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global governance
power over life
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Whothe world
rules
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or what
does ?
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What is global governance?1
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Governmentality and power over life2
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So let’s begin…
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What is global governance?1
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Most agree it is an unfolding response tog l o b a l i z a t i o n
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1Liberalism
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world governance
Rosenau 1995
without
world government
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Global governance is
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“the management of global political and
Solomon 2006: 327
economic space in the absence of aglobal state
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Global governance
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Creat[es] the conditions for ordered rule and collective action
Stoker 1998: 21
“
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Global governance involves
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efforts to bring more orderly and reliable responses to social and political issues that go
beyond capacities of states to address individually
Gordenker and Weiss 1996: 17
“
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‘is not normative or prescriptive and
provides a description of real
processes of change in the international
system’
‘not founded on domination but
upon accommodation’
‘in the world [not] of the world. The latter implies a
central authority that is doing the
governing, an implication that clearly has no basis in fact’
Rosenau, Smith & Czempiel 1992
Commission on Global Governance 1995: 2-3
Rosenau 2008
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Neutral and impartial
Technocratic and functional
No power since no central authority
Characteristics
From international Liberal institutions, private and public
CompositionBenign, multi-layered management system
Responds to changes accelerated by globalization
Concerned with Liberal peace
Rationale
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Power in global governance takes mainly material form
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Hard and soft diplomatic power
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Military power
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Economic power
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Measureable and quantifiable
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2Feminism
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Global governance involves
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The expression of masculine power through hegemonic beliefs and institutions
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powe
r in Patriarchal
hierarchies and values in international system
Masculine biases in state and state system Condoning of violence
powe
r thr
ough International
institutions
powe
r ove
r Weaker actors
powe
r todiscipline
and punish
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3Constructivism
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Global governance combines and projects
ideological and material power
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It is a set of ideas, a body of thought, a system of norms, which has been arranged by certain people at a particular time and place (Jackson and Sorenson 2007: 162)
The international system is not
something ‘out there’ like the
solar system.
It does not exist on its own. It exists only as
an intersubjective [shared]
awareness among people; in that sense
the system is constituted by ideas, not
by material forces.
It is a human invention or
creation not of a physical or
material kind but of a purely
intellectual and ideational
kind.
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Constructivists reject claims of neutrality and impartiality
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claim it projects a dominant, privileged ideal
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identifies liberal/neoliberal hegemony globally
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Planetary life organised around Liberal beliefs
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Democracy, capitalism, individualism for the greater good
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Liberal ways are the final and best ways
Fukuyama, Huntington, Kaplan
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Liberal proponents produce truths about Liberalism and declare them as absolutes
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No viable alternative to Liberalism
Individualism is the only freedom
Capitalism will create equitable growth
Resource depletion is sustainable through technological adaptation
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Liberal proponents project and protect these claims
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Liberal hegemony projected through institutions (trade regimes, IGOs), processes (governance), materials (wealth, consumption) and propaganda
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productiveP o w e r a s
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as an objective, absolute and neutral truth
the ability to represent a subjective, incomplete and partisan claim
(Roberts 2010)
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invisible power
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‘anonymousAUTHORITY’
Erich Fromm, 1941: 190
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Hard to grasp power asinvisible
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If it’s not evident in a person
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or a state
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p o w e r i n g l o b a l g o v e r n a n c e i s
SO
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neutral and impartial, material only
Liberalism
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masculine values and preferences, projected through masculine-dominated institutions, to
create a violent, gendered world
Feminism
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composed of Liberal values expressed through institutions structured to reproduce Liberalism and
discipline non-conformity
Constructivism
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Governmentality and power over life2
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Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Alain Badiou, Gilles Deleuze, Michael Hardt, Achille Mbembe, Warren Montag, Antonio Negri,
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idea that government has a
rationality
governmentalityg o v e r n m e n t m e n t a l i t y
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A reason and purpose
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To manage life
disseminated through nationwide outlets or capillary networks
national life managed through schools, hospitals, job centres, prisons, councils, police etc.
with power from centre
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Rationality of government is to exert power over life
disciplines and punishes in order to generate compliance with ideology
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This is
biopolitics
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power over LIFE
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Global governmentality as
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Liberal power over planetary life
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Source of global power is neoliberal hegemony
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power disseminated through local and global institutions, or capillary networks
international life managed through international institutions (UN, WB, EU, WTO, Standard & Poor etc)
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Power exists, so what does it do, beyond Liberal/Realist impressions?
Not limited to simple dominance and direct violence
Not limited to material expression of wealth and hierarchies
Not limited by geographies and boundaries
Ideological power influences all and everything
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Conclusion
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global governance is technical, material and ideological
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managementc a l c u l a t e d
o f l i f e
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Important because…
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reveals structures, rules, actors behind international phenomena
demonstrates cause and effect
allows culpability to be identified
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Holds actors, institutions and processes to account
Allows us to see and understand why good and bad things happen
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