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LecturePLUS Timberlake 1
Acids and Bases
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 2
Acids and Bases
Acids produce Hydrogen (H+) in solutions
Bases produce Hydroxide (OH-) in solutions
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 3
Acids
Produce more H+ ions in water
Taste sour
Corrode (eat thru) metals
React with bases to form salts and water
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 4
Bases
Produce more OH- ions in water
Taste bitter, chalky
Are electrolytes
Feel soapy, slippery
React with acids to form salts and
water
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 5
Acid or base?
H+
H+
H+ H+OH-
OH-
OH-
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 6
Acid or base?
H+
H+
H+
H+
OH-
OH-
OH-
OH-
OH-
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 7
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 8
Strong acids and bases
Strong Acid • Has a very LOW pH (0-3)Strong Base• Has a very HIGH pH (11-14)
Mor
e ba
sic
Mor
e ac
idic
NaOH, 0.1 MHousehold bleachHousehold ammonia
Lime waterMilk of magnesia
Borax
Baking sodaEgg white, seawaterHuman blood, tearsMilkSalivaRain
Black coffeeBananaTomatoesWineCola, vinegarLemon juice
Gastric juice
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 9
Weak acids and bases• Weak Acid= pH close to 7 (3.1 -
6.9)• Weak Base= pH close to 7 (7.1 -
10.9)
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 10
pH scale
• Measures the # H+ and OH- in a solution
• Ranges from 0-14 • 0- 6.9= Acid = # of H+ ions > # of
OH- ions• 7 = Neutral = # of H+ ions = # of
OH- ions • 7.1- 14 = Base = # of OH- ions > #
of H+ ions
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 11
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 12
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 13
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 14
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 15
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 16
Learning Check AB1
Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral.
A. ___soda
B. ___soap
C. ___coffee
D. ___ wine
E. ___ water
F. ___ grapefruit
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 17
Solution AB1
Describe each solution as:
1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral.
A. _1_ soda
B. _2_ soap
C. _1_ coffee
D. _1_ wine
E. _3_ water
F. _1_ grapefruit
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 18
Learning Check AB2
Identify each as characteristic of an A) acid or B) base
____ 1. Sour taste
____ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions
____ 3. Chalky taste
____ 4. Is an electrolyte
____ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 19
Solution AB2
Identify each as a characteristic of an A) acid or B) base
_A_ 1. Sour taste
_B_ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions
_B_ 3. Chalky taste
B 4. Is an electrolyte
_A_ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 20
Learning Check AB5
Acid, Base Nameor Salt
CaCl2 ______ _________________
KOH ______ _________________
Ba(OH)2 ______ _________________
HBr ______ _________________
H2SO4 ______ __________________
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LecturePLUS Timberlake 21
Solution AB5
Acid, Base Nameor Salt
CaCl2 salt calcium chloride
KOH base potassiuim hydroxide
Ba(OH)2 base barium hydroxide
HBr acid hydrobromic acid
H2SO4 acid sulfuric acid