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Name Character Unicode code point (decimal) Standard Description
quot " U+0022 (34) XML 1.0 double quotation mark
amp & U+0026 (38) XML 1.0 ampersand
apos ' U+0027 (39) XML 1.0 apostrophe (apostrophe-quote)
lt < U+003C (60) XML 1.0 less-than sign
gt > U+003E (62) XML 1.0 greater-than sign
Character entity references in HTML
The HTML 4 DTDs define 252 named entities, references to which act as mnemonic aliases for certain Unicodecharacters. The HTML 4 specification requires the use of the standard DTDs and does not allow users to defineadditional entities.
In the table below, the "Standard" column indicates the first version of the HTML DTD that defines the
character entity reference. HTML 4.01 does not provide any new character references.To use one of these character entity references in an HTML or XML document, enter an ampersand followedby the entity name and a semicolon, e.g., &
Name Character
Unicode code
point
(decimal)
Standard DTD[a]Old ISO
subset[b]Description[c]
quot " U+0022 (34) HTML 2.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumquotation mark (APLquote)
amp & U+0026 (38) HTML 2.0 HTMLspecial ISOnum ampersand
apos ' U+0027 (39) XHTML 1.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumapostrophe(apostrophe-quote);see below
lt < U+003C (60) HTML 2.0 HTMLspecial ISOnum less-than sign
gt > U+003E (62) HTML 2.0 HTMLspecial ISOnum greater-than sign
nbsp U+00A0 (160) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum
no-break space
(non-breakingspace)[d]
iexcl U+00A1 (161) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnuminverted exclamationmark
cent U+00A2 (162) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum cent sign
pound U+00A3 (163) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum pound sign
curren U+00A4 (164) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum currency sign
yen U+00A5 (165) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum yen sign (yuan sign)
brvbar U+00A6 (166) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumbroken bar (brokenvertical bar)
sect U+00A7 (167) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum section sign
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_yuanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_yenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_(typography)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent_(currency)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_question_and_exclamation_markshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-breaking_spacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater-than_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Less-than_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater-than_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Less-than_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostrophehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_mark -
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uml U+00A8 (168) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOdiadiaeresis (spacingdiaeresis); seeGermanic umlaut
copy U+00A9 (169) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum copyright symbol
ordf U+00AA (170) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumfeminine ordinalindicator
laquo U+00AB (171) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum
left-pointing doubleangle quotation mark(left pointing
guillemet)
not U+00AC (172) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum not sign
shy U+00AD (173) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumsoft hyphen(discretionary
hyphen)
reg U+00AE (174) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum registered sign(registeredtrademark symbol)
macr U+00AF (175) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOdiamacron (spacingmacron, overline,
APL overbar)
deg U+00B0 (176) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum degree symbol
plusmn U+00B1 (177) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumplus-minus sign (plus-
or-minus sign)
sup2 U+00B2 (178) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumsuperscript two(superscript digit
two, squared)
sup3 U+00B3 (179) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumsuperscript three(superscript digit
three, cubed)
acute U+00B4 (180) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOdia
acute accent
(spacing acute)
micro U+00B5 (181) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum micro sign
para U+00B6 (182) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumpilcrow sign(paragraph sign)
middot U+00B7 (183) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnummiddle dot(Georgian comma,
Greek middle dot)
cedil U+00B8 (184) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOdia
cedilla (spacingcedilla)
sup1 U+00B9 (185) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumsuperscript one(superscript digit
one)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpuncthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilcrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plus-minus_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registered_trademark_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_hyphenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillemethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinal_indicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_umlauthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic) -
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ordm U+00BA (186) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnummasculine ordinalindicator
raquo U+00BB (187) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum
right-pointing doubleangle quotation mark(right pointing
guillemet)
frac14 U+00BC (188) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum vulgar fraction onequarter (fraction onequarter)
frac12 U+00BD (189) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumvulgar fraction onehalf (fraction onehalf)
frac34 U+00BE (190) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnumvulgar fraction threequarters (fractionthree quarters)
iquest U+00BF (191) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnuminverted questionmark (turnedquestion mark)
Agrave U+00C0 (192) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin capital letter Awith grave accent(Latin capital letter
A grave)
Aacute U+00C1 (193) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter A
with acute accent
Acirc U+00C2 (194) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Awith circumflex
Atilde U+00C3 (195) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Awith tilde
Auml U+00C4 (196) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Awith diaeresis
Aring U+00C5 (197) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin capital letter A
with ring above(Latin capital letter
A ring)
AElig U+00C6 (198) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter AE(Latin capital
ligature AE)
Ccedil U+00C7 (199) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Cwith cedilla
Egrave U+00C8 (200) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin capital letter Ewith grave accent
Eacute U+00C9 (201) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin capital letter E
with acute accent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_question_and_exclamation_markshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinal_indicator -
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Ecirc U+00CA (202) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Ewith circumflex
Euml U+00CB (203) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Ewith diaeresis
Igrave U+00CC (204) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Iwith grave accent
Iacute U+00CD (205) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Iwith acute accent
Icirc U+00CE (206) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Iwith circumflex
Iuml U+00CF (207) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Iwith diaeresis
ETH U+00D0 (208) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin capital letter Eth
Ntilde U+00D1 (209) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin capital letter Nwith tilde
Ograve U+00D2 (210) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Owith grave accent
Oacute U+00D3 (211) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Owith acute accent
Ocirc U+00D4 (212) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Owith circumflex
Otilde U+00D5 (213) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin capital letter Owith tilde
Ouml U+00D6 (214) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Owith diaeresis
times U+00D7 (215) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum multiplication sign
Oslash U+00D8 (216) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin capital letter Owith stroke (Latincapital letter O
slash)
Ugrave U+00D9 (217) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Uwith grave accent
Uacute U+00DA (218) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Uwith acute accent
Ucirc U+00DB (219) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter Uwith circumflex
Uuml U+00DC (220) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin capital letter U
with diaeresisYacute U+00DD (221) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin capital letter Ywith acute accent
THORN U+00DE (222) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin capital letter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorn_(letter)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplication_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflex -
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szlig U+00DF (223) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small lettersharp s (ess-zed); seeGerman Eszett
agrave U+00E0 (224) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter awith grave accent
aacute U+00E1 (225) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin small letter awith acute accent
acirc U+00E2 (226) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter awith circumflex
atilde U+00E3 (227) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter awith tilde
auml U+00E4 (228) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter awith diaeresis
aring U+00E5 (229) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin small letter awith ring above
aelig U+00E6 (230) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter ae(Latin small ligature
ae)
ccedil U+00E7 (231) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter cwith cedilla
egrave U+00E8 (232) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter e
with grave accenteacute U+00E9 (233) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin small letter ewith acute accent
ecirc U+00EA (234) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter ewith circumflex
euml U+00EB (235) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter ewith diaeresis
igrave U+00EC (236) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter i
with grave accentiacute U+00ED (237) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin small letter iwith acute accent
icirc U+00EE (238) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter iwith circumflex
iuml U+00EF (239) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter iwith diaeresis
eth U+00F0 (240) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin small letter eth
ntilde U+00F1 (241) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1 Latin small letter nwith tilde
ograve U+00F2 (242) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith grave accent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eszetthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorn_(letter) -
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oacute U+00F3 (243) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith acute accent
ocirc U+00F4 (244) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith circumflex
otilde U+00F5 (245) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith tilde
ouml U+00F6 (246) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith diaeresis
divide U+00F7 (247) HTML 3.2 HTMLlat1 ISOnum division sign (obelus)
oslash U+00F8 (248) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter owith stroke (Latinsmall letter o slash)
ugrave U+00F9 (249) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter u
with grave accentuacute U+00FA (250) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1
Latin small letter uwith acute accent
ucirc U+00FB (251) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter uwith circumflex
uuml U+00FC (252) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter uwith diaeresis
yacute U+00FD (253) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter y
with acute accent
thorn U+00FE (254) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letterthorn
yuml U+00FF (255) HTML 2.0 HTMLlat1 ISOlat1Latin small letter ywith diaeresis
OElig U+0152 (338) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOlat2Latin capital ligature
oe[e]
oelig U+0153 (339) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOlat2
Latin small ligature
oe[e]
Scaron U+0160 (352) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOlat2Latin capital letter swith caron
scaron U+0161 (353) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOlat2Latin small letter swith caron
Yuml U+0178 (376) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOlat2Latin capital letter ywith diaeresis
fnof U+0192 (402) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtechLatin small letter fwith hook (function,florin)
circ U+02C6 (710) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub modifier letter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(mathematics)#Notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorn_(letter)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_accenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trema_(diacritic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_accent -
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c rcum ex accen
tilde U+02DC (732) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOdia small tilde
Alpha U+0391 (913) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterAlpha
Beta U+0392 (914) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterBeta
Gamma U+0393 (915) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek capital letterGamma
Delta U+0394 (916) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterDelta
Epsilon U+0395 (917) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterEpsilon
Zeta U+0396 (918) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterZeta
Eta U+0397 (919) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol Greek capital letterEta
Theta U+0398 (920) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterTheta
Iota U+0399 (921) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterIota
Kappa U+039A (922) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterKappa
Lambda U+039B (923) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek capital letterLambda
Mu U+039C (924) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterMu
Nu U+039D (925) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterNu
Xi U+039E (926) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterXi
Omicron U+039F (927) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterOmicron
Pi U+03A0 (928) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol Greek capital letter Pi
Rho U+03A1 (929) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterRho
Sigma U+03A3 (931) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterSigma
Tau U+03A4 (932) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol Greek capital letterTau
Upsilon U+03A5 (933) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letter
Upsilon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tildehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumflex -
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Phi U+03A6 (934) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterPhi
Chi U+03A7 (935) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolGreek capital letterChi
Psi U+03A8 (936) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek capital letterPsi
Omega U+03A9 (937) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek capital letterOmega
alpha U+03B1 (945) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letteralpha
beta U+03B2 (946) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterbeta
gamma U+03B3 (947) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small lettergamma
delta U+03B4 (948) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letterdelta
epsilon U+03B5 (949) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterepsilon
zeta U+03B6 (950) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterzeta
eta U+03B7 (951) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter eta
theta U+03B8 (952) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3
Greek small letter
theta
iota U+03B9 (953) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter iota
kappa U+03BA (954) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterkappa
lambda U+03BB (955) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterlambda
mu U+03BC (956) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter mu
nu U+03BD (957) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter nuxi U+03BE (958) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter xi
omicron U+03BF (959) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEWGreek small letteromicron
pi U+03C0 (960) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter pi
rho U+03C1 (961) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter rho
sigmaf U+03C2 (962) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterfinal sigma
sigma U+03C3 (963) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small lettersigma
tau U+03C4 (964) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter tau
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upsilon U+03C5 (965) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letterupsilon
phi U+03C6 (966) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter phi
chi U+03C7 (967) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter chi
psi U+03C8 (968) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek small letter psi
omega U+03C9 (969) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3Greek small letteromega
thetasym U+03D1 (977) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEW Greek theta symbol
upsih U+03D2 (978) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEWGreek Upsilon withhook symbol
piv U+03D6 (982) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOgrk3 Greek pi symbol
ensp U+2002 (8194) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub en space[d]
emsp U+2003 (8195) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub em space[d]
thinsp U+2009 (8201) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub thin space[d]
zwnj U+200C (8204) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecialNEW RFC
2070zero-width non-joiner
zwj U+200D (8205) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecialNEW RFC
2070zero-width joiner
lrm U+200E (8206) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecialNEW RFC
2070left-to-right mark
rlm U+200F (8207) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial NEW RFC2070
right-to-left mark
ndash U+2013 (8211) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub en dash
mdash U+2014 (8212) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub em dash
lsquo U+2018 (8216) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumleft single quotationmark
rsquo U+2019 (8217) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumright single quotationmark
sbquo U+201A (8218) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial NEW single low-9quotation mark
ldquo U+201C (8220) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumleft double quotationmark
rdquo U+201D (8221) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOnumright double quotationmark
bdquo U+201E (8222) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial NEWdouble low-9quotation mark
dagger U+2020 (8224) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpub dagger, obelisk
Dagger U+2021 (8225) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpubdouble dagger,
double obelisk
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagger_(typography)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagger_(typography)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotation_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em_dashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/En_dashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-to-left_markhttp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2070http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-to-right_markhttp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2070http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width_joinerhttp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2070http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width_non-joinerhttp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2070http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_spacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em_(typography)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/En_(typography) -
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bull U+2022 (8226) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOpubbullet (black small
circle)[f]
hellip U+2026 (8230) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOpubhorizontal ellipsis(three dot leader)
permil U+2030 (8240) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISOtech per mille sign
prime U+2032 (8242) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech prime (minutes, feet)
Prime U+2033 (8243) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtechdouble prime(seconds, inches)
lsaquo U+2039 (8249) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISO
proposed
single left-pointingangle quotation
mark[g]
rsaquo U+203A (8250) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial ISO
proposed
single right-pointingangle quotation
mark[g]
oline U+203E (8254) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEWoverline (spacingoverscore)
frasl U+2044 (8260) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEWfraction slash(solidus)
euro U+20AC (8364) HTML 4.0 HTMLspecial NEW euro sign
image U+2111 (8465) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsoblack-letter capital I(imaginary part)
weierp U+2118 (8472) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsoscript capital P(power set,
Weierstrass p)
real U+211C (8476) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsoblack-letter capital R(real part symbol)
trade U+2122 (8482) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnum trademark symbol
alefsym U+2135 (8501) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEWalef symbol (firsttransfinite
cardinal)[h]
larr U+2190 (8592) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnum leftwards arrow
uarr U+2191 (8593) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnum upwards arrow
rarr U+2192 (8594) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnum rightwards arrow
darr U+2193 (8595) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnum downwards arrow
harr U+2194 (8596) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsa left right arrow
crarr U+21B5 (8629) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbolNEW
downwards arrow
with corner leftwards(carriage return)
lArr U+21D0 (8656) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech
leftwards double
arrow[i]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleph_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weierstrass_phttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidus_(punctuation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_milhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet_(typography) -
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uArr U+21D1 (8657) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsaupwards doublearrow
rArr U+21D2 (8658) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOnumrightwards double
arrow[j]
dArr U+21D3 (8659) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsadownwards double
arrowhArr U+21D4 (8660) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsa
left right doublearrow
forall U+2200 (8704) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech for all
part U+2202 (8706) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech partial differential
exist U+2203 (8707) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech there exists
empty U+2205 (8709) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsoempty set (null set);see also U+8960,
nabla U+2207 (8711) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtechdel or nabla (vectordifferential
operator)
isin U+2208 (8712) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech element of
notin U+2209 (8713) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech not an element of
ni U+220B (8715) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech contains as member
prod U+220F (8719) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsbn-ary product
(product sign)[k]
sum U+2211 (8721) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamsb n-ary summation[l]
minus U+2212 (8722) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech minus sign
lowast U+2217 (8727) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech asterisk operator
radic U+221A (8730) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtechsquare root (radicalsign)
prop U+221D (8733) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech proportional to
infin U+221E (8734) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech infinityang U+2220 (8736) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOamso angle
and U+2227 (8743) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech logical and (wedge)
or U+2228 (8744) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech logical or (vee)
cap U+2229 (8745) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech intersection (cap)
cup U+222A (8746) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech union (cup)
int U+222B (8747) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech integral
there4 U+2234 (8756) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtech therefore sign
sim U+223C (8764) HTML 4.0 HTMLsymbol ISOtechtilde operator (varies
with, similar to)[m]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therefore_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral#Terminology_and_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(set_theory)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_(set_theory)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinity#The_infinity_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nth_root#Definition_and_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_(mathematics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplication#Capital_Pi_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabla_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameter#Diameter_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_set#Notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turned_a -
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represent both.
n. ^sup: note that nsup, U+2283 'not a superset of', is not covered by the Symbol font encoding and is not
included. Should it be, for symmetry? It is in the ISOamsn subset.
o. ^perp: Unicode only defines U+22A5 as the "up tack". The Unicode symbol for "perpendicular" is U+27C2.
Thetwo symbols look similar, but are separate in Unicode. However, HTML uses U+22A5 as its
"perpendicular" symbol. This is a discrepancy between HTML and Unicode. As well, the U+22A4 character
(the"down tack" symbol) rendered in a browser such as Firefox 3.6 can match the font of either "up tack" or"perpendicular", but not both, depending on whether a fixed-width or a proportional font is used. When viewed
in Firefox 3.6, the symbols rendered in the order U+22A5, U+22A4, U+27C2 in a proportional font: and
a fixed width one: , shows that the "down tack" has a similar look to U+22A5 (HTML's "perpendicular")
in the first case but matches U+27C2 in the second. This exemplifies the difficulties of the semiotics involved in
interpreting glyphs, symbols and characters generally.
p. ^sdot: 'dot operator' is notthe same character as U+00B7 'middle dot'.
q. ^lang: U+2329 'left-pointing angle bracket' is notthe same character as U+003C 'less than', U+2039 'single
left-pointing angle quotation mark', U+27E8 'mathematical left angle bracket', or U+3008 'left angle bracket'. In
HTML 5.0, langhas been remapped to U+27E8 'mathematical left angle bracket', as U+2329 'left-pointinganglebracket' has been marked deprecated in Unicode (Unicode.org - Proposal for Additional Deprecated
Characters (http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-122.html)).
r. ^rang: U+232A 'right-pointing angle bracket' is notthe same character as U+003E 'greater than', U+203A
'single right-pointing angle quotation mark', U+27E9 'mathematical right angle bracket', or U+3009 'right angle
bracket'. In HTML 5.0, langhas been remapped to U+27E9 'mathematical right angle bracket', as U+232A
'right-pointing angle bracket' has been marked deprecated in Unicode (Unicode.org - Proposal for Additional
Deprecated Characters (http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-122.html)).
Entities representing special characters in XHTML
The XHTML DTDs explicitly declare 253 entities (including the 5 predefined entities of XML 1.0) whoseexpansionis a single character, which can therefore be informally referred to as "character entities". These (withthe exception of the 'entity) have the same names and represent the same characters as the 252character entities in HTML. Also, by virtue of being XML, XHTML documents may reference the predefined'entity, which is not one of the 252 character entities in HTML. Additional entities of any size may bedefined ona per-document basis. However, the usability of entity references in XHTML is affected by how the
documentis being processed:If thedocument is read by a conforming HTML processor, then only the 252 HTML character entities
cansafely be used. The use of 'or custom entity references may not be supported and may
produce unpredictable results.
If thedocument is read by an XML parser that does not or cannot read external entities, then only the
fivebuilt-in XML character entities (see above) can safely be used, although other entities may be used if
they are declared in the internal DTD subset.
If thedocument is read by an XML parser that does read external entities, then the five built-in XMLcharacter entities can safely be used. The other 248 HTML character entities can be used as long as the
XHTML DTD is accessible to the parser at the time the document is read. Other entities may also be
usedif they are declared in the internal DTD subset.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_Type_Definitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTMLhttp://www.unicode.org/review/pr-122.htmlhttp://www.unicode.org/review/pr-122.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_(symbol)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyphshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semioticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox -
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Because of the special 'case mentioned above, only ", &, will work in allprocessing situations.
See also
Character encodings in HTML
HTML decimal character renderingSGML entity
References
Unicode Consortium (http://www.unicode.org/). See also: Unicode Consortium
UnicodeData.txt from the Unicode Consortium
(http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt)
World Wide Web Consortium (http://www.w3.org/). See also: World Wide Web ConsortiumXML 1.0 spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/)
HTML 2.0 spec (http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html-spec/html-spec_toc.html)
HTML 3.2 spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html32)
HTML 4.0 spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-html40-19980424/)
HTML 4.01 spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/)
HTML5 Working Draft (http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/)
XHTML 1.0 spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/)
XML Entity Definitions for Characters (http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-entity-names/)
The normative reference to RFC 2070 (still found in DTDs defining the character entities for HTML or
XHTML) is historic; this RFC (along with other RFC's related to different part of the HTML
specification) has been deprecated in favor of the newer informational RFC 2854 which defines the
"text/html" MIME type and references directly the W3C specifications for the actual HTML content.
Numerical Reference of Unicode code points at Wikibooks
External links
Character entity references in HTML 4 (http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html) at the W3C
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references&oldid=629685490"
Categories: Lists of computer languages HTML XML Unicode
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