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MATHEMATICS & SCIENCE CENTERMATHEMATICS & SCIENCE CENTER
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Go to website
http://arcims.mathsciencecenter.infoThen click on Virginia Physiography
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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Courtesy of USGS
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THE COASTAL PLAIN
• A region of sedimentary strata consisting of sands, muds, and gravels
• Tidal waters occupy not only the Chesapeake Bay, but also lower portions of the James, York, Rappahannock and Potomac rivers
• Extends inland for more than 100 miles and is monotonously flat
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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Courtesy of Carroll Ellis, Physical Geology, 2003
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Courtesy of Carroll Ellis, Physical Geology, 2003
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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THE PIEDMONT
• Largest province extending from the Fall Line westward to the Blue Ridge Mountains
• Comprised of a complex of metamorphic and igneous rocks, overlain in a few places by Triassic-age sedimentary beds
• Important rocks and minerals include pegmatites, slate, kyanite, gold and pyrite
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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1998 Geology Summer Field School – Radford University
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The Blue Ridge Mountain
• A long narrow, northeast-southwest trending mountain chain
• Consists of old Precambrian-age sedimentary and volcanic rocks
• Old Rag Granite is the oldest rock unit dated in Virginia at 1.2 billion years
• The two highest mountains in the state, Mt Rogers (elevation 5,719 ft.) and White Top (elevation 5,520 ft.) are both in the southern Blue Ridge
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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http://www.goodearthgraphics.com
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The Valley and Ridge
• Composed of folded and faulted 550 to 300 million-year-old sedimentary rocks
• Most ridges are held up by resistant sandstone, and most valleys are underlain by less resistant shale, limestone, and dolostone
• Karst features, such as caves and sinkholes are common throughout this province
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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Courtesy of Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
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The Appalachian Plateau
• Contains deep narrow valleys and steep, rugged mountain sides caused by downcutting by streams
• Consists of 320 to 280 million-year-old sandstone and shale with coalbeds
• Most of the rock layers are relatively flat-lying• Coal is Virginia’s most important mineral
resource
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