'te $ati2e #e)i0i$e"n place of conventional me'icineFenerall incorporates a holistic approach(
foc!s on treating hole bo' an' min'#hanges as some #$% practices become moremainstream
5se' i'el thro!gho!t the orl'
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#omplementar an' $lternative%e'icine +#$%,6!+ &*e* it5
3
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#omplementar an' $lternative%e'icine +#$%,
/AM i$ t!e U.S. t+)a?ela>ation#hiropractic%assage6elf-help
Energ healingAther therapies
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ig!re 1 .1
?easons $'!lts in the 5nite'6tates 5se #$%
H ! b i Ab $ li
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3
Ham! sebagai Abat $sli"n'onesia +1,
Dapat 'ilihat pa'a ?eliefBarma ibhangga #an'i:orob!'!r
Ham! +Hampi,/ :ahasa Ha a('apat 'item!kan pa'a naskahk!no( seperti Fhatotkacasra a+%p! an!l!h,
Caskah Ham! berik!tn a/ 6erat#enthini +1)1 ,( 6erat Ba r!h:ab Hampi-Hampi Ha i +1)31,
%in!m
Jamu
H ! b g i Ab t $ li
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Ham! sebagai Abat $sli"n'onesia +2,
Na*ka! Ja#& +'e! O a$% E +"a e a k+'+$ia' ,
istoria Cat!ralist et %e'ica "n'iae +Macob!s :onti!s(1
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A'te $ati2e Me)i0a' S *te#*T a)iti+$a' /!i$e*e #e)i0i$e
roper balance of Pi +“chiQ,$c!p!nct!re( herbal me'icine( massage(
igong
A & 2e)aTra'itional in "n'ia “6cience of lifeQ
H+#e+"at! “ ike c!res likeQ
erbal me'icine( minerals( an' chemicals in'il!te' forms
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A'te $ati2e Me)i0a' S *te#*Nat& +"at!
?estore health rather than c!re 'iseaseDiet( clinical n!trition( homeopath ( ac!p!nct!re(herbal me'icine( h 'rotherap ( manip!lation( lighttherap ( therape!tic co!nseling( pharmacolog
Have you ever used one of these non-traditional practices?
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#omplementar an' $lternative%e'icine +#$%,
Maj+ )+#ai$* +f /AM $+$a''+"at!i0-%anip!lative an' bo' -base' practicesEnerg me'icine%in'-bo' me'icine:iologicall base' practices
T! D # i$* f / #"' # $
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ig!re 1 .2
T!e D+#ai$* +f /+#"'e#e$taa$) A'te $ati2e Me)i0i$e
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T&j&a$ te a"i a'alah /
1. %emperpanIang harapan hi'!p 'enganharapan mencegah kematian lebih 'ini.
2. %emperpanIang k!alitas hi'!p + quality of
life , sehingga kecacatan akibat s!at!pen akit 'apat 'ihin'ari ata! 'iminimalisir.3. %engatasi kel!an ata! geIala ang
menIa'i masalah pen'erita.
$'ap!n cara mencapai t!I!an terseb!t melal!ipenanganan pen'erita secara komprehensip ang melip!ti!pa a promotif( preventif( k!ratif 'an rehabilitatif.
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#$%- elengkap
- - pilihan lain- --
'iversifikasi
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%anip!lative an' :o' :ase'ractices
/!i +" a0ti0 #e)i0i$eMa**a%e t!e a"
B+) 3+ kel'enkrais
?olfing
6hiats!Trager bo' ork
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E$e % #e)i0i$e
:iofiel'sPigong
?eikiTherape!tic to!ch
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Energ %e'icine
A0&"&$0t& eCee'les inserte' at critical points +meri'ians,P!alifications%an get relief
A0&" e**& e5ses press!re instea' of nee'les
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%in'-:o' %e'icine
P* 0!+$e& +i##&$+'+% PNI-E>cessive stress can lea' to imm!ne s stem ' sf!nction$ctivities that involve !ieting the min'
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:iologicall :ase' ractices
++)* a* !ea'i$% a%e$t*!nctional foo's
C!trace!ticals
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Diseases an' #on'itions
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Top #$% Therapies
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Asean users6HO S+&t!;Ea*t A*iaRe%i+$ / :angla'esh( :h!tan(Democratic eople s ?ep!blic ofBorea( "n'ia( "n'onesia(%al'ives( % anmar( Cepal( 6ri
anka( Thailan'( Timor este2.
2 Cot a 4 A %ember 6tate atthe time of 'istrib!tion of the
!estionnaire( an' thereforenot incl!'e' in the Flobal6!rve .
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International diversityTra'itional me'icinepractices have beena'opte' in 'ifferent
c!lt!res an' regionsitho!t the parallela'vance ofinternational
stan'ar's an'metho's foreval!ation.
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ifferent conce!t/+#"'e#e$ta (a'te $ati2e #e)i0i$e
/AM-: often refers to a broa' set of healthcare practices that are not part of a co!ntr so n tra'ition an' are not integrate' into the'ominant health care s stem.Ather terms sometimes !se' to 'escribe thesehealth care practices incl!'e “nat!ralme'icineQ( “nonconventional me'icineQ an'
“holistic me'icineQ.He ba' #e)i0i$e: plant 'erive' material orpreparations ith therape!tic or other h!manhealth benefits( hich contain either ra orprocesse' ingre'ients from one or more plants."n some tra'itions( material of inorganic oranimal origin ma also be present.T a)iti+$a' #e)i0i$e TM-: is the s!m totalof kno le'ge( skills an' practices base' on thetheories( beliefs an' e>periences in'igeno!s to'ifferent c!lt!res( hether e>plicable or not(!se' in the maintenance of health as ell as inprevention( 'iagnosis( improvement ortreatment of ph sical an' mental illnesses.
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"H# res!onse4 A an' its %ember 6tates cooperateto promote the !se of tra'itionalme'icine for health care. Thecollaboration aims to/s!pport an' integrate tra'itionalme'icine into national health s stems
in combination ith national polic an'reg!lation for pro'!cts( practices an'provi'ers to ens!re safet an' !alit Gens!re the !se of safe( effective an'
!alit pro'!cts an' practices( base'on available evi'enceGackno le'ge tra'itional me'icine aspart of primar health care( to increaseaccess to care an' preserve kno le'gean' reso!rcesG an'ens!re patient safet b !pgra'ing theskills an' kno le'ge of tra'itionalme'icine provi'ers.
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DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 ORTRADITIONAL MEDI/INE
Tra'itional me'icine is the kno le'ge( skillsan' practice of holistic health care(recogni;e'an' accepte' for its role in the maintenanceof health an' the treatment of 'iseases.
"t is base' on "n'igeno!s +originatinghere it is fo!n', theories( beliefs an'
e>periences that are han'e' 'o n fromgeneration to generation.
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DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 OR
TRADITIONAL MEDI/INE"n the 4est( the !mbrella term complementaran' alternative me'icine +#$%, is i'el accepte'as incl!'ing both tra'itional me'icine an' more
recent forms of non-stan'ar' me'icine.
$ recent mo'ification of the ell-kno n #ochrane 'efinition 'escribe' #$% as incl!'ing/
Kall s!ch practices an' i'eas self-'efine' b their!sers as preventing or treating illness orpromoting health an' ell-being.
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4 A ill ork ith co!ntries/to ens!re the safe an' effective !se of
tra'itional me'icine of an acceptable!alit G an'to promote the recognition of tra'itionalme'icine an' to s!pport its integrationinto mainstream health services.
DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 OR
TRADITIONAL MEDI/INE
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Tra'itional me'icine has an establishe' promotive(preventive( c!rative an' rehabilitative role.
"t can be the main form of health care( or anintegrate' component of mainstream health care(or an alternative or complement to the main formof health care.
DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 OR
TRADITIONAL MEDI/INE
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DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 ORTRADITIONAL MEDI/INE
The 4 A ?egional #ommittee has a'opte' t oresol!tions(
4 ?S?#3
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DRA T REGIONAL STRATEG9 ORTRADITIONAL MEDI/INE
#o!ntries are enco!rage' to i'entifho far tra'itional me'icine has beenrecogni;e' an' integrate' intomainstream health services.The form!lation of strategic goals(action plans an' time frames 'epen'son the level of recognition an'integration in each co!ntr .
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Uti'i
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6ome patients ma go to tra'itional me'icine after!nsatisfactor treatment from mo'ern me'icine.
"n all these cases( the effectiveness of tra'itionalme'icine an' cons!mer satisfaction ith servicespla s an important role in maintaining an'increasing p!blic interest in tra'itional me'icine.
Uti'i
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"n some co!ntries( tra'itional me'icineis practise' not onl at the primar
health care level b!t also in hospitalsprovi'ing secon'ar an' tertiar care.
"n other co!ntries( tra'itional me'icineis !se' mainl as famil an'comm!nit -base' practice.
Uti'i
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Nee) f+ a$ e2i)e$0e;ba*e) a"" +a0!
Deman's from the p!blic have le' toincreasing involvement in tra'itionalme'icine b the scientific comm!nit . %an
me'ical 'octors have beg!n to !se tra'itionalreme'ies an' techni !es in their 'ailpractice.
5niversities an' me'ical schoolsoffer f!ll-time 'egree co!rses or short intro'!ctorco!rses on tra'itional me'icine.
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Engage' in researchon tra'itionalme'icine. 6omeresearchers areattempting toeval!ate the safetan' efficac oftra'itional me'icine(
hile others areengage' in researchinto ne 'r!gs an'other pro'!cts'erive' from plants.
Nee) f+ a$ e2i)e$0e;ba*e) a"" +a0!
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$n evi'ence-base'approach totra'itionalme'icine ill be animportant stepto ar's inharmoni;ingtra'itional an'mo'ern me'icine
an' enabling thet o s stems toork effectivel
si'e b si'e.
Nee) f+ a$ e2i)e$0e;ba*e) a"" +a0!
$ssessing the ?isks an'
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ig!re 1 .3
$ssessing the ?isks an':enefits of #$% Treatments
"ntegrate' %e'icine
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O integration
O complementarities
O rivalr
O co-e>istence
ntegrate %e icine"nitiative
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O tra'itional @ alternative s stems
O min' – bo' interventions
O biological – base' therapies
O manip!lative @ bo' movement metho's
O energ therapies
?evie of T#$% – maIor 'omains
Menurut UU 'o () Tahun #$$* tentangMenurut UU 'o () Tahun #$$* tentang
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Menurut UU o. () Tahun #$$ tentangKesehatan men+e!utkan definisi
!at tradisional adalah bahan atau ramuanbahan yang berupa bahan tumbuhan, bahan
hewan, bahan mineral, sediaan sarian (galenik)atau campuran dari bahan tersebut, yang secaraturun-temurun telah digunakan untuk pengobatandan dapat diterapkan sesuai dengan norma yangberlaku di masyarakat
Menurut UU o. () Tahun #$$ tentangKesehatan men+e!utkan definisi
!at tradisional adalah bahan atau ramuanbahan yang berupa bahan tumbuhan, bahan
hewan, bahan mineral, sediaan sarian (galenik)atau campuran dari bahan tersebut, yang secaraturun-temurun telah digunakan untuk pengobatandan dapat diterapkan sesuai dengan norma yangberlaku di masyarakat
!at her!al terstandar adalah sediaan obat bahan alam yangtelah dibuktikan keamanan dan khasiatnya secara ilmiah denganuji praklinik dan bahan bakunya telah di standarisasi.
!at her!al terstandar adalah sediaan obat bahan alam yangtelah dibuktikan keamanan dan khasiatnya secara ilmiah denganuji praklinik dan bahan bakunya telah di standarisasi.
Fitofarmaka adalah sediaan obat bahan alam yang telah dibuktikankeamanan dan khasiatnya secara ilmiah dengan uji praklinik dan uji klinik,bahan baku dan produk jadinya telah di standarisasi.
Fitofarmaka adalah sediaan obat bahan alam yang telah dibuktikankeamanan dan khasiatnya secara ilmiah dengan uji praklinik dan uji klinik,bahan baku dan produk jadinya telah di standarisasi.
-amu adalah obat tradisional Indonesia-amu adalah obat tradisional Indonesia
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B 'TUK S D/00' S D 120'0
K20S/0T 3 K 0M0'0'MP/1/K
"#$T %&'#$ T&' T$*D$'
F+T"F$'M$,$ T K. F01M0S/
U-/ P10K4/'/K
U-/ K4/'/K
-$M.
( K 4 MP K B0T T10D/S/ '04 D0' K1/T 1/0D040M P '5 MB0'50''60
T K. F01M0S/
ST0'D01D/S0S/ B020' B0KU
U-/ P10K4/'/K
KELOMPOK OBAT TRADISIONAL
20S/4 1/S T K S 20T0' D0S01 #$%$
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-amu
Decoction
= ke'+#"+k &1> t! keata*- a$%
#i$ ja#&
Je$i* *e)iaa$
Ma(6etiap hari
Ma(ka'ang
Ti'ak(nam!nD!l! pernah Ti' ak ernah
Baps!lStsblet
?acikanMg 'ise'! 'gn
air panas
#airan
Potensi
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Pengem!angan !at Tradisional 7%8
± 40.000 spesies tanaman hayati dunia 0.000 di Indonesia
!ata penelitian" #$% pengguna obat herbal mengakui
bahwa jenis obat tersebut berkhasiat&asil riset ' I * +I dari oran eputar Indonesia tgl
ei /0 membuktikan 14% masyarakat Indonesiamenggunakan jamu, dari pengguna jamu itu, 21%
mengakui ada man3aatnyaransaksi perdagangan 5 666
7eberapa unggulan yang khas Indonesia (temulawak,dll) dan telah diminati
Potensi
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Pengem!angan !at Tradisional 7#8
tandar-standar yang dimiliki" 'armakope &erbal Indonesia $0 monogra3i( $ simplisia dan ekstrak)
'armakope &erbal Indonesia uplemen I 11 monogra3i (/ simplisia dan /2 ekstrak)
ateria edika Indonesia I s8d 9I, /44 onogra3i umbuhan 5bat
onogra3i :kstrak umbuhan 5bat Indonesia I ; II 1 monogra3i, re 5 7
Pengem!angan T 9 !at 2er!al di
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Pengem!angan T 9 !at 2er!al di/ndonesia
4okal
'o. T1....
'o. T1.... Co. ....
(( P1 DUK
IOT ? @IKOT ? 1 @
) P1 DUK
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engembangan Abat Tra'isional +1,
erspektif bisnisers pektif bisnis / berorientasi pa'a keb!t!han/ berorientasi pa'a keb!t!hanpasar( 'an 'iarahkan pa'a pola pengembanganpasar( 'an 'iarahkan pa'a pola pengembanganpro'!k obat mo'ern.pro'!k obat mo'ern.
erspektif armasiers pektif armasi / ber'asarkan pa'a kai'ah/ ber'asarkan pa'a kai'ahkeilm!an 'an teknologi farmasi agar pro'!k angkeilm!an 'an teknologi farmasi agar pro'!k ang'ihasilkan memen!hi pers aratan ang 'itetapkan.'ihasilkan memen!hi pers aratan ang 'itetapkan.
erspektif Be'okteraners pektif Be'okteran /%engac! pers aratan me'ik/%engac! pers aratan me'ik
+!Ii pre-klinik( !Ii klinik,+!Ii pre-klinik( !Ii klinik,
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engembangan Abat Tra'isional +2,
eknologi roduksi " umbuhnya industri denganproduksi cara modern
enggunaan " !ari swa pengobatan olehmasyarakat ke konsep yang dapat disejajarkandengan obat modern dalam pelayanan kesehatan
erubahan konsep " embuktian keamanan dankhasiat secara empirik bertahap berkembangmenjadi pembuktian secara ilmiah.
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E 5$CF D$C T$CT$CF$C +1,
PELUANG :6istem Besehatan Casional +6BC, men'!k!ngpengembangan @ pemanfaatan obat tra'isional angberm!t! aman( berkhasiat ter!Ii secara ilmiah !nt!kpengobatan sen'iri 'an 'alam ankes formal
Terse'ia hasil penelitian ilmiah bah a se'iaan obatherbal terb!kti memiliki efek terapi ang efektif
enerimaan kalangan profesi 'okter 'an pengg!naan obatherbal meningkat
?ekomen'asi 4 A pengg!naan pengobatan tra'isional(termas!k obat herbal( 'alam pemeliharaan kesehatanTelah terse'ia armakope "n'onesia e'isi erbal sebagaistan'ar m!t!
$ $ $ $ $
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E 5$CF D$C T$CT$CF$C +2,
TANTANGAN :
6!mber 'a a alam t!mb!han obat bel!m 'ikelolasecara optimal @ kegiatan b!'i'a a bel!m'iselenggarakan secara profesional
%!t! herbal bel!m konsisten
6!plai 'an permintaan berbasis b!kti ilmiah ti'akseimbang
embia aan pengembangan obat tra'isionalter!tama penelitian masih sangat terbatas
5pa a pengembangan obat tra'isional k!rangterkoor'inasi 'engan baik 'an bel!m sinergis
TU U0' P '5 MB0'50'
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TU-U0' P '5 MB0'50'B0T T10D/S/ '0492 1B04
Diteriman+a dalam sistem pela+anan kesehatanBerkem!angn+a industri o!at tradisional 9her!al,
;uga peluang ekspor Dapat !ersaing di pasaran termasuk pasar glo!alBerkem!angn+a agro industri tanaman o!at
T020P0'T020P0' P '5 MB0'50' B0T 0S4/ /'D ' S/0P '5 MB0'50' B0T 0S4/ /'D ' S/0F1 M 1 S 01
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F1 M 1 S 01
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1 C : >C 1 C 1 : 1> C 1 : C >:
E aPe$ataa$Ke#ba'i
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n produk &adi
dan bahanbaku !ange iliki
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pers!aratan%standar% danpedo an!angditentukan
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an produk
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D0 P1 510M ST10T 5/S P 50 0S0 B0T T10D/S/ 04D0 P1 510M ST10T 5/S P 50 0S0 B0T T10D/S/ 04
PARADIGMA BARU
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UNDANG;UNDANG RI N+.7 (HAK INISIATI DPRRI-
te$ta$% KESEHATAN, #e$)+ +$% Ref+ #a*i )a$Re+ %a$i*a*i Ke#e$ke* RI
PASAL ! Ayat "UPA9A KESEHATAN
TERDIRI DARI 1F JENIS PELA9ANAN
- Pe'a . KESEHATAN TRADISIONAL
)i P&*ke*#a* &ta#a$ a P +#+tif )a$P e2e$tif-
)i Ra! Sakit &ta#a$ a K& atif )a$Re!abi'itatif-
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*asional
$ka'emisi
P e2e$tif,P +#+tif,
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emerintahelak!
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T a)k+# T a)k+
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ISI )a$ MISI
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ISI )a$ MISIISI
“%as arakat 6ehat ang man'iri 'an :erkea'ilanQ
MISI1. %eningkatkan 'eraIat kesehatan mas arakat( melal!i
pember'a aan mas arakat( termas!k s asta 'an
mas arakat ma'ani.2. %elin'!ngi kesehatan mas arakat 'engan menIamin
terse'ian a !pa a kesehatan ang parip!rna( merata(berm!t!( 'an berkea'ilan.
3. %enIamin keterse'iaan 'an pemerataan s!mber'a akesehatan.
. %enciptakan tata kelola kepemerintahan ang baik.
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98
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN(WHO
Di*eb&t j&%a :A''+"!ati0K+$2e$*i+$a'Bi+#e)i*i$
S0ie$tifi0 #e)i0i$e6e*te $ #e)i0i$e
Di*eb&t j&%a :K+#"'e#e$teA'te $atif N+$ K+$2e$*i+$a'O ie$ta' Me)i0i$e
H+'i*tikA'a#ia!Nat& a'
MODERN MEDICINE TRAD. MEDICINE
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9<
KLASIFIKASI BATTRA(Pasal 59 ayat 1 UU 36/2009)
BattraBattra
aaku!unkturku!unktur $$cc%iro!rak%iro!rak si$si$bbattraattra bekam$bekam$
&&nta-nta- kecantikankecantikan
Dikelo pokkan berdasarkanetode !ang
do inan digunakan
KETERAMPILAN
Batt a
eiki, i%+$%,kebati$a$,
te$a%a)a'a#,
"a a$+ #a',Hi"$+te a"!i
MANUAL ALAT(TEKNOLOGI
Batt aBatt a
Ja#&Ja#& ,, G& a!G& a! ,, H+#+e+"at!H+#+e+"at! ,, A +#ate a"iA +#ate a"i ,, SPA te a"iSPA te a"i ,, Si$*!e,Si$*!e, A"i(*e$%at te a"iA"i(*e$%at te a"i
RAMUAN
BattraBattra
pi&atpi&aturuturut %%
shiatsushiatsu %%patahpatah
tulang%tulang%re+eksi%re+eksi%
akupressakupress
MENTAL(O.IK
ALUR PROSES INTEGRASI 9ANKESTRADKOM
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TRADKOM
TIMUR
NON KON ENSIONAL-BARAT
KON ENSIONAL-
"CTEF?$6"M$CBE6
BUKTI EMPIRISEVIDENCE BASED
BE6T?$DBE6T?$D TE?5H"
PENAPISAN
- KAJI - UJI
- LIT
JEJARING LITBANG(termasuk SP3T/BKTM/LKTM
MAS!ARAKAT-UKBM-BATTRA
MAS!ARAKAT-UKBM-BATTRA
D"KTER P#us($as Kes
D"KTER($as Kes
EVIDENCE BASED
4E6TE?CS%ADE?C HULUHILIR
9
b k
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BebiIakan 'an erat!ran
55 Besehatan Co. 3
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