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Lecture 2:
The Gilded Age and Progressive Era
History 2020, United States History 2
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The Gilded AgeA. Characteristics of the Gilded Age and Capitalism:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Conceptions of Laissez-faire and Class Warfare: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Gilded AgeC. Defending the Gilded Age (Herbert Spencer):
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. William Graham Sumner: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Gilded Age
E. Andrew Carnegie: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Gilded Age
F. Russell Conwell: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
G. The Gilded Age: ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Growth of CitiesA. Growth and Population:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Quality of Life: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Reaction
A. Socialism: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Communism: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Anarchism: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Labor Unions: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Technological InnovationA. Railroad:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Barbed Wire: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Telephone: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Technological InnovationD. Edison and the Phonograph:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Technological InnovationE. Edison’s Electric Light System:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
F. Henry Ford’s Automobile: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Technological InnovationG. Other Late 19th/Early 20th Century Innovations:
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Leisure and SportA. Evolution of Leisure:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Evolution of American Sport: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Importance of Sport as History: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Early American SportA. Early Sports:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Football: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Basketball: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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BaseballA. Origins:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Doubleday and Cartwright: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Evolution of Clubs: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Leagues: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Era of Stalemate
A. Definition: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. The Presidency: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Political Parties: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Judiciary: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Judicial Revolution of 1890
A. Definition/Mugler v. Kansas: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. US v. Knight: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Plessy v. Ferguson: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Election of 1880
A. Era of Stalemate: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Spoils and Merit Systems: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Characteristics of 1880: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Aftermath of the Election: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Election of 1884
A. Grover Cleveland: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. James G. Blaine: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Controversy: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Mugwumps and Burchard: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Elections of 1888 and 1892
A. 1888 and the Harrison Administration: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Election of 1892: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Second Cleveland Administration
A. Interesting Facts about Grover Cleveland: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. The Silver Issue and Depression of 1893: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Coxey’s Army: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Second Cleveland Administration:
A. Pullman Palace Car Company and Pullman, Illinois: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Strike: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Election of 1896
A. William McKinley: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. William Jennings Bryan: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Cross of Gold: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Results: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Progressive Era
A. Progressivism: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Common Progressive Reforms/Aims: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. John Dewey and Education: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Progressive Era
D. Lester Frank Ward: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Henry George and the Single Tax: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The Progressive Era
F. Ethical Elite: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
G. Booker T. Washington: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
H. W. E. B. Du Bois: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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National Reform
A. Income Tax: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Direct Election of Senators: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Prohibition: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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National ReformD. Women’s Suffrage:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
F. RMS Titanic: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
G. Muckrakers: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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McKinleyA. Erdman Act:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Hawaii: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Election of 1900: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Intervention into Cuba and McKinley: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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McKinleyE. USS Maine:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
F. Spanish American War: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Theodore RooseveltA. Assassination of William McKinley:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Early Characteristics and Political Career: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Plot to Bury Roosevelt: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Theodore RooseveltD. Panama Canal:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Election of 1904: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
F. Domestic Policy and the Square Deal: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Theodore RooseveltG. Diplomacy and Imperialism:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
G. Russo-Japanese War: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Election of 1912A. Election of 1908 and William Howard Taft:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Bull Moose: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Election Results: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Election of 1912A. Underwood Tariff:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Federal Reserve: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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