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Managing University Resources: Increasing and Diversifying Financial Resources and Developing
Public Private Partnerships
Marina DabicUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Economics and [email protected]
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Croatia
http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/croaco.htm http://www.stipendije.info/index.php?lang=en
Bologna Processhttp://www.mzos.hr/bolonjskiproces
Croatian Academic and Research Networkhttp://www.carnet.hr
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts http://www.hazu.hr
Croatian foundationshttp://www.iro.hr/hr/informiranje-i-savjetovanje-o-visokom-obrazovanju/studiranje-u-hrvatskoj/pregled-institucija/#zaklade
Ministry of Science, Education and Sportshttp://www.mzos.hr
National ENIC/NARIC officehttp://www.azvo.hr/Default.aspx?sec=48
National and University Libraryhttp://www.nsk.hr
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Institutional framework for innovation policy management and implementation
CHAPTER 20CHAPTER 20GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
NEGOTIATING TEAM FOR THE ACCESSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA TO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Minister
State Secretary for Science
DEPARTMENT FOR ANALYSIS AND
MONITORING OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT
Science Directorate
Technological Council Council of the CroatianInnovation System
Assistant to the Minister forScience
Unit for the Intelectual propertyrights in academic sector
BICRO
Croatian Institute forTechnology (HIT)
Technology centers
Technical infrastructure (stateoffices for standards, measuremnts, patents, statistics, etc)
Interministerial Control Group
The increase of the investment in higher education totalled € 107 million or 48.7% in the period between 2003 and 2007. In the same period about € 109 million has been earmarked for capital investments, and the construction of university campuses is underway in Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Osijek and Dubrovnik. Total investments for the mentioned projects amount to approximately € 404.1 million. The vision presented in the Education Sector Development Plan 2005 − 2010 and Science & Technology Policy of the Republic of Croatia 2006 − 2010 was supported by the World Bank and for that purpose it approved loans in the amount of € 67.8 million (education) and € 31 million (science and technology).Since the projected capital investments into the science and education system until 2010 amount to € 1.34 billion, the Ministry has initiated the development of a public-private partnership model in order to fulfil the purpose of the system by pooling funds and expertise.Source: Republic of Croatia Ministry of Science, Education and Sportshttp://public.mzos.hr/default.aspx?sec=2428
Investment in higher Education system in Croatia
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Science and innovation system of Croatia
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Sourcesof funds for financing HE institutions
Founders’ funds State budget of the Republic of Croatia Budget of counties, cities and municipalities Funds o the National Foundation for Science, Higher Education and
Technology Development in the Republic of Croatia Institutional income base on tuition fees , research and professional
projects, studies, expert analyses and publishing Funds from universities and other foundations, profits from
companies and other legal entities Funds from the direct investments of individuals, companies, EU Funds from donations
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0,867 % of the GDP was directly allocted for HE from the state budget,
Only 11.9% of the population has obtained a TE, whereas 47.1% has completed secondary school.
Moreover, 21.8% of the citizens have completed only primary school, while 18.6% of the population has no education at all.
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HITRA - programs
Sub-Program Type of projects Targets of the policy measures
T
E
S
TTechnology
projects
“Simple” technology projects (TP)
commercially promising products, processes and services prior to their commercial use (prototype/pilot stage)
“Collaborative” technology projects (STIRP)
multidisciplinary, cooperative research for launching new or developing the existing technological areas
Nucleus (Jezgre) Research and technological NUCLEUS concentration of R&D resources (experts, equipment, instruments) to gain critical mass for research based services
RAZUM-
Knowledge-based companies
RAZUM commercialization of research through companies (start-up, spin-offs, expansion….)
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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia
Croatia
Government Tertiary education Business Total
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Business Government Higher education
Total researchers (full-time equivalents, FTE) by sectors in Croatia 1997-2004 (in %) Source: CBS; Annual Reports
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TEST – Technology projects
Managed by MSESAdvisory body: Technology Council
- evaluation of the project proposals- proposing to MSES the financial means for grants - monitoring projects implementation
482 projects applications - received
252 projects selected for
financial support
150 projects accomplished
482 projects applications - received
102 projects in progress
222 Technology projects (TP)
25 Collaborative projects(STIRP)
3 Nuclei
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0,770,71
0,98
1,23
1,07 1,12 1,141,24
0,25 0,25
0,43
0,560,44 0,47
0,52
0,340,41 0,38 0,39
0,210,27 0,24 0,24 0,25 0,26
0,44
0,270,460,45
0,26
0,190,26
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
GERD
BERD
HERD
GOVERD
Growth of R&D expenditures by main sectors of performance (in % of GDP) in Croatia, 1997-2004Source: CBS, Annual reports
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RAZUM- Knowledge based companies
Outsourced from the MSES , to: Business and Innovation Centre of Croatia (BICRO)
and technology centers
BICRO has analyzed more than 120 business plans.
. 1/3 (37) projects proposals were selected for financing
22 projects relates to start-up companies
16 projects are intended for
companies expansion plans
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Gross domestic expenditure of R&D (GERD), 2003
0,270,350,38
0,560,580,620,660,68
0,740,780,82
0,951,05
1,141,141,16
1,261,54
1,761,78
1,881,921,92
2,182,19
2,522,59
3,483,98
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
MaltaCyprusLatvia
PolandSlovakia
GreeceTurkey (2002)
LituaniaEU 10 (1)PortugalEstonia
HungarySpainItaly
CroatiaIreland
Czech RepublicSlovenia
NetherlandsLuxembourg
United KingdomBelgium
EU 25France
AustriaGermanyDenmark
FinlandSweden
Source: Eurostat, for FYR Macedonia and Serbia: Milica Uvalić: National Systems of RTD in the Western Balkans, SEE-ERA-NET Conference, Zagreb, December 15-16, 2005, for Turkey: Main S&T indicators, OECD, 2005/2
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Research intensity in Croatia and referent countries (in %), 2003
1,541,26 1,14 0,95 0,82 0,68 0,66 0,58 0,56 0,5 0,4 0,38 0,35 0,32 0,27 0,22
5
3
3,8 3,6
4,54
3,7 3,52,9
1,2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Sloven
ia
Czech
Rep
ublic
Croati
a
Hunga
ry
Estoni
a
Lithua
nia
Turke
y (20
02)
Slovak
ia
Poland
Bulgar
ia
Roman
ia
Latvia
Cypru
sSerb
ia
Malt
a
FYR Mac
edon
ia
GERD, 2003 Number of Reserarchers (FTE) per 1000 labour force
Source: Eurostat, for FYR Macedonia and Serbia: Milica Uvalić: National Systems of RTD in the
Western Balkans, SEE-ERA-NET Conference, Zagreb, December 15-16, 2005
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Expenditures per researchers in Croatia and the new Member States,
2001 (in 1000 €)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia
Croatia
Government Tertiary education Business Total
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HERD by source of funds (%), Croatia 2004
Central and local
government; 70,49%
Own resources; 20,98%
Other domestic resources;
0,72%Private and
public enterprises;
7,03%
Foreign investors;
0,78%
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University cooperation with industry
The share of the Zagreb university in total income realized by contract research in Croatia in 1997 was 13%, while the share of the remaining universities in Rijeka, Split, Zadar, Pula, Dubrovnik and Osijek was very modest - about 1% for all universities combined.
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Growth of public investments in HE and
R&D
Short term investion
Long term investment
GovermentSabor
Ministries
GovermentSabor
Ministries
Public finaciation
Financial agencies• grants• credits
• stakeholders
Financial agencies• grants• credits
• stakeholders
UniversitiesInstitutes
UniversitiesInstitutes
New technology, knowledge, and competences
Businesses, employment
venture capitalfonds.
Cumulative taxation
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Number of patent applications to the European Patent Office (EPO)
per million inhabitants,
4691.353
4.6034.7515.5337.0977.5557.6869.91611.83411.99512.307
18.96130.507
51.69479.67783.291
122.344134.511134.762
140.814144.175
154.551159.546
183.876217467
244.289290.413
297.353306.556
2.779
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000
PolandRomaniaLituaniaBulgariaPortugal
LatviaEstoniaCyprus
SlovakiaGreece
MaltaCzech RepublicCroatia (2001)
HungarySpain
SloveniaIreland
ItalyUnited Kingdom
EU 25 (2001)NorwayBelgiumFrance
LuxembourgEU 15 (2001)
AustriaDenmark
TheSweden
GermanyFinland
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Funded technology projects by scientific field, 2001 (Source: MSES).
Engineering; 48%
Natural sciences; 9%
Biomedical sciences; 13%
Biotechnical sciences; 28%
Social sciences; 2%
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