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League of NationsWHII SOL 11a
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League of Nations
• Created after World War I, the League of Nations was the first permanent international organization dedicated to maintaining peace.
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League of Nations
• The league was first suggested by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in an address to Congress, in which he outlined a fourteen-point peace plan at the end of World War I.
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League of Nations
• The formation of the league was one of the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, and member nations included France, Great Britain, Italy, and Japan, but not the United States.
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League of Nations
• The league sought to pressure member nations to settle disputes with diplomacy. Failure would result in economic sanctions. If sanctions did not work, theoretically, the league would respond with force – however the league did not have a military force under its command.
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League of Nations
• The league experienced a few successes, such as negotiating an agreement between Finland and Sweden in a dispute over the Aland Islands, but overall it was unable to prevent war again.
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League of Nations
• The league was dissolved after World War II and replaced by the United Nations.
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Mandate System
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Mandate System
• An article in the covenant of the League of Nations stated that colonies and territories needed assistance as they prepared themselves for self-government and that more advanced nations would act as guides for the less experienced ones.
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Mandate System
• Influenced by the idea of self-determination, a principle originating in U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s FourteenPoints at the end of World War I.
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Mandate System
• Mandates were established in the former German colonies and in territories once belonging to the Ottoman Empire.
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Mandate System
• France and Great Britain took control of the MiddleEast, including Iraq and Palestine; France gained control of Syria and Lebanon. Arab nationalists had hoped that the British and French would make good on promises of independence for the former Ottoman territories.