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Manuel Fco. Quesada Quirs PP & PS Regional Service Manager - ABB CA&C
Substation Analysis
o a mros, ower ystems, u stat ons, u y unta ana, om n can ep.
s ssessmen o u s a ons
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 1
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 2
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsABB Substation Services The er etual c cle
Assessment services Retrofit services Support services
Substation
AnalysisDiagnostics Consulting Upgrading Modernization Service contracts Spare parts Training
Substation Services Lifetime extension measures for strengthening
the operational reliability
Status assessment with respect to condition
and importance
Increased efficiency on equipment/system level
Support Services
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 3
rgan za ona e c ency ncrease
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsFull Substation covera e
current status and suggests
improvement actions.
Diagnostics applicable whenfurther investigation is required
in order defining current status.
Upgrading and Modernization
in order improving the
operational efficiency
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 4
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsWhat lifetime can ou ex ect for substation e ui ment?
Typical economical li fespan of major HV electrical equipment
Substation establishment 50-60 years
Power transformers 45-50 years
Capacitors 40 yearsrcu rea ers years
Instrument transformers 45 years
Control & Protection systems 15-30 years
Telecommunication 10-12,5 years
Transmission lines 45-60 years
-
Source: Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM)
Economical lifespan: Period over which an asset (machine, property, computer system etc.) is expected to
be usable, with normal repairs and maintenance, for the purpose it was acquired, rented or leased for
usuall less than the assets h sical lifetime.
Lifetime extension is possible provided well maintained and if proper actions
are performed in time!
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 5
Would you consider lifetime extension instead of replacement?
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsDeferred maintenance is a lobal henomenon
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 6
Life goes on, but expected lifetime is not likely to be reached...
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSeen and heard in substations throu h the ears ...
Open terminal blocks in a since many years energized substation
"The sound of the alarm system was so annoying that we opened some
terminal blocks
Being the battery charger alerting for charging failure, perhaps nota mpor an ... r g ere an en
Exterior padlock on emergency exit from the 380kV GIS hall
"
Yes, but what happens the day someone really needs to get out
quickly..?
Heaters in operating mechanisms disconnected
"We have a tropical climate so it never gets really cold here , ..
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 7
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA substation needed directional earth fault rotection on the 69kV lines
So what to do? Of course, you fix a.s.a.p an "open delta...
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 8
It is all a matter of Risk Management!
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsRisk mana ement is nothin new but its im ortance is stron l rowin
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 9
Systems perspective would be needed to get it together!
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsRisk mana ement with s stems ers ective..?
Very well maintained circuit breakers, but yet in conjunction to those:
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 10
Current transformers quite likely to soon explode (gaskets above oil level) Disconnect switches with heavily corroded clamps and dry contacts
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsAddressin the Substation owner
Are you aware of the condition of your substation?
What components are most likely to fail, and when?
o you now w a equ pmen a w g ve e severes
consequences in your network at failure and why?
How would a potential failure affect grid stability?
Are you performing maintenance adapted to specific operationalconditions in your substation?
Is our or anization re ared to resolve an ex ected or unex ected
situation that may occur in your substation?
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 11
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's Assessment Model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 12
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSummar of the Assessment Model
Condition & Importance Risk Matrix
NEPLAN Maintenance
knowledge bank
Development
Production Supply
(including
feedback from
end user)
Products and systems
Civil works
From customer questionnaire:
Operating experience
Current status
Risk identification
Recommended actions
List of Priority
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 13
feedback
Importance information
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSubstation owner rovides the im ortance factor
=WLE1 =WLE2
-F3
-T36
-Q11
-F3
-T36
-Q11(I = 75%) (I = 60%)
-T11
-Q1
-T11
-Q1
I = 75%
-Q10 -Q10
- - - - -
=
-=T1 =T2
- - - - - -
-Q11
-T11
-Q11
-T11
(I = 80%) (I = 50%)
132/10kV -Q11
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 14
All equipment within the same bay has the same Importance factor (0-100%)
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsAll e ui ment lotted in a risk matrix
Condition is assessed by ABB and
is based on:
A lication & desi n
Equipment with high ri sk is plott ed in the red field.
Recommendations: Retrofi t, replacement or deeper
diagnostics
Environment
Number of operations and short
circuits
Operational experienceEquipment with medium risk is plotted in the yellow field.
Recommendations: Increased maintenance and
Availability of spare parts andexpertise
Personal safety
Etc.
agnos cs, n some cases re ro or rep acemen
depending on the impor tance.
Equipment with low risk is plot ted in the green field.
Recommendations: visual inspection or normal
maintenance depending of the impor tance.
Importance is given by the substation owner
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 15
Environmental impact Economical factors for the user e.g loss of production and
Liquidated damages.
Etc.
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 16
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsSubstation Anal sis
SubstationVisual inspection of Feedback from
assessment ant owner
Diagnostic and / or
-
Recommended actions
OHS Civil works
Transformer &
Tap Changer HV MV & LV Relay & Control
in specific areas
Recommended actions
Transformer
-
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 17
Current situation, hazards and actions are identified. Only priority is missing ...
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 18
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Risk Assessment of Substations"Find five errors" in a Substation from 1980 ...
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 19
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Risk Assessment of Substations"Find five errors" in a Substation from 2001
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 20
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsWhich lant should be rioritized?
If the focus is condition: No doubt the station from 1980 But will condition based assessment give a completely accurate picture ..?
Its importance in the network, or the consequences of a failure, must be
identified ABB assessment model is based on Reliability Centered Maintenance principles
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 21
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsMaintenance strate ies TBM CBM or RCM
Poor
The Condition depends on.: Age of equipment Spare parts availability
Time Based Maintenance (TBM): Based on expected life time
C
ondition
Service experience of sametype of equipment
Experience feed back fromservice personnel
Yearly service and
recommended time intervals
Replacement according to age.
All equipment which has reached expected
Good
maintenance cost New rules and legislations Etc.
.
Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) Based on the condition
Maintenance and re lacement de end on the
assessed condition
Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Based on both condition and importance.
consequences of a failure
Liquidated damages
Type of client Cost of replacement
Maintenance and replacement depend on
assessment of both condition and importance
n ury o ersonne r par y Environmental impact Image of Company Etc.
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 22
ImportanceLow High
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsMaintenance strate ies From CBM to RCM
Poor
C
ondition
Good
Reliability Centered Maintenance
Is a method to determine the most
cost effective maintenance strategyfor a specific equipment. Based ontheir service environment
Risk
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 23
ImportanceLow High
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsPrioritized actions based on RCM
Condition Based Maintenance Considers condition only
100 (poor)
CReplacement
3
1
2
1 5
the sequence of actions: Replacement of 3
Replacement of 2
c1
c2 c3
c4
c5C
ondition
Maintenance
4 5
ep acemen o
Maintenance on 4
Maintenance on 5
0 (good)
Inspection
Reliability Centered Maintenance Considers the risk i.e. both Condition
100%
1
2 3
Random equipment
1Re lacement
.
Risk levels r1.r5 determine the
sequence of actions: Maintenance on 5C
ondition
4 5
ctio
nr1
r2 r3
r5 Maintenance
Replacement of 3
Maintenance on 4
Replacement of 2
Fault correction of 1Faultcorr
Inspection
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 24
Importance 100%(High)
0
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 25
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsBasic information about the e ui ment
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 26
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe condition is defined at individual level
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 27
Ri k A t f S b t ti
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe im ortance is set as defined b substation owner
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 28
Ri k A t f S b t ti
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 29
Ri k A t f S b t ti
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe assessment is resented in er t e of e ui ment
General information Briefly about situation in actual equipment
,
for actual type of equipment
Result of risk assessment All involved equipment plotted in a diagram
according to its condition and importance
Equipment with risk factor 65 is high-
lighted in a separate table
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 30
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe assessment is resented in er t e of e ui ment
Recommendations Information about each t e of
equipment; history, access to spares and
expertise etc.
Highlighting respective types risk
Recommended actions
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 31
Risk Assessment of Substations
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 32
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsThe stor of how an EDF-breaker com letel undeservedl ended u as red.
Healthy EDF52 from 1995
Not exceptionally important
Why, does it appear in red zone?
Let's examine the facts:
Two hand operated NRB-DS are
mounted directl above the breaker.
The operational rod for the NRB is notvertical due to land subsidence and
warped pilings rea orce mus e app e a
operation, which may cause parts of the
NRB to crack and fall down.
EDF-breaker is pressurized: It will explode if hit by falling objects!
Recommendations:
Find alternative place for the NRB
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 33
Fix warped pilings
Risk Assessment of Substations
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Risk Assessment of SubstationsA enda
Introduction and a bit of tr ivia
ABB's assessment model
Current situation / Risk Identification / Action
Priority Method Importance
NEPLAN in brief
Presentation of assessment
Example
ummary
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 34
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Risk Assessment of Substations
ABB assessment model provides :
Knowledge of what equipment that will give the severest
An objective risk assessment which enables effective planning of
maintenance investment both by condition and importance,
. .. .
Mapping of the substations all objects in a risk matrix that suggests achronological order for future maintenance and action.
ssessment mo e ase on t e co ect ve exper ence rom more
than 100 years of development, production and delivery of electrical
infrastructure and experience feedback from users.
ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 35
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ABB GroupJuly 16, 2012 | Slide 36