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Brain FingerprintingBrain FingerprintingDr. Lawrence A. FarewellDr. Lawrence A. Farewell
Presented byPresented by Tonya Slager Tonya Slager
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The fundamental difference between The fundamental difference between
the perpetrator of a crime and anthe perpetrator of a crime and aninnocent person is that theinnocent person is that the
perpetrator, having committed theperpetrator, having committed the
crime, has the details of the crimecrime, has the details of the crime
stored in his memory, and thestored in his memory, and theinnocent suspect does not.innocent suspect does not.
This is what rain Fingerprinting This is what rain Fingerprinting
testing detects scientifically, thetesting detects scientifically, thepresence or absence of specificpresence or absence of specific
information.information.
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Defining Brain FingerprintingDefining Brain Fingerprinting
Scientific techni!ue to determine whether or notScientific techni!ue to determine whether or notspecific information is stored in an individual"sspecific information is stored in an individual"sbrainbrain
#elevant words, pictures or sounds are presented#elevant words, pictures or sounds are presentedto a sub$ect by a computer in a series with stimulito a sub$ect by a computer in a series with stimuli
The brainwave responses measured using a The brainwave responses measured using apatented headband e!uipped with %%& sensorspatented headband e!uipped with %%& sensors
P'(() Specific, measurable brain responseP'(() Specific, measurable brain response emitted by the brain of a sub$ect who has the relevantemitted by the brain of a sub$ect who has the relevant
information stored in his braininformation stored in his brain
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How Does it Work?How Does it Work?
measurements are recorded in fractions ofmeasurements are recorded in fractions of
a second after the stimulus is presented,a second after the stimulus is presented,
before the sub$ect is able to formulate orbefore the sub$ect is able to formulate or
control a responsecontrol a response Dr. Farwell discovered that the P'(( wasDr. Farwell discovered that the P'(( was
one aspect of a larger brain)waveone aspect of a larger brain)wave
response that he named and patented, aresponse that he named and patented, a
*%#*%# +memory and encoding related*%#*%# +memory and encoding relatedmultifaceted electroencephalographicmultifaceted electroencephalographic
responseresponse
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rain responses were recorded fromrain responses were recorded fromthe midline frontal, central, andthe midline frontal, central, andparietal scalp locations, referencedparietal scalp locations, referencedto lin-ed mastoids +behind the ear,to lin-ed mastoids +behind the ear,
and from a location on the foreheadand from a location on the foreheadto trac- eye movementsto trac- eye movements At the end of each test, sub$ectsAt the end of each test, sub$ects
were given a written list of allwere given a written list of allstimulus items and as-ed to mar-stimulus items and as-ed to mar-each item as noteworthy, somewhateach item as noteworthy, somewhatnoteworthy, or irrelevant thosenoteworthy, or irrelevant those
mar-ed were thrown outmar-ed were thrown out
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/nformation is absent/nformation is absent /nformation is/nformation is
presentpresent
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The MERMER includes:The MERMER includes:
0. The P'(( )an electrically positive0. The P'(( )an electrically positive
component ma1imal at the parietalcomponent ma1imal at the parietal
scalp sitescalp site
2. Another, longer latency, electrically2. Another, longer latency, electrically
negative subcomponent prominentnegative subcomponent prominent
at the frontal scalp siteat the frontal scalp site
'. Phasic changes in the fre!uency and'. Phasic changes in the fre!uency and
structure of the signal.structure of the signal.
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Types of ti!uli "sedTypes of ti!uli "sed
ProbesProbes Life)e1perience relatedLife)e1perience related #elevant to the investigated event )recogni3able and#elevant to the investigated event )recogni3able and
noteworthy only for the sub$ects who had participated in thenoteworthy only for the sub$ects who had participated in theevent +*%#*%#event +*%#*%#
/ndistinguishable from the /rrelevants for a sub$ect who is not/ndistinguishable from the /rrelevants for a sub$ect who is not-nowledgeable about the situation under investigation-nowledgeable about the situation under investigation
Targets Targets Push a button to indicate -nown imagePush a button to indicate -nown image
Since the relatively rare Targets are singled out in the tas-Since the relatively rare Targets are singled out in the tas-being performed, the Targets are noteworthy for the sub$ect,being performed, the Targets are noteworthy for the sub$ect,and each Target stimulus elicits a *%#*%#and each Target stimulus elicits a *%#*%#
/rrelevant Stimuli/rrelevant Stimuli information relevant to the crime that the suspect claims toinformation relevant to the crime that the suspect claims to
have no -nowledge of have no -nowledge of
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#ase tudies#ase tudies
F/) new agents 0((4 accurateF/) new agents 0((4 accurate
5/A) ' e1periments5/A) ' e1periments
Pictures rather than verbal cuesPictures rather than verbal cues 6ords7phrases to determine connection6ords7phrases to determine connection
between professionals, theirbetween professionals, their
organi3ation, and -nown informationorgani3ation, and -nown information
related to wor-related to wor- #eal)life events including 2 felony#eal)life events including 2 felony
crimescrimes
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;uestions<;uestions<
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