Download - Kingston Bridge 2005 Rev1
Kingston Bridge ComplexKINGSTON BRIDGE COMPLEXKINGSTON BRIDGE COMPLEX
11stst JUNE 2005 JUNE 2005
Glasgow City CouncilGlasgow City Council
Land Services
Kingston Bridge Complex
Complex consists of Main Bridge & Approaches
Opened 26 June 1970
Two adjacent structures 20.8 m wide
5 No. lanes of Motorway on each bridge
Main Span - 143m long
Two End Spans - 62.5m long
4,500m of Elevated Approach Structures
Designer - W A Fairhurst & Partners
Contractors - Logan, Marples Ridgeway
Kingston Bridge Complex
Heart of M8 Motorway System, spans over River Clyde & carries 180,000 vehicles per day
M8 carries East West traffic between Greenock and Glasgow Airport to Edinburgh
It connects to the M80 & M77, the M74 to South and England & Clydeside Expressway & North West
Kingston Bridge Complex
North Approaches - early 1967
Kingston Bridge Complex
Construction of Cantilever End Span over the Broomielaw
Kingston Bridge Complex
Two Bridges - 3 voids in each bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
Construction nearing Mid Span
Kingston Bridge Complex
Cladding Panels on Bridge - Client Requirement
Kingston Bridge Complex
Kingston Bridge Complex in 1970 - 30,000 vehicles a day
Kingston Bridge Complex
Exp a nsio n J o int Exp a nsio n J o int
62.484 m 143 .256 m 62.484 m
268 .224 m
Rive r C lyd ePinne dPinne dPinne d
General Arrangement
North Pier connected to Deck By 6 Rocker Bearings
South Pier cast into Deck
Both Piers connected to Foundations by 12 Pin Bearings
Piles connect Foundations to Bedrock 30 metres below
Kingston Bridge Complex
Pin Bearings at Bottom of Piers
Kingston Bridge Complex
200mm bulge of North Quay Wall
In late 1980’s a number of Defects were found :-
Kingston Bridge Complex
The North Pier tilted by 165mm
Kingston Bridge Complex
Spalling of Concrete at base of North Pier
Kingston Bridge Complex
North Comb Movement Joint remained closed
Kingston Bridge Complex
South Comb Movement Joint remained open
Kingston Bridge Complex
Cracks in Concrete at Midspan - Midspan dropped 300mm
Kingston Bridge Complex
Combination of these factor prompted Strathclyde Regional Council to carry out:-
Quay Wall Stabilisation Works
A Design Check of the Bridge
Inspection & Assessment of the Bridge
Monitoring System on Bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
26 Prisms, 32 LVDT’s, 89 Temperature Sensors, 2 Wind Anometers & 1 Tide Gauge
Kingston Bridge Complex
QUAY WALL STABILISATION CONTRACT
Concerns :-
1 If Quay Wall collapsed, rapid washout of the sands & gravels below the footing could occur
2 Also, with the horizontal load on the Pier Footing from the Tilt of the North Pier, the Pier could be unstable
Contract Awarded to Keller Concrete in May 1991
Completed July 1992 - Cost £4 million
Kingston Bridge Complex
1st Major Contract Awarded
Phased strengthening of Quay Wall
Kingston Bridge Complex
4,000 tonnes of Jet Grouting carried out
Kingston Bridge Complex
16,000 tonnes of Rock placed infront of Quay Wall to add stability
Kingston Bridge Complex
Engineers Inspecting soffit of bridge from Inspection vehicle
Kingston Bridge Complex
1 Under extreme loading condition of Maximum Load on
the main span and with the end spans unloaded, there is insufficient holding down capacity of the end bearings
2 The bending capacity of the centre section of main span is inadequate
1994 ASSESSMENT
Kingston Bridge Complex
INTERIM MEASURES
As a result of these findings the following Interim Measures were undertaken:-
A Traffic Management Scheme was Implemented consisting of;-
3 unrestricted lanes on each bridge 1 lane closed on each bridge
1 lane on each bridge restricted to 7.5 tonnes
Also 100 tonne of concrete blocks placed at each end of bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
DEFECTS TO BE ADDRESSED IN DESIGN
Understrength Deck - Bending Capacity midspan inadequate
Understrength Pier Shafts & Pile Caps- insufficient reinforcement in pier and pile caps
Kingston Bridge Complex
165 mm Tilt of the North Pier
Lean on the North Approaches- due to sway on bridge
Riverward Load on North Pier foundations
Slipped Rocker Bearing at top of North Pier
Excess travel of South End Bearings
Kingston Bridge Complex
Successful Contractor
Main Contractor Balfour Beatty
Prestressing Balvac
Jacking VSL (France)
Kingston Bridge Complex
Four Phases of the Contract
1 Deck Strengthening External Prestress
2 Bridge JackingVertical and Horizontal
3 Demolition and Reconstruction of SubstructureKeeping bridge open
4 Installation of the New Bridge Bearings
Kingston Bridge Complex
Four Phases of the Contract
1 Deck Strengthening External Prestress
Kingston Bridge Complex
DECK CROSS SECTION AT PIERS
ExistingOpenings
8.5Mapp.
Kingston Bridge Complex
CROSS SECTION AT QUARTER SPAN
CROSS SECTION AT MIDSPAN
Existing Opening
Existing OpeningVoid Height 1.5m App
Void Height 2.5m App
Kingston Bridge Complex
C/L PIER
WEB ANCHORAGE
BOTTOM SLAB ANCHORAGE
BOTTOM SLAB STRENGTHENING
Kingston Bridge Complex
Typical Void before Strengthening
Kingston Bridge Complex
Typical Void after Strengthening
Kingston Bridge Complex
In each Void the Tendons consisted of:-
5 web Tendons in pairs with 12 strands per Tendon
2 Bottom Slab Tendons with 43 strands per Tendon
Kingston Bridge Complex
View of Anchor Blocks inside Bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
View of Bottom Slab Beams on Bridge Soffit
Kingston Bridge Complex
Four Phases of the Contract
2 Bridge JackingVertical and Horizontal
Total Closure of Bridge during these operations - 17 Hour duration
Weight of Bridge - 52,000 tonnes
Kingston Bridge Complex
Elevation showing Supplementary Piers & Jacking Systems
Kingston Bridge Complex
JACKING SYSTEM B - NORTH PIER
Kingston Bridge Complex
JACKING SYSTEMS A, B & C AT SOUTH PIER
Kingston Bridge Complex
Vertical & Horizontal Jacking Systems
Kingston Bridge Complex
Kingston Bridge Complex
Kingston Bridge Complex - “Closed”
Kingston Bridge Complex
NADICS Control Centre
Kingston Bridge Complex
After lift 20mm gap between bottom bearing pin & upper casting
Kingston Bridge Complex
Removal of Bearing Pins
Kingston Bridge Complex
After longitudinal jacking of bridge top & bottom casting offset
Kingston Bridge Complex
Four Phases of the Contract
3 Demolition and Reconstruction of SubstructureKeeping bridge open
Kingston Bridge Complex
Pier Slide Out with Traffic on Bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
Demolition of North Pier after pier slide out
Kingston Bridge Complex
Demolition of South Pier
Kingston Bridge Complex
Rebuilding of North Pier
Kingston Bridge Complex
Four Phases of the Contract
4 Installation of the New Bridge Bearings
Kingston Bridge Complex
1250mm x 1250mm x 500mm deep Laminated rubber bearing
Kingston Bridge Complex
Bearing in position on North Pier
Kingston Bridge Complex
New Pier - South of River
Kingston Bridge Complex
Works complete - 5 Lanes of Traffic on each Bridge
Cost of Works - £30 Million
Land Services
Land Services
Kingston Bridge Complex
Kingston Bridge Complex
OTHER WORKS ON THE COMPLEX
Routine Maintenance of Complex
Monitoring Works
Special Inspections
Concrete Repairs to soffit of Approach Structures
Half Joint Bearing Replacement
Cope & Parapet Refurbishment - Phases 1 & 2
Cope & Parapet Refurbishment (Central Reserve) - Phase 3
Stobcross Off & On Ramps Replacement & Associated Works
Kingston Bridge Complex
MAINTENANCE OF COMPLEX
Cleaning of Traffic Management Scheme
Cleaning of Gullies
Cleaning of Carriageway Channels
Cope and Parapet Repairs
Kingston Bridge Complex
MONITORING & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Calibration of Monitoring Equipment
Maintenance of Monitoring Equipment
Kingston Bridge Complex
SPECIAL INSPECTIONS
Precast Cope cladding panels
Half Joint Inspections
Inspection of concrete deterioration
Kingston Bridge Complex
CONCRETE REPAIRS TO NORTH AND SOUTH APPROACHES
Concrete repairs to Half Joints
Concrete repairs to SoffitGully refurbishment
Contract Awarded to Makers - 2002
Cost of Works - £700,000
Kingston Bridge Complex
HALF JOINT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Contractor - Morrison Construction Limited -2001 / 2002
Kingston Bridge Complex
HALF JOINT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Existing Holding Down Bearing in Poor Condition
Kingston Bridge Complex
HALF JOINT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Existing Sliding Bearing in Poor Condition
Kingston Bridge Complex
HALF JOINT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Bearing Replacement at North - New Bearings in position
Kingston Bridge Complex
HALF JOINT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Replacement of Expansion Joint Units
Kingston Bridge Complex
COPE & PARAPET REFURBISHMENT
Phase 1 - Morrison Construction1992
Phase 2 - Nuttall1993
Kingston Bridge Complex
Hydrodemolition of Cope Edge
Kingston Bridge Complex
COPE AND PARAPET REFURBISHMENT
EXISTING
NEW
Kingston Bridge Complex
STOBCROSS OFF RAMP REPLACEMENT & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Morgan Est - Works Started 24 February 2003 for 26 weeks
Kingston Bridge Complex
STOBCROSS OFF RAMP REPLACEMENT & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Demolition & Replacement of Stobcross Off Ramp
Kingston Bridge Complex
STOBCROSS OFF RAMP REPLACEMENT & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Cope & Parapet Refurbishment (Full Cantilever Replacement)
of the West Face of Bridge & Approach Structures
Kingston Bridge Complex
Temporary Demolition and Construction Gantries on West Face of Bridge
Kingston Bridge Complex
STOBCROSS OFF RAMP REPLACEMENT & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Replacement of 2 No. Overhead Sign Gantries
Kingston Bridge Complex
STOBCROSS ON RAMP REFURBISHMENT & ASSOCIATED WORKS
Graham construction - Works Started January 2005 for 52 weeks
Kingston Bridge Complex
Aerial View of Stobcross On Ramp
Kingston Bridge Complex
Temporary Demolition & Construction Gantries
Kingston Bridge Complex
Stobcross On Ramp construction work
Kingston Bridge Complex
Replacement of 2 No. Overhead Sign Gantries
Kingston Bridge Complex
Land Services
KINGSTON BRIDGE COMPLEXKINGSTON BRIDGE COMPLEX1st JUNE 20051st JUNE 2005
Glasgow City CouncilGlasgow City Council