Download - Malignant neoplasms of nose
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MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OFNASAL CAVITY
BY: MOHIT KADYANROLL NO: 26
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TUMORS OF NASAL CAVITY
CARCINOMA OF NASAL CAVITY -SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA -ADENOCARCINOMA
MALIGNANT MELANOMAOLFACTORY NEUROBLASTOMALYMPHOMAPLASMACYTOMAOTHERS SARCOMA AND HAEMANGIOPERICYTOMA
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1. SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA• It is the most common variety , seen in about 80% of cases• Above 50 years of age • It may arise from -vestibule, -anterior part of nasal septum or -lateral wall of nasal cavity.• Vestibular: arises from lateral wall of vestibule and extends into
collumela , nasal floor, and upper lip .• Septal: arises from mucocutaneous junction causing burning and
sore nose . It is termed as “nose-picker’s cancer’’.
• Lateral wall: most common site , extends into ethmoid or maxillary sinus , presents as polypoidal mass in lateral wall of nose
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• Vestibular spreads to parotid nodes while septal and lateral wall neoplasms show low metastatic tendency.
Treatment: Combination of radiotherapy and surgery
Metastasis:
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Adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.
•They arise from the glands of mucous membranes , mostly involve upper part of the lateral wall of nasal
cavity.
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2. Malignant melanoma
• Usually seen in persons about 50 yrs of age. • Cell of origion is MELANOCYTE• It presents as slaty-gray or bluish-black polypoid
mass.• Anterior part is most common site followed by
middle and inferior turbinate.• Amelanotic are the non-pigmented varieties
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METASTASIS:• Tumour spreads to cervical nodes by blood
and lymphatic route
TREATMENT: • Surgical incision is the treatment , radiotherapy and
chemotherapy are avoided as it supresses immunity
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3. Olfactory neuroblastoma
• Tumour of olfactory placode can be seen in any age group.
• Cherry red , polypoidal mass in upper nasal cavity.
• Bleeds on biopsy as it is highly vascular.
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Metastasis:• Lymph node or systemic metastasis can occur
Treatment:• Can be cured by radiotherapy alone• Surgical excision is followed presently along with radiation• Craniofacial resection may be required for tumors of
cribriform plate.
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4.Haemangiopericytoma
• Rare tumour of vascular origin seen in 60-70 yrs of age.
• Cell of origion is ‘’pericyte’’ which surround capillaries
• Patients present with epistaxis• Tumour bleeds on biopsy• Treatment is surgical excision and radiotherapy is
tried for recurrent and inoperable cases.
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5. Plasmocytoma
• Affects males over 40 yrs of age• Solitary plasmocytoma without any osseous
disease can be seen in the nasal cavity • Treatment is by radiation followed 3 months
later by surgery , if regression doesn’t occur• long term follow up is advised to exclude
development of Multiple myeloma.
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6. Sarcomas
• Osteogenic sarcoma , chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma , angiosarcoma , malignant histiocytoma are other rare tumours affecting the nose.
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7. lymphoma
• Rarely a non-hodgkin lymphoma presents on septum of nose.
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