Leapfrog Geothermal 3.5
Technical release notes
This document outlines the major features and improvements in Leapfrog Geothermal 3.5. More
information about Leapfrog Geothermal can be found online at www.leapfrog3d.com or by contacting
your local Leapfrog support contacts.
Software requirements and upgrade notes can be found at the end of this document.
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New Features 2
Wells 2
Numeric Upscaling of LAS and Point Data 2
Flow Simulation 5
Assigning fault rock types to a TOUGH2 grid 5
TOUGH2 in scene property display 7
Graphs & Statistics 8
Statistics on LAS Data 9
Statistics on Geophysical points data 10
Graph interaction with the scene 11
Upscaling Comparison 13
Block Model Improvement 14
Statistics 14
Exports 15
Central Support 16
Central Improvements 16
Mesh Import from Central 16
Improved Local Project Handling 17
Supporting Data 17
View Integration with Geothermal 19
General Improvements 20
Value filter for the topography 20
Identify Mesh Parts in the Scene 20
Assign selected intervals to the base lithology 20
Upgrade notes 21
Project upgrades 21
32-bit architectures 22
System Requirements 22
Version information 22
2
New Features
Wells
Numeric Upscaling of LAS and Point Data
There is a new tool for well log upscaling available in Geothermal 3.5, the numeric point upscaling tool.
This works with downhole points, such as LAS points.
As part of adding this feature to Geothermal, all “compositing” features have been renamed to
“upscaling” and the Composites folder in the Wells folder is now called the Upscaled Tables folder.
To use the new well log upscaling tool, right-click on the Upscaled Tables folder and select New
Numeric Point Upscale:
Upscale in selects the region in which upscaling parameters will be applied. Choices are Entire well,
Subset of codes (grouped and ungrouped) and Intervals from table.
Upscaling length does not apply to upscaling in Intervals from table, which uses interval lengths from
the selected table. Otherwise, the Upscaling length is the length of each upscaled interval.
You can also set the Minimum points and Sampling method, which can be Whole interval or
Dominant category.
3
In the Output Columns tab, you can choose which columns to upscale.
In the Output Algorithms tab, you can select between Arithmetic, Geometric, Harmonic, Max,
Median and Min.
4
Arithmetic Mean
Harmonic Mean
Geometric mean
5
Flow Simulation
Assigning fault rock types to a TOUGH2 grid
Faults typically have a crush zone that affects the flow properties of the surrounding rock. Modelling
fluid flow inside a fault is an important aspect of creating a reservoir model, which is why a new
faulted rocktype evaluation has been added to TOUGH2 models.
This evaluation is based on the fault system of the geological model associated with the TOUGH2
model. For TOUGH2 models created in Geothermal, the faulted rocktype evaluation is automatically
created when the TOUGH2 grid is defined; for imported TOUGH2 grids, the evaluation is created when
rocktypes are generated for the grid.
Each fault is assigned its own lithology value and if more than one fault intersects a block, a
combination lithology is created. This grid shows two intersecting faults (blue and wine coloured)
evaluated on the grid; all geological model blocks in this image are set to display in green. There are
three faulted lithologies, one for each fault and one for the blocks where the two faults intersect:
6
In the project tree, the Fault Rock Evaluation appears under the Rock Types table. You can change
which of the geological model's faults are evaluated by double-clicking on the Fault Rock Evaluation
and disabling faults:
The Thickness value represents the width of the fault's crush zone. It is a distance value, and blocks
within that distance are assigned the fault lithology. The default value is 0, which means that only
blocks intersected by the fault will be assigned the fault lithology.
You can also change the evaluation names in this window; simply double-click on the name and edit
the text. It is recommended that you keep evaluation names shorter than 10 characters.
Fault lithologies are separated from the geological model's lithological units in the rock type table:
7
TOUGH2 in scene property display
Clicking TOUGH2 blocks now displays more information about the properties of the selected block:
8
Graphs & Statistics
An extremely useful and easy to use Statistics feature is now available for well data (both interval
and point), LAS data, geophysical points data and block models in Geothermal 3.5.
For well data tables, scatter plots, Q-Q plots, box plots and interval length statistics are available.
Scatter plot of porosity vs log(permeability)
The first of the new statistical graph configurations describes and illustrates univariate statistics on
numeric columns, including interval length, in one complete window. Several options, including a
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separate and exportable summary table, manual axis limits and bin width controls, will have a
significant impact on the usability of this feature.
Statistics on LAS Data
10
Statistics on Geophysical points data
Points data in the geophysical data folder also supports the new statistics functionality.
11
Graph interaction with the scene
A key feature in how the graph interacts with the scene opens a multitude of options, e.g. categorising
data in the 3D scene that has been analysed and scrutinised in the graph. A sharp look and feel to the
presentation gives the user a report-ready appearance.
Interaction with LAS Data
Interaction with Block Model Evaluation
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Upscaling Comparison
Comparing the distributions of two sets of interval based data, e.g. a porosity distribution before and
after upscaling, requires a specialized graph. The new graphical layout has been identified as the most
effective way to pick up subtle differences in symmetry and therefore, when assessing the changes
upscaling has had on the distribution, this graph is the ideal tool. Similar to the univariate
configuration, the user is presented with a slick statistical suite to guide important resource decisions.
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Block Model Improvement
Statistics
To view block model statistics, right-click on the block model and select Statistics. It’s no longer
necessary to select evaluations before opening the Statistics window; all evaluated objects are
available in the Statistics window.
Statistics can be grouped by category or by numeric column, and empty categories can be hidden.
Here, the selected numeric columns are grouped by the GM category column:
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Exports
Geothermal 3.5 has introduced improvements to the following exporters:
● The CSV export format for block models and sub-blocked models
● The Isatis and Datamine export formats on block models
These improvements include:
● Selecting which evaluations, calculations and filter results to export as columns
● Filtering rows out of the data exported using a query filter, which results in only TRUE results
being exported
● Omitting rows where all statuses are one or more of Error, Without grade, Blank or Outside
● Exporting status codes for category, numeric and filter columns
● Choosing the character set format
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Central Support
Central is a project and model database providing a single source of truth, model management, an
audit trail and collaborative visualisation tools.
Geothermal 3.5 supports Central 1.4.
For a full description of all the new features in Central 1.4 please see the Central 1.4 release notes.
Central Improvements
Mesh Import from Central
Central now has the capability to import meshes from other Central projects. This means that it is
possible to share up-to-date resources from one project to another improving how multiple users can
contribute to a single project. Meshes can be imported to the Meshes folder in Leapfrog. Imported
meshes can be output volumes, surfaces or user meshes from a project on the same instance.
Fast reload functionality allows an up-to-date version of the mesh from the same branch to be easily
imported. When a new version of the mesh is available, all projects with out-of-date meshes will
display an out-of-date icon indicating that the mesh should be reloaded.
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Once meshes are imported into the project from Central, they can easily be incorporated into dynamic
workflows in the project.
Improved Local Project Handling
When projects are downloaded in a Leapfrog modelling product, they now appear as tiles rather than
in the tree. This provides more clarity as to which revision is being edited.
Supporting Data
Selecting objects in scene in the Central Browser now displays supporting data. The supporting data
provides addition information about blocks, drillholes, points and surfaces.
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19
View Integration with Geothermal
It has never been so quick and easy to consult a colleague on a tricky model, share impactful visual
information with stakeholders or update key personnel on a developing situation. View, Leapfrog’s
web-based solution for visualising on a purpose-built scene, will be fully integrated into Geothermal
3.5.
With a couple of clicks, you can upload a 3D view from Geothermal to the web, where it can be
accessed from anywhere in the world. You can set permissions, share and access 3D Views, interrogate
the data using slices and create ‘slides’ on points of interest in order to focus the conversation.
For complete information on View and demo workflow, visit www.lfview.com.
Information is displayed when you upload a scene to View:
· A warning will be displayed if any of the objects selected are too large to upload.
· You can choose which objects in the scene to upload to View.
· The size of each object in the scene is displayed.
· The total number of objects selected is displayed, together with the upload limit.
With large and complex scenes, this information will help in deciding what objects to upload.
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General Improvements
Value filter for the topography
When a topography is displayed showing numeric values, it is now possible to filter those values:
Identify Mesh Parts in the Scene
When exporting a mesh that has multiple parts, distinguishing between the different parts that can be
exported has previously been a case of trial and error. When exporting a single mesh, it is now
possible to identify in the scene what parts of a mesh correspond to the select part in the Export Mesh
Parts window.
Assign selected intervals to the base lithology
When selecting intervals, it is now possible to assign intervals to existing category codes
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Upgrade notes
Project upgrades
Leapfrog Geothermal 3.5 is backwards compatible and supports direct project upgrades from any
version of Leapfrog Geothermal since version 2.6. Projects built in earlier versions of the software
must be opened using Leapfrog Geothermal 2.6 prior to being opened with 3.5. Backdated versions of
the software are available at leapfrog3d.com.
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32-bit architectures
Leapfrog Geothermal 3.5 does not support 32-bit operating systems.
System Requirements
Version information
Supported Recommended
Operating System1,2 Windows 7 (64bit) Windows 8 (64bit) Windows 8.1 (64bit) Windows 10 (64bit)
Windows 7 (64bit) Windows 8.1 (64bit) Windows 10(64bit)
Processor,
Intel CoreTM i3,i5 or i7 CPU (2nd generation or later) Intel XeonTM
Intel CoreTM i7-6800K Intel CoreTM i7-6900K Intel CoreTM i7-7700 Intel XeonTM E5-2630 v3
System Memory 4 GB (Minimum) 32 GB RAM
Free hard disk space Legacy spinning hard disk 250 GB capacity 25 GB free space
Solid state disk drive 1 TB Capacity 100 GB free space
Display resolution 1280 x 720 (Minimum) Single display unit
1920 x 1080 (HD) or better Multiple display setup
Graphics8 NvidiaTM (Desktop hardware) GeForce 700 series3
GeForce 900 series3
GeForce 1000 series3
Quadro 600 series and above Quadro K series3
Quadro P series3
GeForce GTX 950i7
GeForce GTX 1050Ti7
GeForce GTX 10507
NvidiaTM (Mobile hardware)
GeForce 700M series3
GeForce 800M series3
GeForce 900M series3
GeForce 1000 series3
Quadro M series3
Quadro P mobile series
GeForce GTX 950M7
GeForce GTX 1050M7
AMDTM / ATITM (Desktop hardware) Radeon HD 8000 series3
Radeon R5 series3
Radeon R7 series3
Radeon R9 series3
Radeon RX series3
Firepro V series3
Firepro W series3
Radeon RX 4607
Radeon RX 25707
AMDTM / ATITM (Mobile hardware) Radeon HD 8000 series3
Radeon R5 series3
Radeon R7 series3
Radeon R9 M3757
Radeon RX 4607
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Radeon R9 series3
Radeon RX series3
FirePro M series
IntelTM Integrated Graphics HD Graphics 20004
(Generation 2 or later) HD Graphics 510 (Generation 6 or later)
Notes: 1 Running Leapfrog in virtualised environment is not supported 2 Running Leapfrog via a remote desktop connection or other remote login system is not supported 3 Hardware configuration must include 512MB Video RAM or greater 4 Must be 2nd generation IntelⓇ CoreTM i3, i5 or i7 CPU with 512MB Video RAM or greater 5 Must be 3rd generation IntelⓇ CoreTM i3, i5 or i7 CPU with 512MB Video RAM or greater 6 Must be 4th generation IntelⓇ CoreTM i3, i5 or i7 CPU with 512MB Video RAM or greater 7 Models with peak processing power greater than 600GFLOPS are recommended 8 Touch-screen hardware is not supported
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