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Kingdom Bacteria(Eubacteria)
Bacteria are more helpful than harmful!
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Kingdom Bacteria
bacteria – a large group of microscopic one-
celled organisms that sometimes cause
disease
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Binary Fission – a type of asexual reproduction
where one organism divides into two organisms
Reproduction of Reproduction of BacteriaBacteria
How?...-The one main
(circular) chromosome makes a copy of itself-Then it divides into
two bacteria
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BINARY FISSION
Bacteria dividing Completed
Reproduction of Reproduction of BacteriaBacteria
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Bacterial Cell & Nucleiod DNA Ring
DNA replication
Cell wall synthesis
Cell separation
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How Are They Classified?• Bacteria are classified based on how they obtain energy
(get food):
1) Consumers (heterotrophs) - get their energy from other organisms (parasite or decomposer)
-parasites – organisms that feed on living things
-decomposers - get food from breaking down dead matter into simple chemicals
**(Bacteria are the #1 decomposer)
2) Producers (autotrophs)- bacteria that make their own food through photosynthesis
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Shapes of Bacteria• Scientists often classify
bacteria by their shape:
– Spiral-shaped- (Spirilla) occur in single strands
– Rod-Shaped – (Bacilli) may occur singly or in chains
– Round-shaped – (Cocci) may occur singly or in pairs, chains, or clusters
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How Do They Get Energy?
• Producers and Consumers (Parasite or Decomposer)
• Bacteria use osmosis and diffusion in order to take in water & nutrients so they can grow and
divide, as well as make the materials needed to survive.
• Osmosis – the movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
• Diffusion – the tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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Where Are They Found?
• Bacteria are found everywhere – they can be beneficial or harmful
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Good for the Environment
• Life as we know it could not exist without bacteria!!
• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria consume nitrogen and change it into a form that plants can use.
• Nature’s recyclers- decomposers(Dead material/Waste would never decompose)
• Bioremediation-bacteria is used to clean up oil spills
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Good for People
• Scientists can genetically engineer bacteria for many purposes, including the production of medicines, insecticides, cleaners, adhesives, foods, etc.
• Bacteria are used to make antibiotics to fight other bacteria.
• Insulin- Bacteria is used to help to make insulin
• Digestion-inside your gut
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Feeding Time
• Every time you eat cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, or sour cream, you also eat a lot of lactic-acid bacteria
• The lactic acid acts as a preservative and adds flavor to the food
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Harmful Bacteria
• Pathogenic bacteria cause diseases
• Pathogenic bacteria invade a host organism and obtain nutrients from the host’s cells (parasite)
• Bacterial Diseases: tooth decay,
ulcers, strep throat, food poisoning,
Lyme disease, Bubonic plague
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Scientists believe that Archea and Bacteria are the oldest
forms of life on earth!!!!
• BrainPOP | Bacteria