Download - Katherine Swift Ph.D Student Walden University PUBH-8165-3 Instructor Dr. Raymond Thron Spring, 2009
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OnchocerciasisKatherine Swift Ph.D Student
Walden UniversityPUBH-8165-3
Instructor Dr. Raymond ThronSpring, 2009
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River Blindness
(Worldbank,2002)
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Map of the region
Africa 30 countries
Senegal
Malawi
Latin America
Yemen
(Worldbank,2002)
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Life cycle of Onchocerca volvulus
(WHO,2009)
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The black fly vector
Simulium black fly
Microfilariae220 – 360 µm in
length
(WHO,2009)
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The Human Host
The female and male worms entwine
Female worm lengths range from 30 to 80
cms
Male length ranges from
3 to 5 cm
The female will release 1000 microfilariae
(WHO,2009)
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DiagnosisSkin snipsBlood samplesEye examinations
(WHO/TDR,2003)
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Microfilaia Cutaneous Tissues
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Imaging Studies
(WHO/TDR,2003)
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Vision Loss
(Who/TDR,2003)
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Onchodermatitis
DepigmentationSubcutaneous nodulesLichenified dermatitisChronic papular dermatitisLymphadenopathyAtrophy of skinOnchocercomata
WHO/TDR,2003)
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Vector Elimination
(Who,2009)
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TreatmentIvermectin (Mectizan®).
WHO/TDR,2003)
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The Carter Center
Special permission granted from The CarterCenter/Emily Straub Foundation
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Newer Therapeutic Strategies
Wolbachia Species
Doxycycline
(WHO/TDR,2003)
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(WHO/APOC,2007)
Global Partnerships to Eliminate Riverblindness
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Global Partnerships and Program
APOC
OCP
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The African Program for Riverblindness Control
(WHO/TDR,2003)
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(WHO/APOC, 2007)
Community Distributed Treatment with Ivermectin
(COMDT)
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COMDT
(WHO/APOC,2007)
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Future Work
(WHO/APOC,2007)
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Thank-you
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ReferencesThe Carter Center. The global 2000 river blindness. River Blindness News. 1999; 11:1-8
Eezzuduemhoi, D. R., & Wilson, D. (2008). Onchocerciasis. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from eMedicine Ophthalmology Web site: http:/ / emedicine.medscape.com/ article/ 1204593
Kazdins-Helds, J. K., Remme, J. H. F., & Boakye, B. (2003). Focus: Onchocerciasis. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 1(3), 178-180. doi:10.1038/ nrmicro779
Sinha, S., Schwartz, R. A., & Kapilia, R. (2006). Onchocerciasis. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from eMedicine Infectious Diseases Web site: http:/ / emedicine.medscape.com/ article/ 224309
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ReferencesWHO. (2009). Life-cycle of Onchocerca volvulus. Retrieved April 11, 2009, from African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) Web site: http:/ / www.who.int/ apoc/ onchocerciasis/ lifecycle/ en/ print.html
WHO. (2009). Vector elimination. Retrieved March 13, 2009, from African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) Web site: http:/ / www.who.int/ apoc/ vector/ en
WHO. (n.d.). APOC African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control. In Partners Meeting Report (JAF12.10, p. 37). Retrieved April 12, 2009, from www.who.int/ entity/ apoc/ publications/ yaounde_report_2006/ en/ index.html
WHO/ APOC. (2007). African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control Revitalizing health care delivery in sub-Saharan Africa (first ed., Vol. 1) [Brochure]. Retrieved April 19, 2009, from WHO Web site: http:/ / www.who.int/ apoc/ publications/ cdti_healthsystems/ en/ index.html
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ReferencesWHO/ TDR. (2003, November 28). TDR Image Library. Retrieved April 12, 2009, from TDR fro research on diseases and poverty Web site: http:/ / apps.who.int/ tdr/ publications/ tdr-image-library
Worldbank. (2002). Global Partnership to Eliminate River blindness. Retrieved April 11, 2009, from Africa Program for Onchocerciasis Control Web site: http:/ / www.worldbank.org/ afr/ gper