Machine Guarding and Amputation Hazards
Safety Training Presentations
Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program
This material was produced under grant number SH22297-SH1 from OSHA. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Objectives Students will:
• Identify sources of amputation hazards
• Describe available protection and safeguarding methods
• Identify hazardous machine components and motions
• Identify sources of amputations at the workplace.
• Interpret OSHA’s role and standards
Amputation
Amputations are most serious and debilitating workplace injuries.
They are widespread and involve a variety of activities and equipment.
Amputations occur most often when workers
operate unguarded or inadequately safeguarded mechanical equipment
Amputation (cont)
Injuries also happen during materials handling when using forklifts and doors as well as trash compactors
While using powered and non-powered hand tools.
While performing maintenance or repairs to improperly secured (LOTO) equipment
Machine is not safeguarded because …
Equipment came that way I bought it used and that part was missing Guard gets in the way Is easier to work around it It’s common sense: no one will put their hands
in there I don’t know…
Sources of Amputation
Mechanical power presses
Power press brakes
Powered and non-powered
conveyors
Printing presses
Roll-forming and roll
bending machines
Food slicers, meat
grinders, meat-cutting
band saws
Drill presses, and milling
machines & shears
Grinders and slitters
Hazardous Machine Components
Point of operation
• Area where work is performed
Power-transmission devices
• Pulleys, belts, gears, etc
Other moving parts
• Reciprocating action, rotating
Hazardous Machine Motions
Rotating – Circular motion Reciprocating – Back and forth motion Transverse – Straight continuous line Cutting – Sawing, boring, milling Punching – Metal Stamping Shearing – Metal Trimming Bending – Metal forming
Hazardous Activities
Employees operating and caring for machinery perform activities that presents amputation hazards such as:
• Set up and preparation
• Maintenance
• Machine set up
• Clearing Jams
• Lubrication and Inspection
Controlling Amputation Hazards
Machine Safeguarding is essential for protecting employees from preventable injury. A good rule to remember is:
• Any part of a machine, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded
• Safety is everyone's responsibility not just your supervisor
Protection Methods
Recognize and avoid amputation hazards through:
• Guarding
• Safe work practices
• Employee training
• Administrative controls
• Operating in a safe manner.
Preventive Measures
Lock Out Tag out:The best way to prevent amputations caused by stationary or portable machinery is with machine safeguarding and must be supplemented by an effective energy control (LOTO )
Machine safeguarding
Two methods of machine safeguarding: • Guards and Safe Guarding Devices
Guards are physical barriers that prevent access to danger area
Devices: Help prevent contact with points of operation and may replace or supplement guards. Interrupt normal operation when workers hands are inside the machine
Hand and Portable Power Tools
Ensure guards are in place and working when using circular portable saws with a blade of 2” or more in diameter.
All portable power tools with a 2” or more diameter wheel should have a constant pressure switch.
Applies to grinders, belt sanders, reciprocating saws, drills, etc.
OSHA Machine Guarding E-Tool eTools are "stand-alone" Web-based training tools
on occupational safety and health topics.
They provide guidance information for developing a comprehensive safety and health program.
Therefore, they include elements that go beyond specific OSHA mandates, such as recommendations for good industry practice.
OSHA Standards The following OSHA standards are a few of the
regulations that protect employees from amputation hazards.• 29 CFR 1910 Sub Parts O and P: Machinery and machine
safeguarding
• 29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools
Helpful OSHA Resources
OSHA has many helpful programs, including assistance about safety and health programs, state plans, workplace consultations, voluntary protection programs, strategic partnerships, training and education, and more
Summary Proper LOTO will prevent injuries while
performing maintenance on equipment The use of Guards and devices are
safeguarding methods to prevent amputations
Recognize dangerous machine motions OSHA is here to help. If in doubt refer to the
standards and supervisor
OSHA Contact NumbersTo report Unsafe Working Conditions, Safety and Health Violations Contact OSHA @:
1-800-321-OSHA (6742) / TTY1-877-889-5627
To File a Complaint Form:
To file an OSHA-7 report online, see how to file a complaint with OSHA (www.osha.gov)
For more information regarding your rights, see Worker Rights
References
29 CFR Part 1910 Subparts O and P cover
machinery and machine guarding.
29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools
and powered tools.
OSHA website: www.osha.gov