LupusPRO (Lupus Patient Reported Outcome Tool) v1.7
Authors: Meenakshi Jolly and Simon Pickard
For information on, or permission to use the tool, please contact:
Meenakshi Jolly, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Rheumatology, Department of Medicine
Rush University Medical Center
1611 W Harrison Street, Suite 510
Chicago, Il 60612
Phone: 312.563.2800
Fax: 312.563.2075
Copyright: Rush University and University of Illinois at Chicago
Conditions of use:
With Author’s written Permission
Free for academic/non- profit research, with the signature of an agreement
With fees for commercial/pharmaceutical companies, with the signature of an agreement:
For rates, contact Matthew Raymond at 312.563.2780 or [email protected]
LupusPRO is a disease targeted patient reported outcome tool for patients with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). It was developed from ethnically diverse US patients with SLE (1-3). It has been
validated for use in the US. It has 43 items of which 30 items are for health related quality of life.
It has two constructs Health Related Quality of Life and Non-health related quality of life.
The HRQOL domains include
Lupus Symptoms
Lupus Medications
Cognition, Procreation
Physical health
Emotional Health
Pain & Vitality
Body Image
N-HRQOL domains include
Desires & Goals
Coping
Social Support
Satisfaction with medical Care
Time to completion: 7-10 minutes
Translations: Available in Spanish and French
LupusPRO™ (v 1.7)
This questionnaire asks for your views about the effect of lupus or its treatment on your health, quality of life, and the medical care you receive related to your lupus. Answer each question by placing a cross mark (x) in the response box that best describes you. If you are unsure about how to answer a question, please answer as best you can. There is no right or wrong answer. Please select only one response to each question. You may choose the “Not Applicable” option for a question only if a box is provided in that column for that particular question.
A. In the past 4 weeks, how often did you experience the following due to your lupus?
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
1. Loss of hair □ □ □ □ □ 2. New or flare of previous lupus-related
skin rashes □ □ □ □ □ 3. Lupus flare □ □ □ □ □ 4. Poor memory □ □ □ □ □ 5. Lack of concentration □ □ □ □ □ 6. Lupus medication(s) related bothersome
side effects. □ □ □ □ □ □ 7. Concern about the number of
medications being received for lupus. □ □ □ □ □ □ 8. Concern that lupus medication(s) will
affect ability to have a baby. □ □ □ □ □ □ 9. Worry about ability to prevent unplanned
pregnancy. □ □ □ □ □ □ B. How often were you limited in performing the following daily activities because of your physical health due to your lupus over the past 4 weeks?
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
10. Taking care of your personal needs (dress, comb hair, toilet, eat, bathe) □ □ □ □ □
11. Getting in and out of a bed or chair □ □ □ □ □ 12. Fulfilling family responsibilities □ □ □ □ □ □ 13. Taking care of those who directly
depend on me (family, pet). □ □ □ □ □ □
C. How often did you feel the following due to your lupus during the past 4 weeks?
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
14. I felt I was a burden to family or friends due to my inability to perform daily activities.
□ □ □ □ □ □
15. I woke up feeling worn out □ □ □ □ □ 16. I felt pain and aching in my body □ □ □ □ □ 17. I was unable to do my usual activities
due to bodily pain □ □ □ □ □ 18. I was unable to perform usual activities
for long periods of time (e.g. around home or at work) because of pain or fatigue
□ □ □ □ □
19. I was limited in the kinds of tasks or activities I could perform because of pain or fatigue
□ □ □ □ □
D. During the past 4 weeks, how often did you feel because of your lupus that you were:
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
20. Worried about lupus’ impact on my future □ □ □ □ □
21. Worried about losing income □ □ □ □ □ □ 22. Anxious □ □ □ □ □ 23. Depressed □ □ □ □ □ 24. Concerned that lupus (or its treatment)
may lead to more health problems □ □ □ □ □ 25. Concerned that lupus related health
problems will last a long time □ □ □ □ □
E. During the past 4 weeks, how often did you feel the following due to lupus?
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
26. I disliked my appearance □ □ □ □ □ 27. I thought less of myself □ □ □ □ □ 28. I lacked control over my appearance □ □ □ □ □ 29. I was self conscious about my
appearance □ □ □ □ □ 30. I was embarrassed about how others
perceived me □ □ □ □ □
F. During the past 4 weeks, how often did lupus interfere with your:
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
31. Ability to plan activities and schedule events □ □ □ □ □
32. Overall life satisfaction □ □ □ □ □ 33. Enjoyment of life □ □ □ □ □ 34. Fulfillment of career goals □ □ □ □ □ □ G. During the past 4 weeks, how often would you say in regards to your lupus?
H. During the past 3 months, how often did you feel the following about the medical care for lupus you received?
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
40. My doctor was accessible when I had a question regarding my lupus. □ □ □ □ □ □
41. My doctor understood the impact of lupus on my life. □ □ □ □ □ □
42. My doctor provided me with the information I need to understand my lupus.
□ □ □ □ □ □
43. My doctor discussed/ monitored the side effects of lupus medicine/s. □ □ □ □ □ □
Thank you for completing this questionnaire. Please check to make sure all questions have been answered. ©™ 2007, Rush University Medical Center and Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois at Chicago. All rights reserved.031610
None of the time
A little of the time
Some of the time
Most of the time
All of the time
Not Applicable
35. I received support from my friends. □ □ □ □ □ □ 36. I received support from my family. □ □ □ □ □ □ 37. I focused on making my situation better. □ □ □ □ □ 38. I learned to live with my lupus. □ □ □ □ □ 39. I received comfort/strength from my
religious or spiritual beliefs. □ □ □ □ □ □
Table 1: Summary Scores and Reliability of LupusPRO domains
Domain Mean (SD, Range)
Internal Consistency
Reliability
Test Retest Reliability
Lupus Symptoms 74.1 (24.1, 0-100) 0.72 0.79
Cognition 73.1 (27.8, 0-100) 0.92 0.77
Lupus Medication 77.9 (27.2, 0-100) 0.68 0.74
Physical Health 78.1 (22.9, 0-100) 0.85 0.78
Pain-Vitality 60.4 (28.4, 0-100) 0.92 0.84
Emotional Health 60.4 (28.6, 0-100) 0.92 0.87
Procreation 90.9 (21.3, 0-100) 0.72 0.57
Body Image 72.8 (29.0,0-100) 0.94 0.92
General Health 68.6 (24.9, 0-100) NA 0.91
Desires/Goals 68.1 (29.2,0-100) 0.91 0.63
Coping 69.7 (27.2,0-100) 0.76 0.77
Social support 70.6 (30.9, 0-100) 0.81 0.65
Satisfaction with care
76.5 (30.2,0-100) 0.92 0.55
Table 2. Validity of the LupusPRO against SF36, disease activity and disease damage.
*n=68 for BILAG
Domain SF36 (r, p value)
n=236 Disease Activity
(r, p value) n=184* Disease Damage (r, p value) n=68
Lupus Symptoms
PGA (-0.37, 0.001) SLEDAI ( -0.23, 0.002) LFA (-0.44, 0.001) General BILAG (-0.31,0.01), Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.47,0.001) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.13,0.29) Total BILAG (-0.43,0.001)
Cognition LFA (-0.19, 0.04) -0.23, 0.06
Lupus Medication SLEDAI (-0.17,0.02) LFA (-0.15, 0.08)
-0.37, 0.001
Physical Health PF (0.62, 0.001) RP (0.57, 0.001)
PGA (-0.14, 0.05) LFA (-0.25, 0.004) Total BILAG (-0.23,0.05)
Pain-Vitality BP (0.75, 0.001) VT (0.74,0.001)
PGA (-0.14, 0.06) LFA (-0.21, 0.02) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.26,0.03) Total BILAG (-0.27,0.02)
Emotional Health MH (0.64,0.001) RE (0.52, 0.001)
PGA (-0.19, 0.01) SLEDAI (-0.14, 0.05) LFA (-0.20, 0.02) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.25,0.04) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.21,0.09) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.31, 0.01) Total BILAG (-0.34,0.01)
Procreation PGA (-0.20, 0.007) SLEDAI (-0.18, 0.01)
-0.24,0.05
Body Image
PGA (-0.20, 0.005) SLEDAI (-0.16, 0.03) LFA (-0.23, 0.01) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.25, 0.04) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.26,0.04) Total BILAG (-0.24,0.05)
-0.28,0.03
General Health GH (0.58, 0.001) LFA (-0.21, 0.03) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.26,0.03) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.24, 0.04)
Desires/Goals
PGA (-0.18, 0.01) SLEDAI (-0.22, 0.003) LFA (-0.18, 0.04) General BILAG (-0.30,0.01) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.33, 0.01) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.35,0.001) Total BILAG (-0.50,0.001)
Coping Vasculitis BILAG (-0.25, 0.04)
Social support SS (0.20, 0.002) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.23, 0.06) -0.26, 0.04
Satisfaction with care PGA (0.18, 0.01) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.23,0.06) Cardio-Pulmonary BILAG (-0.35, 0.001)
HRQOL PCS (0.54, 0.001) MCS (0.64, 0.001) SF6D (0.68, 0.001)
PGA (-0.30, 0.001) SLEDAI (-0.32, 0.001) LFA (-0.29, 0.002) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.23, 0.06) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.22,0.08) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.21, 0.09)
-0.32,0.01
Non-HRQOL PCS (0.30, 0.001) MCS (0.27, 0.001) SF6D (0.36, 0.001)
Vasculitis BILAG (-0.28, 0.02)
Table 3. Criterion validity of LupusPRO
PGA mean (SD) (n=182) LFA Flare mean (SD) (n=128)
Lupus Symptoms
0 84.3 (19.4) >0-1 69.6 (23.6) >1 62.1 (28.2) (p=0.001)
Yes 80.5 (21.6) No 51.6 (26.6) (p=0.001)
Cognition 0 76.7 (25.5) >0-1 75.7 (27.9) >1 66.7 (31.4) (p=0.18)
Yes 72.5 (27.6) No 59.3 (27.3) (p=0.03)
Lupus Medication
0 80.4 (26.4) >0-1 81.6 (25.8) >1 68.2 (32.8) (p=0.04)
Yes 80.7 (26.4) No 70 (31.8) (p=0. 0.08)
Physical Health 0 85.0 (21.5) >0-1 75.8 (24.2) >1 75.5 (22.7) (p=0.02)
Yes 79.7 (24.6) No 63.8 (22.3) (p=0.003)
Pain-Vitality 0 66.3 (28.9) >0-1 61.2 (27.6) >1 54.8 (31.9) (p=0.14)
Yes 60.4 (29.5) No 45 (24.9) (p=0. 01)
Emotional Health
0 69.0 (28.6) >0-1 61.4 (29.8) >1 51.1 (31.7) (p=0.01)
Yes 65.4 (29.5) No 50.0 (31.3) (p=0. 02)
Procreation 0 93.1 (18.1) >0-1 89.3 (24.8) >1 79.8 (30.5) (p=0.02)
Yes 93.8 (19.5) No 90.0 (27.9) (p=0.42)
Body Image 0 82.9 (23.4) >0-1 74.7 (28.9) >1 66.9 (32.7) (p=0.01)
Yes 79.2 (26.3) No 63.2 (30.5) (p=0. 009)
General Health 0 77.5 (18.8) >0-1 76.7 (21.4) >1 63.0 (28.5) (p=0.07)
Yes 63.4 (30.4) No 49.5 (26.9) (p=0. 03)
Desires/Goals 0 76.9 (27.4) >0-1 70.1 (27.7) >1 58.7 (34.7) (p=0.008)
Yes 73.3 (28.1) No 60.0 (30.1) (p=0. 0.03)
Coping 0 74.9 (27.9) >0-1 70.0 (26.4) >1 73.6 (32.2) (p=0.56)
Yes 73.0 (26.4) No 69.7 (31.3) (p=0. 59)
Social support 0 74.6 (32.5) >0-1 73.9 (29.7) >1 80.3 (31.3) (p=0.58)
Yes 72.5 (32.4) No 67.0 (32.0) (p=0.45)
Satisfaction with care
0 79.7 (29.2) >0-1 78.1 (32.0) >1 92.1 (12.7) (p=0.02)
Yes 76.4 (32.0) No 78.0 (28.7) (p=0.82)
Reference List
(1) Jolly M, Pickard AS, Wilke C, Lin HW, Khandelwal S, Rodby R et al. Development and Validation of a US Lupus Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure. Arthritis & Rheum. 56[9s], S113. 2007.
(2) Jolly M, Pickard AS, Fogg L, Wilke C, Lin H, Mikolaitis R et al. US Patient Derived Lupus-Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure (Lupus-PRO©): Validity and Reliability. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2008; 58(9s):S805.
(3) Cervera J, Cooray D, Jolly M, Katsaros EP, Moldovan I, Shinada S et al. Predictors of Patient Reported Health Outcomes in A New Lupus Cohort in Southern California. Arthritis & Rheum 60[10s], S515. 2010.
Scoring for LupusPRO v1.7
The LupusPRO© has 5 point Likert response format, where 0=None of the time/not applicable, 1= A little of the time, 2= Some of the time, 3=Most of the time, 4= All of the time, 5= Not applicable (recode as 0 for scoring). Reverse scoring for some items is required (as above). There are 12 observed domains. Item scores are totaled for each domain item and the mean domain score is obtained by dividing the total score by the number of items in that domain. The mean raw domain score is transformed to scores ranging from 0 (worst QOL) to 100 (best QOL) by dividing by 4 (the number of Likert responses {5 responses} minus 1) and then multiplying by 100, as below: (Mean raw domain score/4) x 100= Transformed score for the domain. Transformed domain scores are obtainable when at least 50% of the items are answered. Total HRQOL and N-HRQOL scores are obtained by averaging the transformed domain scores within each construct.
Items Construct Domain Description Reverse Coding
1-3 HRQOL Lupus Symptoms Lupus Symptoms Yes
4-5 HRQOL Cognition Cognition Yes
6-7 HRQOL Lupus Medications Lupus Medications Yes
8-9 HRQOL Procreation Procreation Yes
10-14 HRQOL Physical Health Physical Function, Role Physical Yes
15-19 HRQOL Pain Vitality Pain Vitality Yes
20-25 HRQOL Emotional Health Emotional function, Role Emotional Yes
26-30 HRQOL Body Image Body Image Yes
31-34 N-HRQOL Desires-Goals Desires, Goals, Plans Yes
35-36 N-HRQOL Social support Support system No
37-39 N-HRQOL Coping Coping No
40-43 N-HRQOL Satisfaction with care Satisfaction with Lupus Care No
Table 1: Summary Scores and Reliability of LupusPRO domains
Domain Mean (SD, Range)
Internal Consistency
Reliability
Test Retest Reliability
Lupus Symptoms 74.1 (24.1, 0-100) 0.72 0.79
Cognition 73.1 (27.8, 0-100) 0.92 0.77
Lupus Medication 77.9 (27.2, 0-100) 0.68 0.74
Physical Health 78.1 (22.9, 0-100) 0.85 0.78
Pain-Vitality 60.4 (28.4, 0-100) 0.92 0.84
Emotional Health 60.4 (28.6, 0-100) 0.92 0.87
Procreation 90.9 (21.3, 0-100) 0.72 0.57
Body Image 72.8 (29.0,0-100) 0.94 0.92
General Health 68.6 (24.9, 0-100) NA 0.91
Desires/Goals 68.1 (29.2,0-100) 0.91 0.63
Coping 69.7 (27.2,0-100) 0.76 0.77
Social support 70.6 (30.9, 0-100) 0.81 0.65
Satisfaction with care
76.5 (30.2,0-100) 0.92 0.55
Table 2. Validity of the LupusPRO against SF36, disease activity and disease damage.
*n=68 for BILAG
Domain SF36 (r, p value)
n=236 Disease Activity
(r, p value) n=184* Disease Damage (r, p value) n=68
Lupus Symptoms
PGA (-0.37, 0.001) SLEDAI ( -0.23, 0.002) LFA (-0.44, 0.001) General BILAG (-0.31,0.01), Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.47,0.001) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.13,0.29) Total BILAG (-0.43,0.001)
Cognition LFA (-0.19, 0.04) -0.23, 0.06
Lupus Medication SLEDAI (-0.17,0.02) LFA (-0.15, 0.08)
-0.37, 0.001
Physical Health PF (0.62, 0.001) RP (0.57, 0.001)
PGA (-0.14, 0.05) LFA (-0.25, 0.004) Total BILAG (-0.23,0.05)
Pain-Vitality BP (0.75, 0.001) VT (0.74,0.001)
PGA (-0.14, 0.06) LFA (-0.21, 0.02) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.26,0.03) Total BILAG (-0.27,0.02)
Emotional Health MH (0.64,0.001) RE (0.52, 0.001)
PGA (-0.19, 0.01) SLEDAI (-0.14, 0.05) LFA (-0.20, 0.02) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.25,0.04) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.21,0.09) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.31, 0.01) Total BILAG (-0.34,0.01)
Procreation PGA (-0.20, 0.007) SLEDAI (-0.18, 0.01)
-0.24,0.05
Body Image
PGA (-0.20, 0.005) SLEDAI (-0.16, 0.03) LFA (-0.23, 0.01) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.25, 0.04) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.26,0.04) Total BILAG (-0.24,0.05)
-0.28,0.03
General Health GH (0.58, 0.001) LFA (-0.21, 0.03) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.26,0.03) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.24, 0.04)
Desires/Goals
PGA (-0.18, 0.01) SLEDAI (-0.22, 0.003) LFA (-0.18, 0.04) General BILAG (-0.30,0.01) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.33, 0.01) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.35,0.001) Total BILAG (-0.50,0.001)
Coping Vasculitis BILAG (-0.25, 0.04)
Social support SS (0.20, 0.002) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.23, 0.06) -0.26, 0.04
Satisfaction with care PGA (0.18, 0.01) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.23,0.06) Cardio-Pulmonary BILAG (-0.35, 0.001)
HRQOL PCS (0.54, 0.001) MCS (0.64, 0.001) SF6D (0.68, 0.001)
PGA (-0.30, 0.001) SLEDAI (-0.32, 0.001) LFA (-0.29, 0.002) Muco-cutaneous BILAG (-0.23, 0.06) Musculo-skeletal BILAG (-0.22,0.08) Vasculitis BILAG (-0.21, 0.09)
-0.32,0.01
Non-HRQOL PCS (0.30, 0.001) MCS (0.27, 0.001) SF6D (0.36, 0.001)
Vasculitis BILAG (-0.28, 0.02)
Table 3. Criterion validity of LupusPRO
PGA mean (SD) (n=182) LFA Flare mean (SD) (n=128)
Lupus Symptoms
0 84.3 (19.4) >0-1 69.6 (23.6) >1 62.1 (28.2) (p=0.001)
Yes 80.5 (21.6) No 51.6 (26.6) (p=0.001)
Cognition 0 76.7 (25.5) >0-1 75.7 (27.9) >1 66.7 (31.4) (p=0.18)
Yes 72.5 (27.6) No 59.3 (27.3) (p=0.03)
Lupus Medication
0 80.4 (26.4) >0-1 81.6 (25.8) >1 68.2 (32.8) (p=0.04)
Yes 80.7 (26.4) No 70 (31.8) (p=0. 0.08)
Physical Health 0 85.0 (21.5) >0-1 75.8 (24.2) >1 75.5 (22.7) (p=0.02)
Yes 79.7 (24.6) No 63.8 (22.3) (p=0.003)
Pain-Vitality 0 66.3 (28.9) >0-1 61.2 (27.6) >1 54.8 (31.9) (p=0.14)
Yes 60.4 (29.5) No 45 (24.9) (p=0. 01)
Emotional Health
0 69.0 (28.6) >0-1 61.4 (29.8) >1 51.1 (31.7) (p=0.01)
Yes 65.4 (29.5) No 50.0 (31.3) (p=0. 02)
Procreation 0 93.1 (18.1) >0-1 89.3 (24.8) >1 79.8 (30.5) (p=0.02)
Yes 93.8 (19.5) No 90.0 (27.9) (p=0.42)
Body Image 0 82.9 (23.4) >0-1 74.7 (28.9) >1 66.9 (32.7) (p=0.01)
Yes 79.2 (26.3) No 63.2 (30.5) (p=0. 009)
General Health 0 77.5 (18.8) >0-1 76.7 (21.4) >1 63.0 (28.5) (p=0.07)
Yes 63.4 (30.4) No 49.5 (26.9) (p=0. 03)
Desires/Goals 0 76.9 (27.4) >0-1 70.1 (27.7) >1 58.7 (34.7) (p=0.008)
Yes 73.3 (28.1) No 60.0 (30.1) (p=0. 0.03)
Coping 0 74.9 (27.9) >0-1 70.0 (26.4) >1 73.6 (32.2) (p=0.56)
Yes 73.0 (26.4) No 69.7 (31.3) (p=0. 59)
Social support 0 74.6 (32.5) >0-1 73.9 (29.7) >1 80.3 (31.3) (p=0.58)
Yes 72.5 (32.4) No 67.0 (32.0) (p=0.45)
Satisfaction with care
0 79.7 (29.2) >0-1 78.1 (32.0) >1 92.1 (12.7) (p=0.02)
Yes 76.4 (32.0) No 78.0 (28.7) (p=0.82)
Reference List
(1) Jolly M, Pickard AS, Wilke C, Lin HW, Khandelwal S, Rodby R et al. Development and Validation of a US Lupus Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure. Arthritis & Rheum. 56[9s], S113. 2007.
(2) Jolly M, Pickard AS, Fogg L, Wilke C, Lin H, Mikolaitis R et al. US Patient Derived Lupus-Specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure (Lupus-PRO©): Validity and Reliability. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2008; 58(9s):S805.
(3) Cervera J, Cooray D, Jolly M, Katsaros EP, Moldovan I, Shinada S et al. Predictors of Patient Reported Health Outcomes in A New Lupus Cohort in Southern California. Arthritis & Rheum 60[10s], S515. 2010.
Scoring for LupusPRO v1.7
The LupusPRO© has 5 point Likert response format, where 0=None of the time/not applicable, 1= A little of the time, 2= Some of the time, 3=Most of the time, 4= All of the time, 5= Not applicable (recode as 0 for scoring). Reverse scoring for some items is required (as above). There are 12 observed domains. Item scores are totaled for each domain item and the mean domain score is obtained by dividing the total score by the number of items in that domain. The mean raw domain score is transformed to scores ranging from 0 (worst QOL) to 100 (best QOL) by dividing by 4 (the number of Likert responses {5 responses} minus 1) and then multiplying by 100, as below: (Mean raw domain score/4) x 100= Transformed score for the domain. Transformed domain scores are obtainable when at least 50% of the items are answered. Total HRQOL and N-HRQOL scores are obtained by averaging the transformed domain scores within each construct.
Items Construct Domain Description Reverse Coding
1-3 HRQOL Lupus Symptoms Lupus Symptoms Yes
4-5 HRQOL Cognition Cognition Yes
6-7 HRQOL Lupus Medications Lupus Medications Yes
8-9 HRQOL Procreation Procreation Yes
10-14 HRQOL Physical Health Physical Function, Role Physical Yes
15-19 HRQOL Pain Vitality Pain Vitality Yes
20-25 HRQOL Emotional Health Emotional function, Role Emotional Yes
26-30 HRQOL Body Image Body Image Yes
31-34 N-HRQOL Desires-Goals Desires, Goals, Plans Yes
35-36 N-HRQOL Social support Support system No
37-39 N-HRQOL Coping Coping No
40-43 N-HRQOL Satisfaction with care Satisfaction with Lupus Care No