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Lecture 29 – An advertisement: two astronomy courses next semester
• 29:52 ,“Characteristics and Origins of the Solar System, 1:30 – 2:20 MWF
• 143:070:001, Honors Seminar in Natural Sciences, “Life in the Universe: Scientific Bases for Speculation”, 2:30-3:45 TTh
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Why study the solar system next semester?
Jupiter, Saturn, and Venus will all be
in the evening sky
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Astronomical Events this Month
• Venus in the western sky after sunset
• Total eclipse of the Moon, November 8 (Saturday night) 5:32 PM 7:06 7:31 9:04
• Leonid meteor shower, November 18, before dawn
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Last word on massive stellar evolution: it happens fast and
ends violently
Eta Carinae: Watch the skies! Watch the skies!
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Next topic: Structure of the Milky Way Galaxy
What is the size, shape, and nature of the system of stars in which we live?
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You can learn a lot by looking at the sky and thinking
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From this picture, let’s figure out the shape of the Milky Way. Characteristics to go on are:
• Sprinkling of stars everywhere
• Thick band of light across the sky (the Milky Way)
• Band brightest in the direction of Sagittarius
• Band faintest in the direction of Taurus-Auriga
What’s the answer?
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The Answer
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How far is it to the galactic center?
How could we know?
Hint provided by globular star clusters. Great summertime objects, few in winter
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How globulars indicate the distance to the galactic center
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Globular Clusters are Distant
It must be a long way to the galactic center
Globular cluster Distance (light years)
M13 (Hercules) 21,000
M15 (Aquarius) 34,000
M92 (Hercules) 26,000
M4 (Scorpius) 14,000
M5 (Serpens) 26,000