Download - Logistics Routing
ROUTINGBy
Shriket Trivedi
WHY EMPLOY ROUTING
A B
Shortest Path
Is That All ??
TIME=DISTANCE_________SPEED
SAVINGS AND EARNINGS
C O N S T RA I N S
Each stop on the route may have volume to be picked up as well as delivered
Multiple vehicles may be used using different capacity limits to both weight and Volume
Maximum total driving time allowed before a rest period must be taken is 8 hours
Stops may permit pickups/deliveries only at certain times of day (time windows)
Drivers must be allowed to take short rests or lunch breaks at certain times of the day.
ROUTINGMETHODS
DISTANCE BASED
SWEEP METHODOF ROUTING
The Sweep Method of Routing Locate all stops including the depot on a
map or grid Extend a straight line from the depot in any
direction Rotate the line (clockwise or
counterclockwise) until it intersects a stop Will the inserted stop exceed the vehicle’s
capacity? If not, continue rotating the line until the next
stop is intersected Will the cumulative volume exceed the vehicle’s
capacity? Continue process until vehicle’s capacity would
be exceeded Sequence the stops to minimize distance
Case Study Jai Ganesh Trucking uses vans to deliver
packages to outlaying customers
Packages are collected from a warehouse which doubles as a depot for the vans
Firm’s vans can carry 10,000 units at a time
Sweep Method Example
A
2000
B
3000
C
2000
D
3000
E
1000
F
3000
G
2000
H
4000
I
1000
J
2000
K
2000
L
2000
Depot
Pickup Stop Data: quantities shown in units
Sweep Method Example
A
2000
B
3000
C
2000
D
3000
E
1000
F
3000
G
2000
H
4000
I
1000
J
2000
K
2000
L
2000
Depot
“Sweep” method solution
Sweep Method Example
A
2000
B
3000
C
2000
D
3000
E
1000
F
3000
G
2000
H
4000
I
1000
J
2000
K
2000
L
2000
Depot
“Sweep” method solution
Route 110,000 units
Sweep Method Example
A
2000
B
3000
C
2000
D
3000
E
1000
F
3000
G
2000
H
4000
I
1000
J
2000
K
2000
L
2000
Depot
“Sweep” method solution
Route 110,000 units
Route 29,000 units
Route 38,000 units
SAVINGS METHOD OFROUTING
The Savings Method of Routing
Begin with a dummy vehicle serving each stop and returning to the depot. Gives the maximum distance to be experienced in the
routing problem Two stops are then combined together on the
same route Eliminates one vehicle and travel distance is reduced
To determine which stops to combine on a route, the distance saved is calculated before and after each combination This calculation is repeated for all stop pairs The stop pair with the largest savings value is selected
to be combined
The Savings Method of Routing
Depot (0)
Stop A
Stop B
d0,A
d0,B
dA,0
dB,0
Route distance= d0,A + dA,0 + d0,B + dB,0
The Savings Method of Routing
Depot (0)
Stop A
Stop B
d0,A
dA,B
dB,0
Route distance= d0,A + dA,B + dB,0
Savings value of S= d0,A + dB,0 - dA,B
The Savings Method of Routing
(0)
(A)
(B)
d0,A = 100
d0,B = 85
dA,0 = 100
dB,0 = 85
Route distance = d0,A(100) + dA,0 (100) + d0,B(85) + dB,0 (85) + d0,C (25) + dC,0 (25) = 420 total miles
(C)
d0,C = 25
dC,0 = 25
The Savings Method of Routing
(0)
(A)
(B)
d0,A = 100
dA,B = 145
dC,0 = 25
Combining 3 stops on 1 route – Route distance (additional stop added after 1st 2 stops)= d0,A(100) + dA,B(145) + dB,C(65) + dC,0(25) = 335 miles
Savings value of S = 45 miles savedEarlier O to A to B to O route (330 miles) plus 0 to C to 0 route (50 miles) = 380 miles
(C)
dB,C = 65
The Savings Method of Routing
(0)
(A)
(C)
d0,A = 100
dA,C = 125
dB,0 = 85
Combining 3 stops on 1 route – Route distance (additional stop added between 1st 2 stops)= d0,A(100) + dA,C(125) + dC,B(65) + dB,0(85) = 375 miles
Savings value of S = 5 miles savedEarlier O to A to B to O route (330 miles) plus 0 to C to 0 route (50 miles) = 380 miles
(B)
dC,B = 65
The Savings Method of Routing
(0)
(C)
(A)
d0,C = 25
dC,A = 125
dB,0 = 85
Combining 3 stops on 1 route – Route distance (additional stop added before 1st 2 stops)= d0,C(25) + dC,A(125) + dA,B(145) + dB,0(85) = 380 miles
Savings value of S = 0 miles savedEarlier O to A to B to O route (330 miles) plus 0 to C to 0 route (50 miles) = 380 miles
(B)
dA,B = 145
SOFTWARE BASED ROUTING
Traffic Patters
TerrainVehicle Maintainance Costs
Real Time Dynamic Routing
Scheduling And Prioretisation
Reduce Fleet Size
Order Tracking
Save Fuel
Faster Deliveries
Used By All Large Scale Companies For Transportation Operations
REDUCE TARGET INPUTSLike
Fuel, Number of Vehicles & Man Power
Your Text Here
While Maintaining
And IncreasingProfits
Some Routing Software Providers
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