Download - Lecture Latitude And Longitude
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Latitude and Longitude
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Latitude and Longitude■Lines of Latitude and
Longitude are imaginary lines that encircle the Earth in either an East- West direction or in a North-South direction
■Together they form a grid which can be used to identify locations on the Earth’s surface
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Latitude and Longitude
■When using these lines to find a location the coordinates are always given latitude first and then longitude
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Latitude
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Latitude■Latitude is the name for a group of
imaginary lines that run parallel to the Equator■The Equator is the 0 degree line and
splits the earth into two equal halves –northern and southern hemispheres■Each hemisphere is divided into 90
degrees, from the Equator to the Pole
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Latitude
■When finding a point in the Northern hemisphere the latitude is given as (x) degrees N■For a point in the Southern
hemisphere the coordinates would be (x) degrees S
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Latitude
■Lines of latitude get smaller as they get further north because the distance around the Earth decreases■At the Poles the latitude is 90 degrees
and the circular distance is 0km, each Pole being just a single point
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Latitude
■There are several major lines of Latitude other than the Equator and the Poles■They are the Tropic of Cancer, the
Tropic of Capricorn, the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle
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Longitude
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Longitude
■Lines of longitude run north-south around the planet■They begin at the Prime Meridian and
split the Earth into East and West hemispheres■There are 180 degrees in each
hemisphere
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Longitude
■When locating a point in the Eastern hemisphere the longitude is given as (x) degrees E■For a point in the Western
hemisphere the longitude would be (x) degrees W
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Longitude
■All lines of longitude are the same length■There is only one important line of
Longitude other than the Prime Meridian – the International Date Line■This is the 180 degree line in both
directions
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Latitude and LongitudeFinding Locations
■To use latitude and longitude to find a location you simply follow the lines until they meet at the point you are looking for
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Latitude and LongitudeFinding Locations
■The latitude is always the first coordinate given
■It will be a number between 0 and 90 degrees and will be followed by either an N or an S, depending on which hemisphere the location is in
■Longitude is always the second number and will be between 0 and 180 degrees, followed by either an E or a W
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Latitude and LongitudeFinding Locations
■Not all points are located neatly at the points where the lines intersect■To find locations between the points
each degree is split into 60 smaller sections called minutes■For example, the coordinates for
Orono are 43 59N 78 36W
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Latitude and LongitudeFinding Locations
■The coordinates for Orono mean that the village is located 43 degrees and 59 minutes north of the Equator and 78 degrees and 36 minutes west of the Prime Meridian
■If you are using a GPS device there will be an additional set of numbers for each coordinate, called seconds
■Seconds subdivide the minutes into even smaller sections and provide additional accuracy