Labor and the Economy
Education and Skills for the 21st Century
Labor and the Economy
Our ability to compete as a nation demands a
fresh approach to public education.
We need to recognize that a 21st century education is the bedrock of
competitiveness and the engine of the economy.
Labor and the Economy
Why 21st Education?
Labor and the Economy
1. Fundamental changes in the economy, jobs and businesses
- industrial economy based on manufacturing has shifted to a service economy driven by information, knowledge and innovation
- companies have changed how they are organized and the way they do business
Labor and the Economy *National Institute of Literacy and the Small Business Administration
Shifts in Organization and Management
Labor and the Economy
2. New and Different Skill Demands
- more important than the amount of education are the kinds of skills required by the new economy
- hiring workers with a higher skill set, particularly expert thinking and complex communication skills
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
3. Two Achievement Gaps
- global achievement gap: among students and their international peers in competitor nations
Labor and the Economy
Framework for 21st Century Learning
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
Framework for 21st Century Learning
Labor and the Economy
Comparison
Bernard Huggonier
• Dynamic skills for environmental awareness
• Skills for lifelong learning
• Workplace skills for the knowledge economy
• Information & Communication Technology Skills
• Skills for endogenous development
• Skills for social capital
Framework
• Learning and Innovation Skills
• Information, Media and Technology Skills
• Life and Career Skills
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
Philippines
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
Education and Mortality
• Mortality
– more educated people have a greater chance of survival and, hence, longer life expectancy; they are more aware of the rules of hygiene and less fatalistic in the face of disease
Labor and the Economy
Education and Fertility
• Fertility
– educated woman who marries later in life will also start having babies later, as a result she will have fewer children than a woman with little or no education
Labor and the Economy
Education and Marriage
• Marriage
– educated people marry later in life than those with little or no schooling and men have a higher probability to get married earlier than women
Labor and the Economy
Education and Migration
• Migration
– educated people tend to migrate to cities or abroad because of job opportunities and income differences
Labor and the Economy
Statistics
April 21, 2023 22Multigenerational Study
Percentage of Population Aged 50 & Above Asia-Pacific
14
.09
%
25
.32
%
18
.54
%
27
.93
%
13
.75
% 20
.17
%
13
.28
%
11
.46
%
19
.08
%
20
.62
%
18
.44
%
16
.41
%3
0.8
6%
37
.91
%42
.20
%
49
.66
%
21
.09
%
22
.92
%
45
.50
%
28
.21
%
24
.31
%
52
.26
%
37
.48
%
39
.79
%4
3.3
0%
45
.02
%
59
.19
%
32
.89
%
36
.50
%
53
.44
%
29
.63
%
29
.61
%
57
.42
%
48
.35
%
44
.83
%
38
.39
%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Australia China Hong Kong India Indonesia SouthKorea
Malaysia PhilippinesSingapore Taiwan Thailand TOTAL
Year 2000 Year 2030 Year 2050
Watson Wyatt’s Asia Pacific Workforce Study, 2006
Labor and the Economy
Percentage of Population Aged 50 & Above
• Compared to other Asia-Pacific countries, the Philippines has the lowest percentage of older population
• Thus, Philippine workforce is made up of younger people, up until 2050
Philippines Only
11.46%
21.09%
29.61%
Year 2000 Year 2030 Year 2050
Labor and the Economy
Many Asian countries will need to address challenges arising from sharply increasing median age, rising old-age dependency rations and concomitant reduction in the share of working-age population.
Demographic Trends in Selected Asian Countries
Labor and the Economy
• 94.1 Mpopulation• 26.5% poverty ratio• 72 y/o life expectancy• 95.42% literacy rate• 63.7% labor force participation rate• 92.6% employment rate• 19.4% underemployment rate• 7.4% unemployment rate
*World Bank*Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics
Labor and the Economy
Enrollment
LEVEL 2005-2006
2006-2007 2007-20082008-2009
2009-2010
Pre school 911,899 961,397 1,002,2231,175,10
11,474,644
Elementary
13,006,647
13,145,210
13,411,28613,686,6
4313,934,17
2
Secondary
6,298,612 6,363,002 6,506,1766,763,85
86,806,079
Tertiary 2,483,274 2,604,449 2,654,2942,625,38
52,770,965
TOTAL22,700,7
3223,074,0
5823,573,97
924,250,9
8724,985,8
60
*Department of Education*Commission on Higher Education
Labor and the Economy
Summary of Tertiary Graduates by Discipline
Discipline Group AY 2009-2010
Business Admin. and Related 102,399
Medical and Allied 70,755
Education and Teacher Training 69,895
Engineering and Technology 47,844
Information Technology 43,328
Social and Behavioral Science 13,112
Agricultural, Forestry, Fisheries, Vet Med. 12,647
Maritime 11,960
Mass Communication and Documentation 4,906
Humanities 4,705
Natural Science 4,270
Law and Jurisprudence 3,326
General 3,226
Service Trades 2,762
Architectural and Town Planning 2,692
Fine and Applied Arts 2,209
Mathematics 2,019
Trade, Craft and Industrial 1,887
Religion and Theology 1,389
Home Economics 1,043
Other Disciplines 18,797
TOTAL 425,171
Labor and the Economy
What’s Next?
Labor and the Economy
DepEd ICT4E Strategic Plan
• Enhancing Curriculum
• Empowering Teachers, Administrators, Officials and Students
• Strengthening Schools, Governance and Management
Labor and the Economy
Labor and the Economy
What’s in it for all of us?
Labor and the Economy
WIIFM?
• Employers
– Further skills development expands the pool of workers from which employers recruit, hire, and promote, consequently increasing their productivity, and ultimately, increasing competitiveness
Labor and the Economy
WIIFM?
• Employees
– Higher wages
– More likely to find reemployment
– Lower unemployment rate
Labor and the Economy
Education – In Summary
Labor and the Economy
Actors in Play
• Learners– Students
– Workers
– Citizens
• Providers– Educational Institutions
– Employers
– Labor Unions
– Government/Public Sector
Labor and the Economy
Education
Even as we focus on speeding up our economic recovery, we also know that when it comes to jobs, opportunity and prosperity in the 21st century, nothing is more important than the quality of education. At a time when most of the new jobs being created will require some kind of higher education; when countries that out-educate us today will outcompete us tomorrow, giving our kids the best education possible is an economic imperative.
– President Barack Obama, October 9, 2010 Weekly Address
Is there a better way?