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Lesson: Acids and Bases
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Science Differentiation in action
All acids have a sour taste.
Carbonic acid Citric acid
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Science Differentiation in action
Some acids are corrosive.
(H2SO4) (HCl)
What elements are contained in these acids?
Sulfuric acid. Hydrochloric acid.
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Science Differentiation in action
Which hazard symbol represents corrosive?
A B C
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Science Differentiation in action
How would we test for an acid?
Try some experiments.
Use litmus paper.
What did you find out?
Acids turn blue litmus paper ____red.
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Science Differentiation in action
Bases are the opposite of acids.
Toothpaste Soap Cleaning agents
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Science Differentiation in action
Strong bases include:
What elements are contained in these bases?
(NaOH) Ca(OH)2
Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide
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Science Differentiation in action
Strong bases include:
Sodium hydroxide is also called caustic soda because it is
corrosive.
Calcium hydroxide is also called limewater.
NON-CORROSIVE
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Science Differentiation in action
Bases that dissolve in water are called:
So ______ are bases soluble in water.alkalis
Alkalis
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Science Differentiation in action
How would we test for a base or an alkali?
Try some experiments.
Use litmus paper.
What did you find out?
Alkali turn red litmus paper ____.blue
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Science Differentiation in action
The strength of acids and bases can be measured on a pH scale.
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a
base.
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Science Differentiation in action
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
We can measure pH using universal indicator.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a base.
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Science Differentiation in action
Each colour represents a number on the pH scale.
Now, use universal indicator to find the pH of some substances.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Weak base
Strong base
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
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Science Differentiation in action
1. What acid is found in your stomach?
Review Questions
2. Which pH is neutral?
3. What would you use to measure pH?
1 3 5 7 9 11
12 14
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Science Differentiation in action
What happens when you add an acid to a base?
Question to think about!