Effects of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) on
(immune) development in broilers and layers
Kristina Simon
Aart Lammers
Bas Kemp
August 3, 2015
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)
DSS via drinking water induces colitis
2
DSS affects intestinal barrier function
inflammatory response
DSS changes microbiota composition
effects on immune system
Ohkusa et al., 1995; Stevceva et al., 2001b; Faure et al., 2006; Lupp et al., 2007; Johansson et al., 2010
Aim
DSS as a model for disruption of intestinal homeostasis in chickens?
3
Inflammatory response
accelerated immune development?
effects on immune response?
Differences between broilers & layers?
Experimental Setup
4
Early
Feeding
plain drinking water
plain drinking water
2.5 % DSS d 11 - d 18
2.5 % DSS d 11 - d 18
Challenge d 35 LPS/HuSA i.m.
Measurements
Intestinal morphology
5
Ileal cytokine and Ig mRNA expression levels
Antibody response after challenge
Performance
6
Results
7
Ileum control Ileum DSS
Broiler
Layer
8
Colon control Colon DSS
Broiler
Layer
9
Caecum control Caecum DSS
Broiler
Layer
Intestinal length & performance
10
DSS shorter colon & caecum d 18
Colon still shorter in DSS layers on d 35
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49
BW
(g
)
days post hatch
Broilers
DSS
control
**
***
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49
days post hatch
Layers
DSS
control
***
***
***
***
*
Performance:
Immune parameters
11
Limited effects on ileal cytokine expression levels
Ileal Ig expression levels in DSS broilers
Antibody response towards LPS in DSS broilers
Mortality
12
Differences between broilers & layers: Mortality higher in layers (3% vs 11%) Even several days after cessation of DSS treatment
Discussion
Mortality not expected no mortality in pilot experiment
Severity of colitis may depend on stress Less stress in pilot experiment
13
Layers more affected by DSS & need more time to recover
More susceptible to DSS under stressful situation
Broilers have a higher cell turnover due to rapid growth
Intestinal damage more limited
Gué et al., 1997; Cameron & Perdue, 2005; Saito et al., 2005; Reber et al., 2006
10 d 14 d 21 d
28 d 35 d 42 d
49 d
Conclusion
15
DSS may be a good model to investigate effects of disruption of intestinal homeostasis in chickens
BUT:
≠
More research needed on the appropriate dose
Questions?